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== Constructed Language AYBAY CONLANG (ABCL) == | == Constructed Language AYBAY CONLANG (ABCL) == | ||
“AyBay ConLang”, (abbreviated as ABCL) is a constructed language (conlang), developed and issued by Dr. Aydin Baykara in 2022. It is an a priori language, which means that the complete vocabulary has been created entirely new, starting from zero. ABCL is a conlang containing partly the features of philosophical and logical languages. It is less agglutinative, but fairly inflective and derivative too. | “AyBay ConLang”, (abbreviated as ABCL) is a constructed language (conlang), developed and issued by Dr. Aydin Baykara in 2022. It is an a priori language, which means that the complete vocabulary has been created entirely new, starting from zero. ABCL is a conlang containing partly the features of philosophical and logical languages. It is less agglutinative, but fairly inflective and derivative too. ABCL is free for everyone except for commercial use. | ||
Living world languages are difficult to learn also because of many irregularities, ambiguities and of grammatical rules of differing complexity. Most of the conlangs aim to be easy learning international auxiliary language (IAL) by avoiding them. Accordingly such a conlang –to be easy and simple- should fulfil the following conditions: | Living world languages are difficult to learn also because of many irregularities, ambiguities and of grammatical rules of differing complexity. Most of the conlangs aim to be easy learning international auxiliary language (IAL) by avoiding them. Accordingly such a conlang –to be easy and simple- should fulfil the following conditions: | ||
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|şe.min*||best wishes||(I wish you) the best | |şe.min*||best wishes||(I wish you) the best | ||
|- | |- | ||
|a bek||I’m sorry | |(a) bek||I’m sorry | ||
|- | |- | ||
|abu.cam**||Happy New Year | |abu.cam**||Happy New Year | ||
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.** Although New Year means "cambe", only first syllable "cam" indicating the class "time" is taken and suffixed to "abu=happy" building one word for the sake of shortness and simplicity. The same apples also to the following phrases. | .** Although New Year means "cambe", only first syllable "cam" indicating the class "time" is taken and suffixed to "abu=happy" building one word for the sake of shortness and simplicity. The same apples also to the following phrases. | ||
== SYNTAX of ABCL == | |||
Syntax has a defined, fixed order (SVO) as below: | |||
(question: “J” as prefix/particle or interrogative words) - subject noun/preposition-(modal).verb.tempus suffix.(negotion_x) - adverb - adjective - (first=accusative)object noun/pronoun - preposition(if necessary) - (adjective, if any) - (second) indirect ablative object noun – (preposition, if neceassary) - (adjective, if any) (third) indirect dative/locative noun. Adjective phrases will be placed before the noun they modify. In case of many object nouns, they keep the sequence accusative, ablative, dative, locative. If a sentnce has many objects it would be advisable to use prepositions. I preferred SVO because the verb, as primary and basic element of an expression should be also placed before the object. | |||
Noun-, adjective-, relative- and adverbial clauses will be placed after the verb/noun/adjective/adverb they modify. Relative clauses follow the noun or noun phrase that they modify. The clauses can be formed by the interrogative words as relative/adjective clauses or as noun clauses as in English. However for the first level, we think one or two (“am” and “um” in ABCL) conjunctive partical would be sufficient for the speaker to express what he wants. Because, the noun or phrase to be modified will be indicated by these modifiers so that from the formation of both parts the meaning will be clear in many cases even without utilizing interrogative modifiers such as when, which, who etc. For “that, who, whom, what and which” as “subordinating subclauses” “em” can be used collectively instead. | |||
ABCL does not use English “it” as complimentary subject as “it snows” and “it is important”. We say “venre ven.e = snow falls” and “ebo = important (dropping “it is”)”. For the latter case we need for future (it will) and past (it was) however the verb (to be) “bab” as modal i.e. “bab.a” and “bab.o”. | |||
