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==Culture==




===Cultural philosophy===
==Phonology==
('''Stoicism + Buddhism + Absurdism + Individual reflection''')
===Consonants===
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
'''Stance on higher power'''
! style="width: 68px; " |
 
! style="width: 68px; " |Bilabial
1. Does not believe in any higher power(s).
! style="width: 68px; " |Labio-dental
 
! style="width: 68px; " |Alveolar
2. Everything can be explained by science, only our knowledge is limited.
! style="width: 68px; " |Post-alveolar
 
! style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
3. Instead of following a faith, one follows philosophy and a just lifestyle:
! style="width: 68px; " |Velar
 
!Labio-velar
If there is any higher power(s) and they're just, then you will be rewarded by your virtuous acts.
! style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
 
|-
If there is any higher power(s) and they're unjust, then you shouldn't want to follow them anyways.
!Nasal
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Bilabial_nasal.ogg m]
If there is no higher power(s), then your virtuous acts will live on in the memory of your loved ones.
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Alveolar_nasal.ogg n]
 
|
'''Stance on life, death and time'''
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Velar_nasal.ogg ŋ]
1. There most probably nothing after death, since every idea of what we think as an afterlife is just our wishful thinking that we have no basis for believing in.
|
 
|
 
|-
2. Existence has no inherent meaning. Although life doesn't "lack" meaning because there was never room for meaning to begin with, life is a fact not a meaning.
!Plosive
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg p] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg b]
 
|
3. Humans have an inherent need for meaning in a universe were meaning is irrelevant, this is absurd. We either tend to make a leap of faith to something abstract and irrational or turn to physical escape or destruction to escape this absurdity, but one ought to embrace the absurdity instead.
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg t] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg d]
 
|
 
|
4. However, one should not reject life nor turn to faith when facing this crippling reality. One should instead accept this fact and still rejoice in life and its small things despite or because of their "lack of" meaning, because the fact of these things existing ought to be enough. Or if you will, may the joy and appreciation of "meaninglessness" be an act of rebellion.
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg k] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg g]
 
|
 
|
5. Death is not the opposite of life, but an innate preconditioned part of it. Death is not something to fear, avoid, lament or hate. Death is outside our control, our view of death is our responsibility, and we can learn to accept it as a part of life, as neither good nor bad. Grief is of course important when experiencing the death of someone, and it ought to be practiced in a healthy way.
|-
 
!Fricative
 
|
6. "Memento mori" - "Remember that one [has to] die" works as a reminder of one's mortality and inevitable death. It gives one perspective on life to value one's time since one has been given time in the first place.
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Voiceless_labio-dental_fricative.ogg f] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Voiced_labio-dental_fricative.ogg v]
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg s] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg z]
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg ʃ]
7. "Protect time like your money". Value your time and don't waste any time in the day on the trivial and vain. Don't waste time worrying on problems one can't do anything about, and act instead of worry about problems one can do something about.
|
 
|
 
|
8. Try to remember and cherish more than regret or mourning things and experiences.
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg h]
 
|-
 
!Approximant
'''Stance on ego and identity'''
|
 
|
Ancient stoic take on ego death. Modern usage of ego deaths usually refers to our self-esteem, and our tendency to defend our self-esteem against attack, and our tendency to view the world in terms of our perceived identities. For example, if people identify themselves in terms of their political preferences or their social status or their skill set, then they will defend these abstractions as they defend themselves, and they will interact with the world as members of these groups.
|
 
|
The ancient Stoics would say that all of these things are external to us, that they come and go and there is no need to cling to them, and that it is a falsehood to identify one's self with them. Our real selves, as they see it, are our judgment and our will, our capacity for choice and experience. The part of you that is convinced of things, and that chooses things, is the real you. Everything else is external to you, a thing that you might enjoy or use while it is available, but not part of your core self.
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Palatal_approximant.ogg j]
 
|
We are entities, we have ideas and beliefs of who we are that we identify with. These are identities. Identities might help convey information, but are in actuality external to us. We ought to stop forming self-images of ourselves from these identities since these external views of ourselves are clouding our experience as self-entities. This is because our self-entities are in fact impossible for us to concretely think of.
|[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg w]
 
|
Remove external beliefs/ideas of what you think you are and realize that you can't actually think of yourself. Reach ego-death. When you feel hurt/triggered by potential "harm" in social situations, it is just the false idea (based on external things) of what you think you are (self-image) that gets threatened.
|-
 
