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Meskangela: Difference between revisions
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===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Classical Meskangela has five verb classes, based on their stem ending: | |||
*'''class I''': stem ends in a vowel (including diphthongs) – ''lwān/lwajan'' “to be easy”, ''bëjan'' “to give”; | |||
*'''class II''': stem ends in ''-n'' – ''ryunan'' “to flow”, ''khanan'' “to shine”, ''wīnan'' “to be far”; | |||
*'''class III''': stem ends in ''-l'' – ''stalan'' “to acquire”, ''zēlan'' “to be surrounded”, ''sëkīlan'' “to bind”; | |||
*'''class IV''': stem ends in ''-s'' or ''-r'' – ''gunasan'' “to rest”, ''khoran'' “to cry”, ''bëskyuran'' “to interpret/to translate”; | |||
*'''class V''': stem ends in other consonants – ''cyukan'' “to trust”, ''latatan'' “to observe”, ''chōtan'' “to be pierced”. | |||
Each class has its own conjugation pattern. | |||
====Intransitive verbs==== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=2| | |||
! colspan=5| Present | |||
! colspan=5| Preterite | |||
|- | |||
! <small>singular</small> | |||
!<small>dual incl.</small> | |||
!<small>dual. excl.</small> | |||
!<small>plur. incl.</small> | |||
!<small>plur. excl.</small> | |||
! <small>singular</small> | |||
!<small>dual incl.</small> | |||
!<small>dual. excl.</small> | |||
!<small>plur. incl.</small> | |||
!<small>plur. excl.</small> | |||
|- | |||
! 1st person | |||
| ''-ŋa'' | |||
| ''-ci'' | |||
| ''-ce'' | |||
| ''-ŋi'' | |||
| ''-ŋe'' | |||
| ''-iŋka'' | |||
| ''-isti'' | |||
| ''-icce'' | |||
| ''-inkyi'' | |||
| ''-inkye'' | |||
|- | |||
! 2nd person | |||
| ''-na'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-nsi'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-ni'' | |||
| ''-inta'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-issyi'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-intyi'' | |||
|- | |||
! 3rd person | |||
| ''-ka'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-ŋki'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-kyi'' | |||
| ''-ikka'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-iski'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-ikkyi'' | |||
|- | |||
! Inanimate | |||
| ''-ā'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-sye'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-ai'' | |||
| ''-itā'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-istye'' | |||
| colspan=2| ''-itai'' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
====Transitive verbs==== | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||