== LEXICON == | |||
ABCL lexicon has been set up as Excel matrixes separated for nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctives-prepositions and pronouns for ABCL-English. Easiest way is to use the search function of the Excel table in both direction. The matrixes could be also used to include a third language (e.g. native language) by the right-click "explanation button". The access to the Table is possible through the URL page of Aybay for the interested conlangers. | |||
== SAMPLE TEXT == | |||
Here is a paragraph from “The Old Man and the Sea” translated in ABCL (The partical in parenthesis indicates that it can be omitted for the first level. As seen, in English almost 60 percent more letters are required for the same expression. | |||
“I can remember you throwing me into the bow where the wet coiled lines were '''[A b.maz.e (am) o kap.u a an çikşi ot epi.x kıp.amo tümle.s bab.o]''' and feeling the whole boat shiver and the noise of you clubbing him '''[es am a bat.o am ma hunmi şay.o es vanzı (ov) o pıl.aka u]''' like chopping a tree down and the sweet blood smell all over me.” '''[aç dov.aka şirye oyö es ebe sanna böz.aya şü iy a]''' | |||
The ABCL text now put to gather (dots "." indicating suffixes dropped): | |||
'''A bmaze (am) o kapu a an çikşi ot epix kıpamo tümles babo es am a bato am ma hunmi şayo es vanzı (ov) o pılaka u aç dovaka şirye oyö es ebe sanna bözaya şü iy a. | |||
''' | |||
(109 letters only, where the English text utilized 162 letters for the same.) | |||
ABCL is considered completely developed for Level 1 with basic nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions particals, prepositions and pronouns already. The lexicon with about 8000 vocabulary would be sufficient for a fair communication. | |||
Below is the a large text translation from: paragraph by paragraph) | |||
'''The Old Man and the Sea''' | |||
'''''Solba (emax solmo) es Vinpe''''' | |||
He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. | |||
''U bab.o solba em(it) top.u şenbe ayü.çe (in) hunpi in G-S es u yal.u six ki camsa uço çx kan.aka şenbe. İn çi kix camsa solso bab.u iç u. '' | |||
But after forty days without a fish the boy’s parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally salao, which is | |||
the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. | |||
As üş kix camsa iç.x şenbe, solso.z salbai çey.ö u am solba bab.o uço etu.çi es ünu “salao”, em(et) bab.e ''(benne.dox.ka.z[ab1] ), (benne.l.x.ı.z) (edi.x benne.z)'' bennü.z şe edi.x vusbo, es solso yal.o un üz pac.aya (in) şü hunpi, em kan.o fi edi şenbe bi.ği campa. | |||
It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that was furled around the mast. | |||
Bay.şe solba um yam.o şö camsa iç uz ezu.x hunpi, mel.o solso ava.x es u oçi yal.o oyö (aş) fag.şe(aka?) u kün.aka üs kıp.amo tümlei or tümpe es tümre es hunti um köc.ö.n (ük) hunşi. | |||
The sail was patched with flour sacks and furled, it looked like the flag permanent defeat of. | |||
Hunti düz.ö.n iç denki dünlü.i es kac.amo, u boy.o eş egü mönpü.z çanla. | |||
The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. | |||
Solba bab.o eke.x es eke.x iç egi çud.şe.i in uz sinbe.z vunyü. | |||
The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer (which) the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic see were on his cheeks. | |||
Avo sanpa tenkö.z hu yüb.şe.i em vesne kin.e aç uz vap.aya (on) vinmö.do vinpe bab.o (on) uz senzü.i. | |||
The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. | |||
Yüb.şe.i yin.o abu oyö uz sense.z vunze.i es uz sintei man.o egi-çüd.amo tünyei aç sop.aka eşe şenbe on tümyei. | |||
But none of these scars were fresh.They were as old as(kadar) erosions in a fishless desert. | |||
As ''(işüx ov se tünye.i)'' se tünye.i.z işüx bab.o efi. Ü bab.o ay.ema.x(al ema.x al) vanço in şenbe.dox vinşi. | |||
Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated. | |||
İşü iş u bab.o emax eç uz senge.i es ü bab.o şi binye eş vinpe es bab.o mas.ado es pik.amo.x. | |||
“Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the skiff was hauled up. | |||
“Santiago,” solso çay.o u al ü yüş.o çanma itoç hunpi kec.o öyo. | |||
“I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.” | |||
“A byal.u iç o öye. E bay.o mö pisye” | |||
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. | |||
Solba dap.ü solso kon.şe şenbe es solko bas.o u. | |||
