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Albionian: Difference between revisions
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| '''s''' /s/ | | '''s''' /s/ | ||
| ''' | | '''ꞅ''' /ʃ/ || '''ꞅč''' /ɕː/ || || '''-t''' ''etc.'' /h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
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The formal language also has (strictly anaphoric) demonstratives ''tet (NOUN) zde'' or (pronominal) ''tet sam'' which is most commonly used to disambiguate the referent, like similar usage of German ''dieser''. | The formal language also has (strictly anaphoric) demonstratives ''tet (NOUN) zde'' or (pronominal) ''tet sam'' which is most commonly used to disambiguate the referent, like similar usage of German ''dieser''. | ||
*person: kto, tet/ta (NOUN) seam, tet/ta (NOUN) tam, nikt, neakto, wꞅekt/každej | *person: kto, tet/ta (NOUN) seam, tet/ta (NOUN) tam, nikt, neakto, wꞅekt/každej | ||
*thing: þo, to (NOUN) seam, to (NOUN) tam, niþ, nieþo, | *thing: þo, to (NOUN) seam, to (NOUN) tam, niþ, nieþo, wꞅeþ | ||
*modifier: akej/kterej, takej ... seam, takej ... tam, žaden (with negative; ''aden'' with negative in flowery language), neajakej, wꞅestek/každej | *modifier: akej/kterej, takej ... seam, takej ... tam, žaden (with negative; ''aden'' with negative in flowery language), neajakej, wꞅestek/každej | ||
*when: kdy, nyn, tom, nikdy, neakdy, | *when: kdy, nyn, tom, nikdy, neakdy, wꞅewynþ | ||
*where: kde, seam/tundy/tunde, tam, nikde, neakde, | *where: kde, seam/tundy/tunde, tam, nikde, neakde, wꞅekde | ||
*whither: kam, seam, tam, nikam, neakam, wꞅekam | *whither: kam, seam, tam, nikam, neakam, wꞅekam | ||
*whence: ''od'' + "where"-words | *whence: ''od'' + "where"-words | ||
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*''est'' and ''sunt'' are used for 3sg and 3pl present of ''baịt'' (The modern forms ''les/os'' and ''len/lesun/òn/osun'' are from ''gleḋ/ot est'' 'here is' and ''gleḋ/ot sunt''.) | *''est'' and ''sunt'' are used for 3sg and 3pl present of ''baịt'' (The modern forms ''les/os'' and ''len/lesun/òn/osun'' are from ''gleḋ/ot est'' 'here is' and ''gleḋ/ot sunt''.) | ||
*definite articles in genitive phrases: a genitive phrase of the form X DEF.GEN Y.GEN is implied to be definite (cf. Hebrew and Irish). On the other hand, Modern Albionian usually requires X to take the definite article as well. | *definite articles in genitive phrases: a genitive phrase of the form X DEF.GEN Y.GEN is implied to be definite (cf. Hebrew and Irish). On the other hand, Modern Albionian usually requires X to take the definite article as well. | ||
*The use of ''-li'' on verbs for interrogatives: '' | *The use of ''-li'' on verbs for interrogatives: ''znạꞅ-li?'' 'dost thou know? kennst du?' This still survives as a way to mark conditional clauses in modern formal language. | ||
*''-mo'' is sometimes used instead of ''-m'' for dative (but not instrumental) singular masculine and neuter adjectives and pronouns: ''spiewejte jemo pieseň nowa'' 'sing unto him a new song', ''prechodnejmo'' 'fleeting'. ''-mo'' is still found in literary poetry but it doesn't consistently correspond to the Proto-Slavic dative. <!-- I chose to change mu to mo to make it sound like Archaic Biblical Hebrew -ėmo --> | *''-mo'' is sometimes used instead of ''-m'' for dative (but not instrumental) singular masculine and neuter adjectives and pronouns: ''spiewejte jemo pieseň nowa'' 'sing unto him a new song', ''prechodnejmo'' 'fleeting'. ''-mo'' is still found in literary poetry but it doesn't consistently correspond to the Proto-Slavic dative. <!-- I chose to change mu to mo to make it sound like Archaic Biblical Hebrew -ėmo --> | ||
*Adjectives may come before nouns. | *Adjectives may come before nouns. | ||