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Falamu: Difference between revisions
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→Phonological history
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{| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center; | {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center; | ||
|+ Phonological correspondences between Portuguese and Falamu | |+ Phonological correspondences between Portuguese and Falamu | ||
! colspan="2"|Portuguese !! rowspan="2"|Falamu | ! colspan="2"|Portuguese !! rowspan="2"|Falamu !! rowspan="2" | Remarks | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Grapheme !! Environment | ! Grapheme !! Environment | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ch || all || rowspan="5" | j | | ch || all || rowspan="5" | j || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| j || initial or after consonant | | j || initial or after consonant || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| g || initial or after consonant before e/i | | g || initial or after consonant before e/i || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| di || rowspan="2"|unstressed before vowels | | di || rowspan="2"|unstressed before vowels || Sometimes maintained as ''d(i)''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ti | | ti || Sometimes maintained as ''t(i)''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| x || all as /ʃ/ || rowspan="3" | x | | x || all as /ʃ/ || rowspan="3" | x || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| j || after vowels | | j || after vowels || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| g || after vowels before e/i | | g || after vowels before e/i || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| u || as semivowel || rowspan="3" | w | | u || as semivowel || rowspan="3" | w || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| gu || word-initial; as /ɡw/ between vowels | | gu || word-initial; as /ɡw/ between vowels || Sometimes maintained as ''g(w)'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2"|v || initial before non-rounded vowel | | rowspan="2"|v || initial before non-rounded vowel || rowspan="2" | Sometimes becomes ''b'' when ''w'' is expected or vice versa, and sometimes becomes ''f''. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| non-initial; initial before rounded vowel || rowspan="3" | b | | non-initial; initial before rounded vowel || rowspan="3" | b | ||
|- | |- | ||
| p || rowspan="2" | all | | p || rowspan="2" | all || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| b | | b || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| s || rowspan="5" | all || rowspan="7" | s | | s || rowspan="5" | all || rowspan="7" | s || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ss | | ss || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| z | | z || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ç | | ç || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| sç | | sç | ||
|- | |- | ||
| c || rowspan="2"|before e/i | | c || rowspan="2"|before e/i || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| sc | | sc || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| lh || all || rowspan="2"| y | <!-- | ||
| lh || all || rowspan="2"| y || | |||
|- | |- | ||
| i || as semivowel | | i || as semivowel || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | --> | ||
| lh || usually || dh || Sometimes becomes ''y'' or ''l''. | |||
|- | |- | ||
| from earlier ''- | | rowspan="2" | -ão || from earlier ''-an'' or ''-ano'' || -an || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| from earlier ''-on'' || -on || | |||
|- | |||
<!-- | |||
| nd || usually || ndh | | nd || usually || ndh | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| nc, nqu || usually || ng | | nc, nqu || usually || ng | ||
|- | |- | ||
--> | |||
|} | |} | ||