“No,” the old man said. “You’re with a lucky boat. Stay with them.” | |||
“Ya,” solba çay.o. “O bab.o iç benne.do şenbe. üm.eş iç ü” | |||
“But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.” | |||
“As daz.eş üt o yal.o six pi camsa içx şenbe es ona e kon.o eme işu şu camsa ıl fi campa.” | |||
“I remember,” the old man said. “I know you did not leave me because you doubted.” | |||
“ A daz.e”, solba çay.o. “A mad.o o yag.o.x a ok o bep.ö.” | |||
“It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must obey him.” | |||
“U bab.o salna (ut)(mel.ö a yag.şe (yag.o.k a). A solso es a çfom.e u.” | |||
“I know,” the old man said. “It is quite ormal.” | |||
“A mad.o” solba çay.o“ U öşö benpü.do (ehö).” | |||
“He hasn’t much faith.” | |||
“U man.e.x şi bansu.” | |||
“No,” the old man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?” | |||
“Ya,” solba çay.o. “As e man.e. J.e man.e.x? | |||
‘Yes,” the boy said. “Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we’ll take the stuff home.” | |||
“Ay”, solko çay.o. “J.a b.huh.e o denku on) hande es ona e kan.a çancı hanya.” | |||
“Why not?” the old man said. “Between fishermen.” | |||
“Te.x?” Solba çay.o. “ Ak şenbe.na.i” | |||
They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. | |||
Ü yaş.o (on) hande es şenbe.na.i.z şi.kaka ''(şi.kaka üv şenbe.na.i)'' mel.o tom.aya (tomya) ov solba es u bab.o.x mönu.to (asö.x). | |||
Others of the older fishermen, looked at him and were sad. | |||
İpu.i ov şa ema.x şenbe.i bey.o u es bab.o ava.x. | |||
But they did not show it and they spoke politely about the current and the depths they had drifted their lines at and the steady good weather and of what they had seen. | |||
As ü kuy.o.x u es ü çan.o abi.çi iş honke es ehi.kaka (ot) ü kög.ö üz tümtei es egü edi vendi es ov at ü bay.o. | |||
The successful fishermen of that day were already in and had butchered their marlin out and carried them laid full length across two planks, with two men staggering at the end of each plank, to the fish house where they waited for the ice truck to carry them to the market in Havana. | |||
Sa camsa.z für.ado şenbe.nai bab.o ço in es dıl.o üz şenfi es kün.o ü (küz.amo?)küz.o.n ezu vusgu(ehe.kaka) iv çi hönfi, iç çi solmo gok.aka aş çonpu ov şö solmo, an şenbe salsa ot ü rep.ö aş vönmi hunfe im kün.şe ü (an) hinsi in Havanna. | |||
Those who had caught sharks had taken them to the shark factory on the other side of the cove where they were hoisted on a block and tackle, their livers removed, their fins cut off and their hides skinned out and their flesh cut into strips for salting. | |||
İso itü(em) kon.o şenhii, kan.o ü (an) şenhi hinbö (on) şü vunze ov vinle ot ü koc.o.n on koc.ana, üz sunra yöv.ö.n, üz süntü kas.o.n es üz sanpu dav.o.n es üz sanşa kas.o.n (in)(an) çanlo.s aş dengo.k.aka. | |||
When the wind was in the east a smell came across the harbour from the shark factory; but today there was only the faint edge of the odour because the wind had backed into the north and then dropped off and it was pleasant and sunny on the Terrace. | |||
Öt venbe bab.o in vunse böz.aya yam.o iv hünme aç şenhi hinbö; as üça bab.o üyi eşo vuskü ov böz.aya oy venbe sub.o in an vunne es ona şag.o es u bab.o ama es vesne.lo(do) (on) hande. | |||
“Santiago,” the boy said. | |||
“Santiago,” solko çay.o. | |||
“Yes,” the old man said. He was holding his glass and thinking of many years ago. | |||
“Ay” solba çay.o. U küv.ö uz dentü es mid.ö (ov) mi camba öçi. | |||
“Can I go out to get sardines for you for tomorrow?” | |||
Ja byal.a oke im raf.şe sense.i aş u iş camçe? | |||
“No. Go and play baseball. I can still row and Rogelio will throw the net.” | |||
“Ya. Yal.eş es gül.eş tamsu. A b.töp.e oçe es Rogelio kap.o tümte.” | |||
“I would like to go. If I cannot fish with you, I would like to serve in some way.” | |||
A g.yal.o. İf a b.tüm.a.x iç o, a g.füg.e in mö hünbe. | |||
“You bought me a beer,” the old man said. “You are already a man.” | |||
“O hay.o a denku”, solba çay.o. “O bab.e öçi solmo.” | |||
“How old was I when you first took me in a boat?” | |||
“Te ema.x a bab.o öt o oçı kan.o a in hunmi?” | |||
“Five and you nearly were killed when I brought the fish in to green and he nearly tore the boat to pieces. Can you remember?” | |||
“Li es o oda pay.o.n.ç öt a kin.o şenbe in an hö es u oda do.ço hunmi an vusva.i. J.o b.maz.e? | |||
