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Brittainese: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
The Brittainese phonology differs from all modern Romance | The Brittainese phonology differs from all modern Romance language, through the retention of archaisms, innovation and foreign influence. It has retained the [[w:Proto-West-Romance|Proto West Romance]] voiced dental fricative /ð/ and has developed its allophonic lengthening of vowels into a phonemic distinction of length, a distinction rare in modern Romance Languages. | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
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Notes: | Notes: | ||
* Unvoiced stops are most often | * Unvoiced stops are most often unaspirated. | ||
* [ŋ] is only an allophone of /n/ preceding /k/ or /g/. | * [ŋ] is only an allophone of /n/ preceding /k/ or /g/. | ||
* /θ/ is only marginally phonemic in Brittainese, only appearing in loan words, names and is a common realisation of the cluster /ðs/. | * /θ/ is only marginally phonemic in Brittainese, only appearing in loan words, names and is a common realisation of the cluster /ðs/. | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Vowels in Brittainese | Vowels in Brittainese vary greatly between dialects. Below is listed one rendering of the vowels for the Standard Brittainese, Brittish Brittainese and American dialects, although the view in the matter may differ among specialists. | ||
<div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;"> | <div style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; margin-right: 1em;"> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
====Vowel Length==== | ====Vowel Length==== | ||
Vowel length is phonemic in Standard Brittainese, but is only contrastive | Vowel length is phonemic in Standard Brittainese, but is only contrastive in the primarily stressed syllable. It arose from the allophonic vowel length of Proto-West-Romance, that became phonemic due to the loss of many vowels in the Old Brittainse stage of the language. Vowels will always be long in open syllables, but may be either long or short in closed syllables. | ||
Vowel length used to be phonemic in all Brittainese dialects, although this has been lost in favor of a lax/tense distinction in American Brittainese. It was instead replaced by an allophonic lengthening of stressed vowels in open syllables and final syllables with a one-consonant coda. | Vowel length used to be phonemic in all Brittainese dialects, although this has been lost in favor of a lax/tense distinction in American Brittainese. It was instead replaced by an allophonic lengthening of stressed vowels in open syllables and final syllables with a one-consonant coda. | ||
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===Stress=== | ===Stress=== | ||
Most Brittainese words can receive both primary and secondary stress. Only a few words receive no stress, such as articles, clitics, prepositions e.t.c. The primary stress is phonemic, but is most often given to the last full syllable. In that case, a secondary stress is given to the first vowel (unless it is in an | Most Brittainese words can receive both primary and secondary stress. Only a few words receive no stress, such as articles, clitics, prepositions e.t.c. The placement of the primary stress is phonemic, but is most often given to the last full syllable. In that case, a secondary stress is given to the first vowel (unless it is in an adjacent syllable to that of the stressed vowel). Some words however have their stress on another vowel than the last full. In addition to the secondary stress on the first syllable, they also receive a secondary stress on the last vowel (unless it is in an adjacent syllable to that of the stressed vowel). | ||
Compound words created from two or more words keep their original secondary stress, but the primary stress of all words but the last are converted to secondary stress, leaving only one vowel with primary stress. | Compound words created from two or more words keep their original secondary stress, but the primary stress of all words but the last are converted to secondary stress, leaving only one vowel with primary stress. | ||