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Weddish: Difference between revisions
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The interrogative pronouns do not inflect for person, number, or gender. Linguists would say they are animate and inanimate, though Weddish grammar calls them "personal" and "impersonal". They are identical to the relative pronoun (just as in English) and must match their antecedent in animacy, but not in case. Instead (just as in English) they indicate their new role in the relative clause. | The interrogative pronouns do not inflect for person, number, or gender. Linguists would say they are animate and inanimate, though Weddish grammar calls them "personal" and "impersonal". They are identical to the relative pronoun (just as in English) and must match their antecedent in animacy, but not in case. Instead (just as in English) they indicate their new role in the relative clause. | ||
==== Affixes ==== | ==== Affixes ==== | ||
Like Hebrew, Weddish uses enclitic forms of pronouns to indicate several things. | Like Hebrew, Weddish uses enclitic forms of pronouns to indicate several things. The imperfective aspect uses suffixes to indicate the absolutive argument, and prefixes to indicate the ergative argument. These same suffixes, when used on nouns, mark a genitive relationship. On transitive verbs, the prefix (matching) the ergative argument, are obligatory. Weddish is pro-drop with regards to pronouns, but an affix on both ends is required on transitive verbs. Remember, there are no ambi-transitive verbs in Weddish. Use of the independent personal pronouns when the person has been specified on either end of the verb is considered emphatic. | ||
The perfective aspect also has suffixes for intransitive verbs, to indicate the absolutive argument. However, for transitive verbs, a major of the affixes are circumfixes. Also, perfective transitive verbs take the suffixes associated with the imperfective to show their absolutive argument. | |||
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="float:left;" | {| {{Table/bluetable}} style="float:left;" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! inan. | ! inan. | ||
| '''-a''' | | '''-(y)a''' | ||
| ''' | | '''čay-''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! dl | ! dl | ||
| Line 826: | Line 828: | ||
| ø | | ø | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! pl | ||
| '''-(ay/i)č''' | | '''-(ay/i)č''' | ||
| '''čay-''' | | '''čay-''' | ||
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{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="float:left;" | {| {{Table/bluetable}} style="float:left;" | ||
|+ Perfective | |+ Perfective | ||
! Person || # || | ! Person || # || Intransitive || Transitive | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" | <big>1</big> | ! rowspan="3" | <big>1</big> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! dl | ! dl | ||
| ø | | ø | ||
| '''x(e)-''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! pl | ! pl | ||
| '''-(e)m''' | | '''-(e)m''' | ||
| ''' | | '''me- -u''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3" | <big>2</big> | ! rowspan="3" | <big>2</big> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! dl | ! dl | ||
| '''- | | '''-tem''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ta- -i''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! pl | ! pl | ||
| '''- | | '''-ten''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ta- -u''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="4" | <big>3</big> | ! rowspan="4" | <big>3</big> | ||
! anim. | ! anim. | ||
| '''- | | '''-ayl''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ya-''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! inan. | ! inan. | ||
| '''- | | '''-ant''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ta- -nu''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! dl | ! dl | ||
| '''- | | '''-naya''' | ||
| | | '''yi- -ina''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! pl | ||
| '''- | | '''-ant''' | ||
| ''' | | '''ta- -u''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br clear="both" /> | <br clear="both" /> | ||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
Weddish verbs take affixes for aspect, then use auxiliaries for tense and mood. | Weddish verbs take affixes for aspect, then use auxiliaries for tense and mood. | ||