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Hantza/Verbs: Difference between revisions
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==Mode== | ==Mode== | ||
Grammatical tense is not a significant category in Hantza verbs (though there is an overt morphological future/non-future distinction). Verbs are instead aspect and mood heavy. This conflation of tense, aspect and mood is termed "mode" in Hantza; there are thirteen such modes. These are divided into three categories. Categories I and II can co-occur with one another but category III prefixes cannot occur with any other mode prefixes. Category I prefixes denote "primary aspect", category II "secondary aspect" and category III "deontic". | Grammatical tense is not a significant category in Hantza verbs (though there is an overt morphological future/non-future distinction). Verbs are instead aspect and mood heavy. This conflation of tense, aspect and mood is termed "mode" in Hantza; there are thirteen such modes. These are divided into three categories. Categories I and II can co-occur with one another but category III prefixes cannot occur with any other mode prefixes. Category I prefixes denote "primary aspect", category II "secondary aspect" and category III "deontic". | ||
Category I - primary aspect: | Category I - primary aspect: | ||
* Imperfective (unmarked) | * Imperfective (unmarked) | ||
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* Retrospective | * Retrospective | ||
* Future | * Future | ||
Category II - secondary aspect: | Category II - secondary aspect: | ||
* Inchoative | * Inchoative | ||
* Cessative | * Cessative | ||
* Irrealis | * Irrealis | ||
Category III - deontic: | Category III - deontic: | ||
* Optative | * Optative | ||