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Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions
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0. Foreword. | 0. Foreword. To document is amusemental the way after spent much of time still there were somewhere need to precise, is another feature of the conlang. That of 0th to 9th editions are, having few individual use in practice, are unstable, they are hardly be documented save for 8th edition. Index 0. outline. 1. on phonemes. 2. on graphemes. 3. graphs. 4. syntax. | ||
Ekma is a constructed language designed to low probability of grammatical errors. Autonym is lekmae kvtáçu /ˈɰekmɐ kuˈtäi̯t͡ʂy/ also spelt ekma/ekm as acronym, word itself means verbal expression of Kutachu people. It saw to a written laguage for some spoken language of another world, parallel to this world. This was known through tracing the writing system, that actually is a collection of about a thousand of invariable words. | Ekma is a constructed language designed to low probability of grammatical errors. Autonym is lekmae kvtáçu /ˈɰekmɐ kuˈtäi̯t͡ʂy/ also spelt ekma/ekm as acronym, word itself means verbal expression of Kutachu people. It saw to a written laguage for some spoken language of another world, parallel to this world. This was known through tracing the writing system, that actually is a collection of about a thousand of invariable words. | ||
It basically preferred SV, CV, AN, VOS, CVC syllable construction, that are subject-intransitive/self causative verb alignment, complement/condition-main verb alignment, adjective-noun alignment, transitive verb-object-subjective theme alignment, any single consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/-a vowel out of /*ä *ɐ̯ä *äɐ̯ *äu̯ *ɐ *e *u̯e *ei̯ *ii̯ *i̯u *o *u̯o *ou̯ *i̯o *oi̯ *uu̯ *u̯i/-a consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/. Which attached * means a hypothetical construction. Each word has | It basically preferred SV, CV, AN, VOS, CVC syllable construction, that are subject-intransitive/self causative verb alignment, complement/condition-main verb alignment, adjective-noun alignment, transitive verb-object-subjective theme alignment, any single consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/-a vowel out of /*ä *ɐ̯ä *äɐ̯ *äu̯ *ɐ *e *u̯e *ei̯ *ii̯ *i̯u *o *u̯o *ou̯ *i̯o *oi̯ *uu̯ *u̯i/-a consonant out of /*ɰ *ɥ *ŋ *k *d *f *t͡s *ɕ *ʂ *b *n *m/. Which attached * means a hypothetical construction. Each word has an either type, noun or adjective or adverb or verb. Same category shares their minimal length of time, nouns are long, adjectives are semi long, adverbs are semi short, verbs are short. | ||
1. Descriptions on phonemes. | 1. Descriptions on phonemes. Listed firstly is phoneme - secondly reasonous grapheme - finaly usual realisation of the phoneme, approved other phonemes are afterwards. ɰ - r* - ɰ ɦ ʔ. ä - a - ä ɐ. ɐ̯ä - à - e̯ä ɐ̯ä. äɐ̯ - ä - äi̯ äɐ̯ äː. äu̯ - ê - äu̯ ɐu̯ ʌu̯. ɐ - â - ɐ ɐ whispering. e - e - e ɪ ɐ. u̯e - è - u̯e ø. ei̯ - é - ei̯ e ɛ eː. ii̯ - i - i ii̯ iː. i̯u - u - y i̯u i̯y. o - o - o ʊ. u̯o - ò - u̯o u̯ʌ. ou̯ - ó - ou̯ o ɔ oː. i̯o - io - i̯o. oi̯ - ö - øi̯* u̯ei̯ u̯eʏ̯ øʏ̯ oi̯. uu̯ - v - u uu̯ uː. u̯i - î - ɨ ɯ u̯i. ɥ - l - ɥ ɥ̥ jʷ. ŋ - h - ɳ ŋ̥ ŋ. k - k - k x q. d - d - t d̥ d. f - f - f ʋ. t͡s - z - s̪ t͡s z. ɕ - s - s ɬ ɕ. ʂ - ç - t͡ʂ ʂ. b - b - b b̥. n - n - n n̥ ɲ. m - m - m m̥ mʲ. /*øi̯/ had merged with /*oi̯/. Most of r* or zero consonant is unwritten, the rest is replaced with l for lexical reeasons. | ||
{{trans-top|2. Graphemes.}} | {{trans-top|2. Graphemes.}} | ||
X is | X is a letter. C is a consonant letter. V is a vowel letter. X is equal to C plus V. | ||
'XXX' is a XXX base word. 'XX' is a XX base word which is contracted 'XXX', the second letter of corresponding XXX is omitted. | |||
_XXX_ is if a CCC, the second letter is their vowel value, certain letter has that feature. _* or a space, it means there is always a space, also means a '*. '* or a word boundary, might be invisible from the contexts yet they are deductible. | |||
_a_ /ä/ | _a_ /ä/ | ||
Ca_ /ä/ | Ca_ /ä/ | ||
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mVC /m/VC | mVC /m/VC | ||
mV /m/V | mV /m/V | ||
CVC | CVC equals _CVC_ | ||
CVCa | CVCa equals CVC/ɐ/ | ||
CVCe_ *CVC/ɰ/ equals CVC | CVCe_ *CVC/ɰ/ equals CVC | ||
CVCCae | CVCCae equals CVCC/ɐ/ | ||
CVCCe_ *CVCC/ɰ/ | CVCCe_ *CVCC/ɰ/ equals **CVCC **approved. | ||
_CC_ | _CC_ equals CVC | ||
CCCC CVCCVC | CCCC CVCCVC equals CVC'CVC | ||
lCCC /ɥ/CCC | lCCC /ɥ/CCC equals /ɥ/C'CC ***/ɥ/VC'CVC ***graphically unapproved. | ||
CClC CC/ɥ/C | CClC CC/ɥ/C equals CC'/ɥ/C ***CVC'/ɥ/VC | ||
lClC /ɥ/C/ɥ/C | lClC /ɥ/C/ɥ/C equals /ɥ/C'/ɥ/C ***/ɥ/VC'/ɥ/VC | ||
CVCCVC | CVCCVC equals CVC'CVC. | ||
_CCC_ | _CCC_ equals 'C'C'C'/'CCC'. ****acronym. | ||
{{trans-bottom|}} | {{trans-bottom|}} | ||
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rán /ʀäi̯n/ Nothing. Unwritten. | rán /ʀäi̯n/ Nothing. Unwritten. | ||
´ It prolongs the attached phoneme regardless of category. It indicates intonation. Musically high at every beginning of a phrase, rest of the phrase lose original accent. Musically low at every endining of a phrase, loudness is another thing. | ´ It prolongs the attached phoneme regardless of category. It indicates intonation. Musically high at every beginning of a phrase, rest of the phrase lose original accent. Musically low at every endining of a phrase, loudness is another thing. | ||
_ It is " " actually. It takes spaces between words. It means there must be space or beginning/endining of the line. | _ It is " " actually. It takes spaces between words. It means there must be space or beginning/endining of the line. every two spaces is contracted to a space. | ||
_? A phrase end in ´. | _? A phrase end in ´. | ||
_! Loudness. | _! Loudness. | ||