!Trill
Unblock your survival from fear, pleasure from regret, willpower from shame, love from grief, truth from lies, insight from illusion and pure conscience of experience from worldly desires to reach one’s own full and true potential.
|
 
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Alveolar_trill.ogg r]
 
|
'''Disciplines/Principles/Practices'''
|
 
|
1. Only virtue is good, only vice is bad, everything else is indifferent. Virtue is sufficient for happiness.
|
 
|
Practice and strive for the 4 stoic virtues: Justice, wisdom, temperance and courage. Avoid the 4 vices: Injustice, foolishness, intemperance and cowardice.
|-
 
!Lateral app.
Wisdom means being able to tell what's right and what's wrong without prejudice, approaching everything  logically and calmy and understand what is to be chosen or avoided. Justice means to always be fair and do the right thing even when something is wrong. Courage is to do the right thing even if you feel like it can be harmful for you, facing challenges and struggles without complaint, applying wisdom to things we fear. Temperance is the willpower for volontary self-restraint and moderation to things we are attracted to and ought not to be gluttoned.
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg l]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Clusters
|
|
|
|
|
| [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ccr0E1z4uTk ks] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFJYfwbTZ8Q kw]
|
|
|-
|}


===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; " |
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
! style="width: 90px; " |Near-front
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
! style="width: 90px; " |Near-back
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
!High
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Sv-sil.ogg iː] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Sv-syl.ogg yː]
|
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Sv-bot.ogg uː]
|-
!Near-high
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Sv-sill.ogg ɪ] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Sv-syll.ogg ʏ]
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Sv-bott.ogg ʊ]
|
|-
!High-mid
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Sv-hel.ogg eː]
|
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Sv-m%C3%A5l.ogg oː]
|-
!Mid
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Low-mid
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Sv-h%C3%A4ll.ogg ɛ]
|
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Sv-moll.ogg ɔ]
|-
!Near-low
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Low
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Sv-matt.ogg a]
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Sv-mat.ogg ɑː]
|-
!Diphthongs
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTAzk9xm5i8 ɛ͡ɪ]
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub9ONgsThKc a͡ɪ] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrWuLH_AYM4 a͡ʊ]
|
|
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-8ZqxVJMf8 ɔ͡ɪ] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Civ7UBZP99M&t ɔ͡ʊ]
|}


2. After the first impression, interpretation of reality, and emotional analysis of an event, one should not go for the emotional response, one should instead make a rational analysis and then a rational response.
==Orthography==
 
===Alphabet===
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 900px; text-align:center;"
3. Anger is an emotion that erodes the fabric of who we are. Thus one ought to learn how to control it. "One's anger is more likely to do more harm than how much someone is wrong".
! scope="row" |Letter
 
|'''Aa'''
 
|'''Bb'''
4. “The Discipline of Desire”, which has to do with acceptance of our fate.
|'''Cc'''
Don't waste time on things you can't control or influence. Don’t desire what is out of your control e.g. never to die, never get sick, never get in an accident etc. Once something that's outside of your control happens, you make the best of what you got at hand to deal with it. Prepare yourself for the worst possible outcomes based on the true nature of things and hope for the best. Having an idealized fantasy as the expected outcome (desiring something unnatural) is going to crush you every time. It’s ok to prefer that the thing you desire won't turn bad, but know it is in the realm of possibilities that it will. Play by nature’s rules, and don’t desire the outcome to be anything outside of the realm of possibilities.
|'''Dd'''
 
