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Added gloss using combo of locative/directional noun (derived from body part) with a noun in the locative case.
m (→Morphology) |
(Added gloss using combo of locative/directional noun (derived from body part) with a noun in the locative case.) |
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| =kalí | | =kalí | ||
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Body part nouns may precede a head noun already marked with one of the case clitics to add more locational, directional, or positional precision. For example, the noun ''kilái'' "heart", often combines with a noun marked with the locative clitic ''=eva'' to convey an inessive sense: | |||
{{Gloss | |||
|phrase = Ji mana kilái kileva tohi. | |||
| IPA = | |||
| morphemes = ji mana kilái kil=eva tohi | |||
| gloss = 1P walk heart house=LOC PST | |||
| translation = I went into the house. | |||
}} | |||
Derivational affixes occur in greater frequency, but the texts from the Scriptum suggest the overwhelming number of these affixes are no longer productive. For this reason, the general consensus among Vadists is that these affixes have been fossilized. A prefix ''pesa-'' occurs among some verbs that tends to give them causative meaning. For this reason some have speculated this is a borrowing from the Minhast causative prefix ''išp-''. This view is problematic however, because this prefix sometimes appears to intensify the meaning of the root. Moreover, it is also found attached to some nouns, but its addition does not appear to affect the semantics of the noun. | Derivational affixes occur in greater frequency, but the texts from the Scriptum suggest the overwhelming number of these affixes are no longer productive. For this reason, the general consensus among Vadists is that these affixes have been fossilized. A prefix ''pesa-'' occurs among some verbs that tends to give them causative meaning. For this reason some have speculated this is a borrowing from the Minhast causative prefix ''išp-''. This view is problematic however, because this prefix sometimes appears to intensify the meaning of the root. Moreover, it is also found attached to some nouns, but its addition does not appear to affect the semantics of the noun. | ||
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| IPA = | | IPA = | ||
| morphemes = ji pesa-kúna, kaman uláta ji nokan pesa-akúdi. | | morphemes = ji pesa-kúna, kaman uláta ji nokan pesa-akúdi. | ||
| gloss = 1P CAUS-go | | gloss = 1P CAUS-go head úla=ABL 1S rock CAUS-throw. | ||
| translation = I will climb (that mountain) above you (so that) I can rain down rocks (upon you). | | translation = I will climb (that mountain) above you (so that) I can rain down rocks (upon you). | ||
}} | }} | ||