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Zemljask: Difference between revisions
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|dia6 = Triestino/Southern (''Tragešćask'') | |dia6 = Triestino/Southern (''Tragešćask'') | ||
|dia7 = Dalmatian (''Dalmacask'') | |dia7 = Dalmatian (''Dalmacask'') | ||
|speakers = 4 575 376<ref>Večeslava - Novi Zemljask V 2012</ref> | |||
|date = 2012 census | |||
|stand1 = Standard Zemljask | |stand1 = Standard Zemljask | ||
|script1 = Latn | |script1 = Latn | ||
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==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
In [[w:English_Language|English]], the name of the language, Zemlian (officially Zemljask) derives directly from the name of the country - Zemlia. This name, in turn, derives from Zemljask "Zemlja", meaning land. This is a shortening of the traditional, now patriotic, Naša Zemlja (lit. our land) which, over time, became simply Zemlia. The name for the language is a derivative of this, being composed of the roots [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zem%C4%BEa|zemľa]]+[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-%D1%8Csk%D1%8A|-ьskъ]], forming Zemľьskъ, which evolved into the modern Zemljask. | In [[w:English_Language|English]], the name of the language, Zemlian (officially Zemljask) derives directly from the name of the country - Zemlia. This name, in turn, derives from Zemljask "Zemlja", meaning land. This is a shortening of the traditional, now patriotic, Naša Zemlja (lit. our land) which, over time, became simply Zemlia. The name for the language is a derivative of this, being composed of the roots [[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zem%C4%BEa|zemľa]]+[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-%D1%8Csk%D1%8A|-ьskъ]]<ref>Večeslava - Novi Zemljask V 2012</ref>, forming Zemľьskъ, which evolved into the modern Zemljask. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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! Back | ! Back | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | ! | ||
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! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]] | ! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]] | ||
| [[w:IPA link|e]] | | [[w:IPA link|e]] | ||
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# The syllabic consonant [r̩] is typically (and officially permitted to be) pronounced as [ər]. | # The syllabic consonant [r̩] is typically (and officially permitted to be) pronounced as [ər]. | ||
# the vowels [ɛ] and [ɔ] are both phonetic and phonemic, being vowels in their own right (written as <è> and <ò> respectively) as well as allophones of [e] and [o] when preceeded by a Soft-Consonant. | # the vowels [ɛ] and [ɔ] are both phonetic and phonemic, being vowels in their own right (written as <è> and <ò> respectively) as well as allophones of [e] and [o] when preceeded by a Soft-Consonant. | ||
===Prosody=== | |||
Stress in Zemljask, in theory, is unpredictable, however it most often is placed moderately heavily on the initial syllable. | |||
# Alovac [ˈalovat͡s] | |||
# Alovca [alˈoʋt͡sa] | |||
This root demostrates both initial and penultimate stress - like all polysyllabic nouns with a mobile vowel. | |||
# Fanèla | |||
In most Illyrian loans, and a few native Zemljask words, the stress falls on the penultimate syllable. | |||
# Gavati | |||
For verbs, the stress on the infinitive is penultimate, while the primary stress when conjugated falls upon the root-final syllable. | |||
==Morphophonology== | |||
There exists in Zemljask a rich morphophonology of numerous variation in stems that take place under a variety of conditions: | |||
# Consonants are split into hard and soft, based on their phonetic value and may alternate between these forms under certain conditions (typically Hard to Soft): | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 50em; text-align: center; border-collapse:collapse;" | |||
! colspan="23" | Table of Alternations | |||
|- | |||
| Hard || m || n || p || b || t || d || k || g || f || v || s || z || - || - || - || - || - || - || - || h || l || - | |||
|- | |||
| Soft || mlj || nj || plj || blj || ć || dź || č || dž || flj || vlj || š || ž || š || ž || č || dž || ć || dź || š || rj/š || lj || j | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||