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(Fixed a few things, including typo in the native name. Thinking about removing the classmeter (per Chrys) and some of the more pretentious stuff) |
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{{Classmeter | {{Classmeter | ||
|Name = Danterske | |Name = Danterske | ||
|NativeName = | |NativeName = Даңтэршкэ | ||
|Type = Agglutinative | |Type = Agglutinative | ||
|Alignment = Ergative-absolutive | |Alignment = Ergative-absolutive | ||
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| name = Danterian | | name = Danterian | ||
| altname = Dãterške, Danterske | | altname = Dãterške, Danterske | ||
| nativename = | | nativename = Даңтэршкэ<br>Даңтэрскэ атӕжӀұец | ||
| pronunciation = | | pronunciation = {{IPA|t̬ãtʰɛrʃkʰɛ}}<br>{{IPA|t̬ãtʰɛrskʰɛ atʰəʒd͡ʒyjet͡n̥}} | ||
| familycolor = altaic | | familycolor = altaic | ||
| fam1 = [[Constructed_language#a_priori_language|A priori languages]] | | fam1 = [[Constructed_language#a_priori_language|A priori languages]] | ||
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| imagecaption = The official flag of the Scientific Nation of Danterlokhan. | | imagecaption = The official flag of the Scientific Nation of Danterlokhan. | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Dãterške''' ( | '''Dãterške''' (Даңтэршкэ, Даңтэрскэ атӕжӀұец), also known as '''Danterian''' (English calque) and '''Danterske''', is an [[auxiliary language]] created by [[User:Учхљёная|Elliott Wheeler]] originally designed to suit the needs of the scientific community, as it varies by field. As such, the grammar was loosely modeled after the concepts behind several well-known processes in physical sciences. | ||
A significant portion of its morphology, if not its main purpose, is comprised of native terms and according interactions for scientific terms, technical jargon, and computer-language-derivatives. It's also | A significant portion of its morphology, if not its main purpose, is comprised of native terms and according interactions for scientific terms, technical jargon, and computer-language-derivatives. It's also designed to lack multiple synonyms for definitions and has an inherent goal of disambiguation, which together makes it relatively difficult to have a colloquial version of the language completely suited for daily life on Earth. | ||
Due to several drastic changes during the course of its development, along with being her first language created, the language is loosely based off of [[:w:Altaic languages|Proto-Altaic]], various [[:w:Slavic languages|Slavic languages]], [[:w:Proto-Northwest Caucasian language|Proto-Northwest-Caucasian]], and her native idiolect of English, but is ultimately [[A priori|a priori]]. | Due to several drastic changes during the course of its development, along with being her first language created, the language is loosely based off of [[:w:Altaic languages|Proto-Altaic]], various [[:w:Slavic languages|Slavic languages]], [[:w:Proto-Northwest Caucasian language|Proto-Northwest-Caucasian]], and her native idiolect of English, but is ultimately [[A priori|a priori]]. | ||
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
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More letters were almost certainly added later. This was probably an attempt of an English spelling reform that I decided to use to improve English as a whole, but then evolved into an entirely separate language that I decided to develop as my early knowledge of linguistics grew. | More letters were almost certainly added later. This was probably an attempt of an English spelling reform that I decided to use to improve English as a whole, but then evolved into an entirely separate language that I decided to develop as my early knowledge of linguistics grew. | ||
As the language grew, the document where I stored the language's lexicon was named after its first proper word, [[Contionary:кражңа#Dãterške|кражңа]], literally translating as "The Index of the Frontier" (Кљіха ды Кражңа). At the time of writing this, the index lists approximately 967 morphemes; | As the language grew, the document where I stored the language's lexicon was named after its first proper word, [[Contionary:кражңа#Dãterške|кражңа]], literally translating as "The Index of the Frontier" (Кљіха ды Кражңа). At the time of writing this, the index lists approximately 967 morphemes; enough of the language to derive a dictionary from such, but less in that various crucial notes and sketches are recorded elsewhere. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
The | The orthography of Dãterške is a monocase [[:w:Russian orthography|Russian]]-inspired Cyrillic alphabet, and is mostly to entirely phonemic, if not phonetic, in that each letter corresponds directly to a single (1) sound or modification on a sound (such as [◌ʼ], [◌ˤ], [◌̃], etC). It's important to note that, unlike many languages, the characters for these modifications, excluding nasalization (ң) and pʼ'aločka (Ӏ), represent phonemes to themselves and not merely modifiers for a grapheme or phoneme. However, an exception to both axioms here could be the usage of the digraphs «щӀ» & «җӀ» to represent the consonantal sequences /ʃt͡ʃ/ & /ʒd͡ʒ/, respectfully. | ||
