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User:Pá mamūnám ontā́ bán/თქარინ: Difference between revisions
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→Case system
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*The nominative is used to denote the subject of a verb and also fulfils the vocative role. | *The nominative is used to denote the subject of a verb and also fulfils the vocative role. | ||
*The accusative denotes the direct object of a transitive verb. It is also used to indicate motion towards something. | *The accusative denotes the direct object of a transitive verb. It is also used to indicate motion towards something. | ||
*The dative is used to mark the indirect object of a transitive verb as well as indicating a location. It is used with many other prepositions, too (e.g. "with"). The dative is sometimes used to denote the "quirky subject" of verbs (that is the semantic but not grammatical subject); this usually marks lack of volition, experience or feelings. In addition, there are some verbs whose direct object is marked by the dative case; such verbs are often verbs of hindrance, service and use. | *The dative is used to mark the indirect object of a transitive verb as well as indicating a location. It is used with many other prepositions, too (e.g. "with"). The dative is sometimes used to denote the "quirky subject" of verbs (that is the semantic but not grammatical subject); this usually marks lack of volition, experience or feelings; it is common to find impersonal constructions where the dative is used in this way. In addition, there are some verbs whose direct object is marked by the dative case; such verbs are often verbs of hindrance, service and use. | ||
*The genitive denotes possession or relationship, a lack or replacement of something as well as provenance. As with the dative, some verbs mark their direct object with the genitive case; these are usually verbs of request and attainment. | *The genitive denotes possession or relationship, a lack or replacement of something as well as provenance. As with the dative, some verbs mark their direct object with the genitive case; these are usually verbs of request and attainment. | ||
There is an archaic fifth case: the instrumental. This is formed identically to the dative except for the fact that ს is replaced by ტ. | There is an archaic fifth case: the instrumental. This is formed identically to the dative except for the fact that ს is replaced by ტ. | ||
==Nouns== | ==Nouns== | ||
There is no grammatical gender. | There is no grammatical gender. | ||