|'''Ee'''
 
|'''Ff'''
• “The Discipline of Action”, which has to do with philanthropy or love of humankind.
|'''Gg'''
 
|'''Hh'''
Mastering impulse to act and impulse not to act. This is a gentler form of desire and aversion. We are to appeal to different roles we have. These form a hierarchy.
|'''Ii'''
 
|'''Jj'''
[1] Universal role as a human being.
|'''Kk'''
 
|'''Ll'''
At the top of the list is health and taking care of ourselves. The next thing we do is to appeal to our particular talents, and cultivate what we're best at and most interested in. This is going towards your nature. To go against your nature would be to pursue things that you're not really interested in.
|'''Mm'''
 
|'''Nn'''
[2] Appealing to our specific relationships with other people. Am I a parent, a partner, a friend?
|'''Oo'''
 
|'''Pp'''
An example that Epictetus uses is a father who is not able to care for his sick daughter. He runs away from his daughter, he leaves the house, he can't handle the fact that his daughter might die.
|'''Qq'''
 
|'''Rr'''
The idea here is that this is not someone who has mastered desire and aversion. He thinks death is a bad thing, he's afraid of his daughter dying, he hasn't come to terms with what his ultimate value system should be under the Stoic picture. And because of that, it is interfering with his capacity to fulfill his obligation to other people. He's not able to fulfill his obligation as a father because he's still afraid.
|'''Ss'''
 
|'''Tt'''
[3] Preference
|'''Uu'''
 
|'''Vv'''
If it doesn't go against reason, if it doesn't go against your interests, if it doesn't go against your relationships with other people, you are free to choose whatever you prefer.
|'''Ww'''
 
|'''Xx'''
 
|'''Yy'''
• “The Discipline of Assent”, which has to do with mindfulness of our judgements.
|'''Zz'''
 
|-
Assent means agreement. The discipline of assent involves making correct judgements about the nature of the external world and events that occur in it.
! scope="row" |Sound
 
|/a/
As a practicing Stoic, we need to know that we assent to value judgements of things that occur around us that were made by us consciously or unconsciously. This can affect how we feel about the event.
|/b/
 
|/ʃ/
We can use a three step process of- Stop it, Strip it and See it.
|/d/
 
|/ɛ/
Step 1: Stop it- Stop the value judgment in its tracks. See that you can stop it before it can affect you.
|/f/
 
|/g/
Step 2: Strip it- Strip the value judgment and see through it. Most things that we perceive are nothing more than mere indifference that we can see through if we take a moment to observe it more clearly. As Marcus Aurelius writes in Meditations, "When you have savories and fine dishes set before you, you will gain an idea of their nature if you tell yourself that this is the corpse of a fish, and that the corpse of a bird or a pig; or again, that fine Falernian wine is merely grape-juice, and this purple robe some sheep’s wool dipped in the blood of a shellfish; and as for sexual intercourse, it is the friction of a piece of gut and, following a sort of convulsion, the expulsion of mucus." (VI.13)
|/h/
 
|/ɪ/
Step 3: See it- See the event from a cosmic viewpoint. Whatever is happening at that moment may seem out of ordinary and inconvenient but try to look at it in the grander scheme of things. Maybe this was always supposed to happen and what has happened may have set a new course for you.
|/j/
 
|/k/
 
|/l/
5. Practice mindfulness and seek nature to find clarity
|/m/
 
|/n/
 
|/ɔ/
6. Follow the 5 Buddhist precepts as a form of standard behavior: Don't abuse words, don't abuse senses, don't intoxicate, don't take what is not given and don't kill.
|/p/
 
|/kw/
 
|/r/
7. Acknowledge, appreciate, respect and value: Nature and life, others' humanity and diversity, learning new things, experiences and change.
|/s/
 
