Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:55, 14 May 2020

2,429 bytes removed ,  14 May 2020
m
→‎M-nouns - Mamą lā halenī: removed the n-paradigm, merging it mostly into m-nouns as in the original 2016 draft
m (→‎M-nouns - Mamą lā halenī: removed the n-paradigm, merging it mostly into m-nouns as in the original 2016 draft)
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Also note that modern borrowings ending in [s] typically add a further case ending, e.g. Skyrdagor ''valtasz'' (nunatak) becomes Chlouvānem ''valtasas'' (same meaning), declining as ''valtasau'', ''valtasu'', ''valtasei''...
Also note that modern borrowings ending in [s] typically add a further case ending, e.g. Skyrdagor ''valtasz'' (nunatak) becomes Chlouvānem ''valtasas'' (same meaning), declining as ''valtasau'', ''valtasu'', ''valtasei''...


===M- and N-nouns - Mamą naną no lā halenī===
===M-nouns - Mamą lā halenī===
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
|+1-m (-am, -ām, (-an, -ān, -en, -ēn))
|+1-m (-am, -ām)
|-
|-
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
|+2-m (-um, -ūm, (-un, -ūn))
|+2-m (-um, -ūm)
|-
|-
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
|+3-m (-im, -īm, (-in, -īn))
|+3-m (-im, -īm)
|-
|-
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
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|}
|}
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{
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{| class="redtable lightredbg" align="center" style="text-align: center;" |
|+1-m (n-paradigm)
|-
! Case !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural
|-
! <small>Direct</small>
| '''lilvan'''<br/><small>''"sash, belt"''</small> || rowspan=2 | lilvivā || rowspan=2 | lilvan
|-
! <small>Vocative</small>
| lilvā
|-
! <small>Accusative</small>
| lilvanu || lilunes<sup>2</sup> || lilunaih<sup>2</sup>
|-
! <small>Ergative</small>
| lilunæ<sup>2</sup> || lilunyan<sup>2</sup> || lilvanūn
|-
! <small>Genitive</small>
| lilvani || liluneva<sup>2</sup> || lilvaṃrān
|-
! <small>Translative</small>
| lilvanan || lilunį<sup>2</sup> || lilvanān
|-
! <small>Exessive</small>
| lilvanat || lilvabhan || lilunenīs<sup>2</sup>
|-
! <small>Essive</small>
| liluną<sup>2</sup> || lilunenne<sup>2</sup> || lilunyan<sup>2</sup>
|-
! <small>Dative</small>
| lilvanom || lilunį<sup>2</sup> || lilvaṃsām
|-
! <small>Ablative</small>
| lilvanų || lilvabhan || lilunenīs<sup>2</sup>
|-
! <small>Locative</small>
| lilvaṃrye || lilunenne<sup>2</sup> || lilunilīm<sup>2</sup>
|-
! <small>Instrumental</small>
| lilvanap || lilvabhan || lilvaṃrīka
|}
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The ''n-paradigms'' follow the exact same rules as the corresponding ''m-'' ones, with the exception of having the direct plural identical to the singular. All other inflections (including the dual) are the same as the other nouns. Thus e.g. '''samin''' may be either ''child'' or ''children'', and it is usually the verb that marks the number - compare ''samin mālchē'' "the kid runs" and ''samin mālchāhai'' "the kids run". They are de facto undistinguishable out of context in forms where singular and plural have the same verb form, e.g. in the perfect - ''samin amālcha'' can mean either "the kid has run" or "the kids have run" depending on context.
 
The noun ''yaltan'' (the currency of the Chlouvānem Inquisition) has, outside of legal texts, an irregularity in the exessive singular, being ''yaltat'' instead of ''yaltanat'' (the latter, regular form is used in very formal styles). This shortening arose in one of its most common uses, the exessive case used to state an amount paid, as in e.g. ''māmei yalta(na)t ulgutaṃte'' "I bought it for twelve yaltan."
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Table notes:
Table notes:
# Such forms with ''-jñ-'' are underlyingly ''-y-y-'' (e.g. ''jāy-y-es'' → ''jājñes'').
# Such forms with ''-jñ-'' are underlyingly ''-y-y-'' (e.g. ''jāy-y-es'' → ''jājñes'').
# This stem is the result of regular saṃdhi, i.e. *lilvn- → ''lilun-''.


===H-nouns - Hahą lā halenī===
===H-nouns - Hahą lā halenī===
Lili21
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