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Valthungian: Difference between revisions
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*<span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">Strong</span> | *<span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">Strong</span> | ||
*<span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">Weak</span> | *<span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">Weak</span> | ||
*<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">Determiner</span> | |||
*<span style="background-color:#FF9999;">Non-declining Genitive</span> | |||
When a noun is modified by an adjective alone (with no determiner present), the adjective takes the strong declension. | When a noun is modified by an adjective alone (with no determiner present), the adjective takes the strong declension. | ||
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When paired with a third person possessive (is, ižas, or iža), an adjective also takes the strong declension: | When paired with a third person possessive (is, ižas, or iža), an adjective also takes the strong declension: | ||
*''is ražna <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">rǭðat</span>'' ‘his red house’ | *''<span style="background-color:#FF9999;">is</span> ražna <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">rǭðat</span>'' ‘his red house’ | ||
*''ižas miðus <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">glitnaþs</span>'' ‘her sparkling mead’ | *''<span style="background-color:#FF9999;">ižas</span> miðus <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">glitnaþs</span>'' ‘her sparkling mead’ | ||
*''iža vituvne <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">frobúðna</span>'' ‘their forbidden knowledge’ | *''<span style="background-color:#FF9999;">iža</span> vituvne <span style="background-color:#FF99FF;">frobúðna</span>'' ‘their forbidden knowledge’ | ||
When one of the above possessives is used without an adjective, they follow the noun. | When one of the above possessives is used without an adjective, they follow the noun. | ||
*''ražna is ‘his house’ | *''ražna <span style="background-color:#FF9999;">is</span> ‘his house’ | ||
*''miðus ižas ‘her mead’ | *''miðus <span style="background-color:#FF9999;">ižas</span> ‘her mead’ | ||
*''vituvne iža ‘their knowledge’ | *''vituvne <span style="background-color:#FF9999;">iža</span> ‘their knowledge’ | ||
When a determiner is present, the adjective takes a weak declension. | When a determiner is present, the adjective takes a weak declension. | ||
*''hreužitaþ ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">rǭða</span>'' ‘every red house’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">hreužitaþ</span> ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">rǭða</span>'' ‘every red house’ | ||
*''mīns miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">glitnaða</span>'' ‘my sparkling mead’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">mīns</span> miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">glitnaða</span>'' ‘my sparkling mead’ | ||
*''so vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">frobúðna</span>'' ‘the forbidden knowledge’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">so</span> vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">frobúðna</span>'' ‘the forbidden knowledge’ | ||
When a possessive is used with an adjective (as in mīns miðus glitnaða, above), the possessive precedes the noun and takes a strong declension while the adjective takes the weak; however, when no adjective is present, a definite article precedes the noun, and the weak-declined possessive follows it. | When a possessive is used with an adjective (as in mīns miðus glitnaða, above), the possessive precedes the noun and takes a strong declension while the adjective takes the weak; however, when no adjective is present, a definite article precedes the noun, and the weak-declined possessive follows it. | ||
*''þa ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">mīna</span>'' ‘my house’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">þa</span> ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">mīna</span>'' ‘my house’ | ||
*''sa miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">þīna</span>'' ‘your mead’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">sa</span> miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">þīna</span>'' ‘your mead’ | ||
*''so vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">unstra</span>'' ‘our knowledge’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">so</span> vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">unstra</span>'' ‘our knowledge’ | ||
When an adjective is used as a predicate, it takes the predicative form (not really a declension, because there is only one). | When an adjective is used as a predicate, it takes the predicative form (not really a declension, because there is only one). | ||
*''þa ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">mīna</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">rǭþ</span>.'' ‘my house is red’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">þa</span> ražna <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">mīna</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">rǭþ</span>.'' ‘my house is red’ | ||
*''sa miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">þīna</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">glitnaþ</span>.'' ‘your mead is sparkling’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">sa</span> miðus <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">þīna</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">glitnaþ</span>.'' ‘your mead is sparkling’ | ||
*''so vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">unstra</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">frobúðna</span>.'' ‘our knowledge is forbidden’ | *''<span style="background-color:#99FF99;">so</span> vituvne <span style="background-color:#99FFFF;">unstra</span> ist <span style="background-color:#FFFF99;">frobúðna</span>.'' ‘our knowledge is forbidden’ | ||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
'''[[:Category: Valthungian words|Valthungian Words on Contionary]]''' | '''[[:Category: Valthungian words|Valthungian Words on Contionary]]''' | ||