|/t/
 
|/ʊ/
8. Practice responsibility and kindness, avoid laziness and cruelty
|/v/
 
|/w/
 
|/ks/
9. Always remember to be responsible and to mindfully organize these 7 things when one is lost: self, health, environment, relationships, work, interests and experiences.
|/ʏ/
 
|/z/
 
|-
10. One ought to follow a Nonviolent Communication (NVC) style, also called Giraffe language, to reach the most effective, optimal and rational conclusion. Explain the situation/problem, explain how it affects, explain what is needed, and give suggestions how to compromise.
!Name
 
|/a/
===Cultural cuisine===
|/beː/
 
|/ʃeː/
===Cultural prosoponyms===
|/deː/
'''Cultural Germian personal names''' (lacking meaning and gender)
|/ɛ/
 
|/ɛf/
Aic
|/geː/
 
|/hoː/
Alet
|/ɪ/
 
|/jɛɪ/
Alix
|/kɛɪ/
 
|/ɛl/
Aspi
|/ɛm/
 
|/ɛn/
Aulim
|/ɔ/
 
|/peː/
Beili
|/kwuː/
 
|/ɛr/
Bili
|/ɛs/
 
|/teː/
Bjel
|/ʊ/
 
|/vɛɪ/
Caarli
|/wʏn/
 
|/ɛks/
Cansii
|/ʏ/
 
|/zɛt/
Deviv
|-
 
|}
Eedam
 
Eerin
 
Eevis
 
Eilex
 
Eica
 
Evlet
 
Ezin
 
Feeli
 
Gliio
 
Haime
 
Iiden


Iikiv
===Digraphs & Diphthongs===
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 900px; text-align:center;"
Ikim
! scope="row" |Digraphs & Diphthongs
 
|'''Aa aa'''
Iz
|'''Ee ee'''
 
|'''Ii ii'''
Jei
|'''Oo oo'''
 
|'''Uu uu'''
Jeimly
|'''Yy yy'''
 
|'''Ng ng'''
Jesin
|'''Ai ai'''
 
|'''Ei ei'''
Jii
|'''Oi oi'''
 
|'''Au au'''
Joisen
|'''Ou ou'''
 
|-
Jota
! scope="row" |Sound
 
|/ɑː/
Jyn
|/eː/
 
|/iː/
Keea
|/oː/
 
|/uː/
Kei
|/yː/
 
|/ŋ/
Kelty
|/a͡ɪ/
 
|/ɛ͡ɪ/
Kiia
|/ɔ͡ɪ/
 
|/a͡ʊ/
Kimi
|/ɔ͡ʊ/
|-
!Name
|laang a
|laang e
|laang i
|laang o
|laang u
|laang y
|/ɛŋ/
|/a͡ɪ/
|/ɛ͡ɪ/
|/ɔ͡ɪ/
|/a͡ʊ/
|/ɔ͡ʊ/
|-
|}


Klei
==Phonotactics==
'''Double consonants (that aren't part of a digraph) are pronounced with a syllable break:'''


Kouli
<small>'''Example:''' bb = /b.b/</small>


Kyn


Kyvi
'''The first 2 vowels that are viable as a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are the ones that will be pronounced as such:'''


Laarem
<small>'''Example:''' aii = /a͡ɪ.ɪ/


Lenuu
'''Example:''' eei = /eː.ɪ/


Lexin
'''<u>Not like:</u>''' aii = /a.iː/


Lii
'''<u>Not like:</u>''' eei = /ɛ.ɛ͡ɪ/</small>


Lonel


Lyrik


Lysu
'''Vowel digraph/diphthong pairs and single vowels that directly preceeds/follows a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are pronounced with a syllable break inbetween them:'''


