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Anbirese: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
Old Anbirese underwent the so-called Anbirese spirantization of [[Tigol]] aspirated stops: ''p ṗ t ṫ c ċ'' /pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ kʰ gʰ/ > OAnb /f v θ ð x ɣ/. Modern Anbirese subsequently shifted /θ/ to unaspirated /t/, /t/ (from Tigol ''d'') to /tʰ/, /ð/ to /z/, and deleted /ɣ/. | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
Anbirese has about 33 consonants: | Anbirese has about 33 consonants: | ||
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===Mutations=== | ===Mutations=== | ||
Anbirese has 3 types of mutations: lenition, eclipsis, and h-prothesis. | Anbirese has 3 types of mutations: lenition, eclipsis, and h-prothesis. | ||
{| class=" | {| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|+ '''Consonant mutations''' | |+ '''Consonant mutations''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|grapheme | !|grapheme | ||
|''m''||''p | |''m''||''p''||''f''||''t''||''θ''||''c''||''s''<sup>*</sup>||''z''||''k''||''χ''||''0, j'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|soft | !|soft | ||
|''ng''||''b''||'' | |''ng''||''b''||''h''||''z''||''d''||''dz''||''h''||''0''||''g''||''γ''||''-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|nasal | !|nasal | ||
|''-''||''m''||'' | |''-''||''m''||''v''||''nh''||''n''||''-''||''z''||''-''||''ng''||''ngh''||''n(j)-'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|h-prothesis | !|h-prothesis | ||
| Line 142: | Line 143: | ||
Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''eu'' /ɨ/ may be treated as a hard counterpart of ''i'' /i/: ''mi ni pi ti ci ki bi di gi fi vi'' are read as ''mji nji pji tji cji kji bji dji gji fji vji''. ''si zi li'' are an exception: they're pronounced [ɕi ʑi Li]. | Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''eu'' /ɨ/ may be treated as a hard counterpart of ''i'' /i/: ''mi ni pi ti ci ki bi di gi fi vi'' are read as ''mji nji pji tji cji kji bji dji gji fji vji''. ''si zi li'' are an exception: they're pronounced [ɕi ʑi Li]. | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class=" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" | | ||