Because of its relatively large phonemic inventory, the language had to use relatively unconventional uses and extensions for the letters in modern Cyrillic. This, combined with its monocase typography & usage of circum-sentence punctuation in a manner standardized from Spanish, makes a uniquely recognizable written language. Listed below are all of the characters in the alphabet and associated values in other systems, in no particular order due to the lack of | Because of its relatively large phonemic inventory, the language had to use relatively unconventional uses and extensions for the letters in modern Cyrillic. This, combined with its monocase typography & usage of circum-sentence punctuation in a manner standardized from Spanish, makes a uniquely recognizable written language. Listed below are all of the characters in the alphabet and associated values in other systems, in no particular order due to the lack of any non-arbitrary glyph-order for the language, where the Latin letters in parentheses represent the Danterian transliteration specifically, in contrast to the ISO 9 equivalent(s). | ||
{| class="sortable bluetable" style="background:white; text-align:left;" | {| class="sortable bluetable" style="background:white; text-align:left;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| ь | | ь | ||
| /j/~/◌ʲ/ | | /j/~/◌ʲ/ | ||
| | | <i>йерь</i> | ||
| /{{IPA|jerʲ}}/ | | /{{IPA|jerʲ}}/ | ||
| ′ (j) | | ′ (j) | ||
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| ъ | | ъ | ||
| /w/~/◌ʷ/ | | /w/~/◌ʷ/ | ||
| | | <i>ўеръ</i> | ||
| /{{IPA|werʷ}}/ | | /{{IPA|werʷ}}/ | ||
| ″ (w) | | ″ (w) | ||
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| ҍ | | ҍ | ||
| /ʕ/~/◌ˤ/ | | /ʕ/~/◌ˤ/ | ||
| | | <i>ӑерҍ</i> | ||
| /{{IPA|ʕerˤ}}/ | | /{{IPA|ʕerˤ}}/ | ||
| ‴ (ʿ) | | ‴ (ʿ) | ||
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===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
Another relatively unique feature of the language is that it has no phonemic stress, intonation, or even syllable-boundaries, thus forcing both the speaker & listener either to innovate all the likely possibilities of the prosody of a given sentence or analyze it purely as a sequence of sounds. However, it is important to note that, at least for casual speech, primary stress and/or hiğ-tone is often placed on the initial syllable of a word, and secondary stress and/or mid-tone is often [[:w:trochee|trochaic]] (placed in repeating patterns of stressed-unstressed) from the beginning of the word. An exception to the rule of casual stress would be a syllable containing a lengthened or ава ( | Another relatively unique feature of the language is that it has no phonemic stress, intonation, or even syllable-boundaries, thus forcing both the speaker & listener either to innovate all the likely possibilities of the prosody of a given sentence or analyze it purely as a sequence of sounds. However, it is important to note that, at least for casual speech, primary stress and/or hiğ-tone is often placed on the initial syllable of a word, and secondary stress and/or mid-tone is often [[:w:trochee|trochaic]] (placed in repeating patterns of stressed-unstressed) from the beginning of the word. An exception to the rule of casual stress would be a syllable containing a lengthened or ава (rough) vowel, which is stressed by default. | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
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*W = Semivowel | *W = Semivowel | ||
#/r/, /rʲ/, /r̃/ cannot immediately follow a Palato-alveolar consonant. | #/r/, /rʲ/, /r̃/ cannot immediately follow a Palato-alveolar consonant. | ||
#Unstressed /ʲi/, /ʲe/, /ʲø/, /ʲɒ/, /ʲo/, /ʲɯ/ cannot | #Unstressed /ʲi/, /ʲe/, /ʲø/, /ʲɒ/, /ʲo/, /ʲɯ/ cannot precede liquids and will become lengthened /ː/ and/or undergo ава-ућу mutation. | ||
#Adjacent consonants with multiple similar features may merge (their Places of Articulation). | #Adjacent consonants with multiple similar features may merge (their Places of Articulation). | ||
#Lenis Stops are not released syllable-finally or preceding other Stops. | #Lenis Stops are not released syllable-finally or preceding other Stops. | ||
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==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
The constituent order of the language is relatively | The constituent order of the language is relatively straightforward, being almost exclusively SOV in almost all instances. Other words-orders (commonly SVO) may be used occasionally for poetic effect, but such must be clearly marked with affices denoting their grammatical role, often merely to avoid ambiguity. | ||
===Noun phrase=== | ===Noun phrase=== | ||
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{{Swadesh | {{Swadesh | ||
|language=Dãterške | |language=Dãterške | ||
|nativename= | |nativename=Даңтэршкэ | ||
|I=хж | |I=хж | ||
|you (singular)=хи | |you (singular)=хи |
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