Marjom
<small>'''Example:''' aaeiou = /ɑː.ɛ͡ɪ.ɔ͡ʊ/


Miica
'''Example:''' eaa = /ɛ.ɑː/


Mika
'''Example:''' aio = /a͡ɪ.ɔ/


Muue
'''Example:''' aaa = /ɑː.a/</small>


Naaga


Ngoli
'''Vowels following each other that are not part of a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are <u>not</u> pronounced with a syllable break inbetween them:'''


Ngiika
<small>'''Example:''' ia = /ɪa/


Nixei
'''Example:''' iea = /ɪɛa/


Olasa
'''Example:''' aioe = /a͡ɪ.ɔɛ/
</small>


Oili
==Grammar==
===Syntax===
'''SVO''' (subject–verb–object)


Ouza
<small>'''Example:''' Jaik<sup>1</sup> hav<sup>2</sup> ain<sup>3</sup> kat<sup>4</sup>. ⇄ I<sup>1</sup> have<sup>2</sup> a<sup>3</sup> cat<sup>4</sup>.


Peit
'''Example:''' Jaik<sup>1</sup> see<sup>4</sup> nite<sup>3</sup> et<sup>5</sup>. ⇄ I<sup>1</sup> do<sup>2</sup> not<sup>3</sup> see<sup>4</sup> it<sup>5</sup>.


Qaali
'''Example:''' Ain<sup>1</sup> rootic<sup>2</sup> rous<sup>3</sup>. ⇄ A<sup>1</sup> red<sup>2</sup> rose<sup>3</sup>.
</small>
=====Vocabulary=====
-


Qarel
===Noun declenations===
====Case articles and number====


Qen
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
 
! style="width: 90px; " |Example
Qin
! style="width: 90px; " |Singular
! style="width: 90px; " |Plural
|-
!Nominative:
definite article
|de kat
|de kat'''es'''
|-
!Nominative:
indefinite article
|ain kat
|(vleere) kat'''es'''
|-
!Genitive:
definite article
|de kat'''ese'''
|de kat'''eses'''
|-
!Genitive:
indefinite article
|ain kat'''ese'''
|(vleere) kat'''eses'''
|-
|}


Qonik
=====Vocabulary=====


  Riica
  ain ⇄ a/an (singular indefinite article)


  Robi
  de ⇄ the (definite article)


  Ryli
  kat ⇄ cat


  Saca
  vleere ⇄ several (plural indefinite "article")


Sadiin
===Verb conjugations===
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
Saem
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
 
sainen ⇄ to be
Seim
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
Seiwin
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
Siien
|-
!'''Present'''
|sain ⇄ am/is/are
|sain'''e''' ⇄ being
|'''ha'''sain ⇄ have/has been
|
|-
!'''Past'''
|sain'''d''' ⇄ was/were
|sain'''de''' ⇄ was/were being
|'''had'''sain ⇄ had been
|
|-
!'''Future'''
|'''vil''' sain ⇄ will be
|'''vil''' sain'''e''' ⇄ will become
|'''vil''' '''ha'''sain ⇄ will have been
|
|-
!'''Conditional'''
|
|
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''sain ⇄ would have been
|'''skalde''' sain ⇄ would be
|-
|}


Solve
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
 
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
Tei
dunen ⇄ to do
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
Tirin
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
Usuj
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
 
|-
Uuli
!'''Present'''
 
|dun ⇄ do
Vei
|dun'''e''' ⇄ doing
 
|'''ha'''dun ⇄ have/has done
Venel
|
 
|-
Vylyn
!'''Past'''
|dun'''d''' ⇄ did
|dun'''de''' ⇄ was/were doing
|'''had'''dun ⇄ had done
|
|-
!'''Future'''
|'''vil''' dun ⇄ will do
|'''vil''' dun'''e''' ⇄ will be doing
|'''vil''' '''ha'''dun ⇄ will have done
|
|-
!'''Conditional'''
|
|
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''dun ⇄ would have done
|'''skalde''' dun ⇄ would do
|-
|}


Wyn
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
 
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
Xima
haven ⇄ to have
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
Ylois
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
 
