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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
There are 8 confirmed verb classes in Maryan. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! !! Absolute !! Construct !! Pronominal !! Qualitative | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 1''' || (C){{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}C({{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}) || (C){{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C || (C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C- || (C){{cop|'''ⲏ'''}}C | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 2''' || (C){{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}CC || (C){{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}CC || (C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}CC- || (C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}CC | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 3''' || ({{cop|'''ⲧ'''}})VC(C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}} || ({{cop|'''ⲧ'''}})VC(C){{cop|'''ⲉⳕ'''}} || ({{cop|'''ⲧ'''}})VC(C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}- || ({{cop|'''ⲧ'''}})VC(C){{cop|'''ⲏⲩⲧ'''}} | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 4''' || (C){{cop|'''ⲓ'''}}C{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}} || (C){{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C || (C){{cop|'''ⲁ'''}}C- || (C){{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C{{cop|'''ⲓⲧ'''}} | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 5''' || (C){{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}C{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C || (C){{cop|'''ⲉⳕ'''}}C{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C || (C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}CC- || (C){{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 6''' || (C<sup>1</sup>)C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>3</sup> || (C<sup>1</sup>)C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>3</sup> || (C<sup>1</sup>)C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}C<sup>3</sup>- || (C<sup>1</sup>)C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>3</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}C<sup>3</sup> | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 7''' || CC{{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}(C) || CC{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}(C) || C{{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C(C)- || C{{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C(C) | |||
|- | |||
| '''Class 8''' || C<sup>1</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲟ'''}}C<sup>2</sup> || C<sup>1</sup>C<sup>2</sup>{{cop|'''ⲉ'''}}C<sup>2</sup> || C<sup>1</sup>{{cop|'''ⲱ'''}}C<sup>2</sup> || C<sup>1</sup>{{cop|'''ⲏ'''}}C<sup>2</sup> | |||
|} | |||
====Examples==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! !! Absolute !! Construct !! Pronominal !! Qualitative | |||
|- | |||
| Class 1 ("to turn") || {{cop|ⲕⲱⲧⲉ}} || {{cop|ⲕⲉⲧ}} || {{cop|ⲕⲟⲧ-}} || {{cop|ⲕⲏⲧ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 2 ("to show") || {{cop|ⳣⲱⲛϩ}} || {{cop|ⳣⲉⲛϩ}} || {{cop|ⳣⲟⲛϩ-}} || {{cop|ⳣⲟⲛϩ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 3 ("to heal") || {{cop|ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ}} || {{cop|ⲧⲁⲗϭⲉⳕ}} || {{cop|ⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ-}} || {{cop|ⲧⲁⲗϭⲏⲩⲧ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 4 ("to birth") || {{cop|ⲙⲓⲥⲉ}} || {{cop|ⲙⲉⲥ}} || {{cop|ⲙⲁⲥ-}} || {{cop|ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲧ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 5 ("to kill") || {{cop|ϧⲱⲧⲉⲃ}} || {{cop|ϧⲉⳕⲧⲉⲃ}} || {{cop|ϧⲟⲑⲃ-}} || {{cop|ϧⲟⲧⲉⲃ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 6 ("to befriend") || {{cop|ⲥⲟⲛⲥⲉⲛ}} || {{cop|ⲥⲉⲛⲥⲉⲛ}} || {{cop|ⲥⲉⲛⲥⲱⲛ-}} || {{cop|ⲥⲉⲛⲥⲱⲛ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 7 ("to be sweet") || {{cop|ϩⲗⲟϫ}} || {{cop|ϩⲗⲉϫ}} || {{cop|ϩⲟⲗϫ-}} || {{cop|ϩⲟⲗϫ}} | |||
|- | |||
| Class 8 ("to shower") || {{cop|ϩⲙⲟⲙ}} || {{cop|ϩⲙⲉⲙ}} || {{cop|ϩⲱⲙ-}} || {{cop|ϩⲏⲙ}} | |||
|} | |||
* ''Ou'' ({{cop|ⲱ}}) becomes ''u'' ({{cop|ⲩ}}) after ''me'' ({{cop|ⲙ}}) and ''ne'' ({{cop|ⲛ}}). | |||
* ''O'' ({{cop|ⲟ}}) becomes ''alpha'' ({{cop|ⲁ}}) before ''shai'' ({{cop|ϣ}}), ''xai'' ({{cop|ϧ}}), and ''hore'' ({{cop|ϩ}}). | |||
* In the pronominal state, all modal voiceless stops become aspirated before ''beta'' ({{cop|ⲃ}}), ''wau'' ({{cop|ⳣ}}), ''laula'' ({{cop|ⲗ}}), ''me'' ({{cop|ⲙ}}), ''ne'' ({{cop|ⲛ}}), and ''ro'' ({{cop|ⲣ}}). | |||
===Adverbs=== | ===Adverbs=== | ||
===Particles=== | ===Particles=== | ||