“I can remember the tail slapping and banging and the thwart breaking and the noise of the clubbing. | |||
“A b.maz.i sünve şer.aka es gik.aka es rim.şe kir.aka, es vanzı ov pıl.aka.o | |||
I can remember you throwing me into the bow where the wet coiled lines were and feeling the whole boat shiver and the noise of you clubbing him like chopping a tree down and the sweet blood smell all over me.” | |||
A b.maz.e (am) o (kap.u)kap.aka a in an hundi ot epi.x kıp.amo tümle.i (bab.o) es bat.aka ma hunmi şay.o es vanzı (ov)o pıl.aka u eç dov.aka şirye oyö es ebe sanna böz.şe mo ek a. | |||
“Can you really remember that or did I just tell it to you?” | |||
“Jo uyo bmaz.e isu or ja üyı çey.o u (an) o?” | |||
“I remember everything from when we first went together.” | |||
“A maz.e işü aç öt e oçı yal.o uyu.” | |||
The old man looked at him with his sun-burned, confident loving eyes. | |||
Solba bey.o u iç uz kaş.amo, akö, bas.ano senge.i. | |||
“If you were my boy I’d take you out and gamble,” he said. “But you are your father’s and your mother’s and you are in a lucky boat.” | |||
“İf o bab.o.ç az solso(salsa) a kan.e o (oke)en es tüh.e” u çay.o. “As o (bab.e) oz salya.z es oz salna.z es o in benne.do hunmi.” | |||
“May I get the sardines? I know where I can get four baits too.” | |||
“Ja d.raf.e şense.i? A mad.e ot a b.raf.e ki tümde üyo” | |||
“I have mine left from today. I put them in salt in the box.” | |||
“A yag.o iza aç camça(üça ). A kaz.o ü in dengo in döngö.” | |||
“Let me get four fresh ones.” | |||
Eh a raf.e ki efi işu. | |||
“One,” the old man said. His hope and his confidence had never gone. But now they were freshening as when the breeze rises. | |||
“Bi”, solba çay.o. Uz minbe(min.şe) es uz menme yal.o oçü.x. As uço ü egi.l.o ef venge rik.e. | |||
“Two,” the boy said. | |||
“Çi”, solso çay.o. | |||
“Two,” the old man agreed. “You didn’t steal them?” | |||
“Çi”, solba siy.o. “O hal.ox ü? | |||
“I would,” the boy said. “But I bought these.” | |||
“A bab.o.ç” solso çay.o. As a hay.o isü” | |||
“Thank you,” the old man said. He was too simple to wonder when he had attained humility. | |||
“Dip o” , solba çay.o. U bab.o üyo egö im böf.şe öt u yik.ö mam.ado. | |||
But he knew he had attained it and he knew it was not disgraceful and it carried no loss of true pride. | |||
As u mad.o (am) u yik.o u es u mad.o (am) u bab.o.x pösçi.do.x es u kün.o.x oş pisgü ov enu mendö. | |||
“Tomorrow is going to be a good day with this current,” he said. | |||
“Camçe bab.a edi camsa iç sa honke(vad.aya)” u çay.o. | |||
“Where are you going?” the boy asked. | |||
“Ton o yal.i? solko çat.o. | |||
“Far out to come in when the wind shifts. I want to be out before it is light.” | |||
“Edu oke im yam.şe in öt venbe kov.e. A men.e im bab.şe oke el u vüsbe.” | |||
“I’ll try to get him to work far out,” the boy said. Then if you hook something truly big we can come to your aid.” | |||
“A yaç.a im raf.şe u im han.şe edu oke”, solto çay.o. “Ona if o tümse.k şo.bangı enu.çi eme, e b.yam.e an oz pösnü ” | |||
“He does not like to work too far out.” | |||
“U g.han.e.x mı edu oke ” | |||
“No,” the boy said. “But I will see something that he cannot see such as a bird working and get him to come out after dolphin.” | |||
“Ya”, solso çay.o. “As a bay.a mö bangı am u b.bay.e.x eş şönbe han.aka es raf.o u im yam.şe oke üş şengi” | |||
“Are his eyes that bad?” | |||
“J uz senge.s so edi.x? | |||
“He is almost blind.” | |||
“U oda esa” | |||
“It is strange,” the old man said. “He never went turtle-ing. That is what kills the eyes.” | |||
“Ema.x”, solba çay.o. “U yal.o.x oşu.x şinrö.k.aka. İsu bab.e at pay.e senge.i” | |||
“But you went turtle-ing for years off the Mosquito Coast and your eyes are good | |||
“As o yam.o şinrö.k.aka camba.çü ın Mosquito Coast es oz senge.i edi. | |||
'''Another text from a song for children''' | |||
Little child, be not afraid: emex solma, ber.eş.x | |||
Though rain pounds harsh against the glass: öp venne köş.e evö.x üç vöndi | |||
Like an unwanted stranger: eş men.amo.x silyü | |||
There is no danger: bintö beb.e | |||
I am here tonight: a bab.e uşi üço | |||
Little child, be not afraid: ber.eş.x, emex solma | |||
Though thunder explodes and lightning flash: öp venhö çik.e es venkö vap.e | |||
Illuminates: ver.e | |||
your tear-stained face: oz sangü-gan.amo senze | |||
I am here tonight: a bab.e uşi üço |
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