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
Yyvei
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
 
Zene
 
Zia
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 660px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 68px; " |
! style="width: 68px; " |Bilabial
! style="width: 68px; " |Labio-dental
! style="width: 68px; " |Alveolar
! style="width: 68px; " |Post-alveolar
! style="width: 68px; " |Palatal
! style="width: 68px; " |Velar
!Labio-velar
! style="width: 68px; " |Glottal
|-
|-
!Nasal
!'''Present'''
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Bilabial_nasal.ogg m]
|hav ⇄ have
|hav'''e''' ⇄ having
|'''ha'''hav ⇄ have/has had
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/Alveolar_nasal.ogg n]
|-
!'''Past'''
|hav'''d''' ⇄ had
|hav'''de''' ⇄ was/were having
|'''had'''hav ⇄ had had
|
|
|-
!'''Future'''
|'''vil''' hav ⇄ will have
|'''vil''' hav'''e''' ⇄ will be having
|'''vil''' '''ha'''hav ⇄ will have had
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Velar_nasal.ogg ŋ]
|-
!'''Conditional'''
|
|
|
|
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''hav ⇄ would have had
|'''skalde''' hav ⇄ would have
|-
|-
!Plosive
|}
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive.ogg p] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Voiced_bilabial_plosive.ogg b]
 
|
=====Verb suffixes=====
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/02/Voiceless_alveolar_plosive.ogg t] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Voiced_alveolar_plosive.ogg d]
-'''en''' ⇄ (making-verb)
|
 
|
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 550px; text-align:center;"
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Voiceless_velar_plosive.ogg k] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Voiced_velar_plosive_02.ogg g]
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
|
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(Making-verb)'''
|
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example phrase'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example phrase'''
|-
!'''vit ⇄ white'''
|vit'''en''' ⇄ whiten
|vit'''e''' ⇄ whitening
|vit'''en''' de tands ⇄ whiten the teeth
|de vit'''e''' of de tands ⇄ the whitening of the teeth
|-
|-
!Fricative
|}
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Voiceless_labio-dental_fricative.ogg f] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Voiced_labio-dental_fricative.ogg v]
'''rii'''- ⇄ (repeat)
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Voiceless_alveolar_sibilant.ogg s] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Voiced_alveolar_sibilant.ogg z]
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_sibilant.ogg ʃ]
'''un'''- ⇄ (deprive)
|
 
|
'''ike-'''- ⇄ (negate)
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Voiceless_glottal_fricative.ogg h]
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 550px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(repeat)'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(deprive)'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(negate)'''
|-
!'''vit ⇄ white'''
|'''rii'''vit'''en''' ⇄ rewhiten
|'''un'''vit'''en''' ⇄ unwhiten
|'''ike-'''vit ⇄ non-white
|-
|-
!Approximant
|}
|
 
|
=====Modal auxiliary verbs=====
|
berhauce ⇄ need
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Palatal_approximant.ogg j]
brauke ⇄ brukar (SE)/usually do
|
 
|[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Voiced_labio-velar_approximant.ogg w]
burte ⇄ ought
|
 
|-
durfo ⇄ may/permitted to/allowed to/få (SE)/dürf (DE)
!Trill
 
|
kan ⇄ can/to be able
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Alveolar_trill.ogg r]
kaunde ⇄ could
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Lateral app.
|
|
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Alveolar_lateral_approximant.ogg l]
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Clusters
|
|
|
|
|
| [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ccr0E1z4uTk ks] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFJYfwbTZ8Q kw]
|
|
|-
|}


===Vowels===
moug ⇄ might
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
 
! style="width: 90px; " |
must ⇄ must
! style="width: 90px; " |Front
 
! style="width: 90px; " |Near-front
skal ⇄ shall
! style="width: 90px; " |Central
 
! style="width: 90px; " |Near-back
skalde ⇄ would
! style="width: 90px; " |Back
 
|-
taure ⇄ dare
!High
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Sv-sil.ogg iː] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/Sv-syl.ogg yː]
vil ⇄ will/going to
|
 
|
wilte ⇄ want
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Sv-bot.ogg uː]
===Adjective comparison===
-'''er''' ⇄ (comparative)
 
-'''est''' ⇄ (superlative)
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Positive/Negative'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Comparative'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Superlative'''
|-
|-
!Near-high
!'''Adjective'''
|
|groos
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Sv-sill.ogg ɪ] [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Sv-syll.ogg ʏ]
|groos'''er'''
|
|groos'''est'''
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Sv-bott.ogg ʊ]
|
|-
|-
!High-mid
|}
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Sv-hel.ogg eː]
<small>'''Example:''' Et sain groos. ⇄ It is big.
|
 
|
'''Example:''' Et sain grooser dan dat. ⇄ It is larger than that.
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/27/Sv-m%C3%A5l.ogg oː]
'''Example:''' Et sain (de) groosest. ⇄ It is the largest.
|-
 
!Mid
'''Example:''' Et sain klain. ⇄ It is small.
|
 
|
'''Example:''' Et sain klainer dan dat. ⇄ It is smaller than that.
|
 
|
'''Example:''' Et sain (de) klainest. ⇄ It is the smallest.
|
 
|-
'''Example:''' Et sain fiiler dan dat. ⇄ It is more than that.
!Low-mid
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Sv-h%C3%A4ll.ogg ɛ]
'''Example:''' Et sain klimer dan dat. ⇄ It is less than that.
|
 
|
'''Example:''' Jaik wilte meer. ⇄ I want (even) more.
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Sv-moll.ogg ɔ]
'''Example:''' Jaik wilte haven vleere. ⇄ I want to have several ones.</small>
|-
 
!Near-low
=====Vocabulary=====
|
dan ⇄ than
|
 
|
dat ⇄ that
|
 
|
de ⇄ the
|-
 
!Low
et ⇄ it
|
 
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Sv-matt.ogg a]
fiil ⇄ many/much/a lot
|
 
|
groos ⇄ big
| [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Sv-mat.ogg ɑː]
 
|-
hav ⇄ have
!Diphthongs
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTAzk9xm5i8 ɛ͡ɪ]
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub9ONgsThKc a͡ɪ] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrWuLH_AYM4 a͡ʊ]
|
|
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-8ZqxVJMf8 ɔ͡ɪ] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Civ7UBZP99M&t ɔ͡ʊ]
|}


==Orthography==
jaik ⇄ I
===Alphabet===
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 900px; text-align:center;"
klain ⇄ small
! scope="row" |Letter
 
|'''Aa'''
klim ⇄ little
|'''Bb'''
 
|'''Cc'''
meer ⇄ even more/additional
|'''Dd'''
 
|'''Ee'''
sain ⇄ am/is/are
|'''Ff'''
 
|'''Gg'''
vleere ⇄ several
|'''Hh'''
 
|'''Ii'''
wilte ⇄ want
|'''Jj'''
 
|'''Kk'''
=====Adjective suffix=====
|'''Ll'''
 
|'''Mm'''
-'''ic''' ⇄ (making-adjective)/(having qualities of)
|'''Nn'''
 
|'''Oo'''
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
|'''Pp'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
|'''Qq'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''gold ⇄ gold'''
|'''Rr'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''hund ⇄ dog'''
|'''Ss'''
|'''Tt'''
|'''Uu'''
|'''Vv'''
|'''Ww'''
|'''Xx'''
|'''Yy'''
|'''Zz'''
|-
|-
! scope="row" |Sound
!-'''ic'''
|/a/
|gold'''ic'''
|/b/
|hund'''ic'''
|/ʃ/
|/d/
|/ɛ/
|/f/
|/g/
|/h/
|/ɪ/
|/j/
|/k/
|/l/
|/m/
|/n/
|/ɔ/
|/p/
|/kw/
|/r/
|/s/
|/t/
|/ʊ/
|/v/
|/w/
|/ks/
|/ʏ/
|/z/
|-
|-
!Name
|}
|/a/
 
|/beː/
===Personal pronouns===
|/ʃeː/
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1000px; text-align:center;"
|/deː/
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Personal pronouns'''
|/ɛ/
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Nominative'''
|/ɛf/
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Possesive'''
|/geː/
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Reflexive'''
|/hoː/
|-
|/ɪ/
!'''1st person'''
|/jɛɪ/
|jaik ⇄ I
|/kɛɪ/
vii ⇄ we
|/ɛl/
|jaikse ⇄ my/mine
|/ɛm/
viise ⇄ our/ours
|/ɛn/
|jaikself ⇄ myself
|/ɔ/
viiselfs ⇄ ourselves
|/peː/
|/kwuː/
|/ɛr/
|/ɛs/
|/teː/
|/ʊ/
|/vɛɪ/
|/wʏn/
|/ɛks/
|/ʏ/
|/zɛt/
|-
|-
|}
!'''2nd person'''
 
|duu ⇄ you (s.)
===Digraphs & Diphthongs===
juu ⇄ you (pl.)
{| class="wikitable article-table" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 900px; text-align:center;"
|duuse ⇄ your/yours (s.)
! scope="row" |Digraphs & Diphthongs
juuse ⇄ you/yours (pl.)
|'''Aa aa'''
|duuself ⇄ yourself (s.)
|'''Ee ee'''
juuselfs ⇄ yourselves (pl.)
|'''Ii ii'''
|'''Oo oo'''
|'''Uu uu'''
|'''Yy yy'''
|'''Ng ng'''
|'''Ai ai'''
|'''Ei ei'''
|'''Oi oi'''
|'''Au au'''
|'''Ou ou'''
|-
|-
! scope="row" |Sound
!'''3rd person'''
|/ɑː/
|xiin ⇄ they/this one (s. proximate./former. standard)
|/eː/
 
|/iː/
diin ⇄ they/that one (s. obviative./post-former.)
|/oː/
 
|/uː/
et ⇄ it
|/yː/
|/ŋ/
|/a͡ɪ/
|/ɛ͡ɪ/
|/ɔ͡ɪ/
|/a͡ʊ/
|/ɔ͡ʊ/
|-
!Name
|laang a
|laang e
|laang i
|laang o
|laang u
|laang y
|/ɛŋ/
|/a͡ɪ/
|/ɛ͡ɪ/
|/ɔ͡ɪ/
|/a͡ʊ/
|/ɔ͡ʊ/
|-
|}


==Phonotactics==
dei ⇄ they (pl.)
'''Double consonants (that aren't part of a digraph) are pronounced with a syllable break:'''


<small>'''Example:''' bb = /b.b/</small>
|xiinse ⇄ theirs (s.)


diinse ⇄ theirs (s.)


'''The first 2 vowels that are viable as a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are the ones that will be pronounced as such:'''
etse ⇄ its


<small>'''Example:''' aii = /a͡ɪ.ɪ/
deise ⇄ theirs (pl.)
|xiinself ⇄ themself (s.)


'''Example:''' eei = /eː.ɪ/
diinself ⇄ themself (s.)


'''<u>Not like:</u>''' aii = /a.iː/
etself ⇄ itself


'''<u>Not like:</u>''' eei = /ɛ.ɛ͡ɪ/</small>
deiselfs ⇄ themselves (pl.)
|-
!'''4th person'''
|eim ⇄ one
|eimse ⇄ one's
|eimself ⇄ oneself
|}


===Numerals===
Ordinal numbers are marked by adding the suffix "-ce"


===Capitalization===
Capital letters are used for the first word of a sentence and for proper nouns.


'''Vowel digraph/diphthong pairs and single vowels that directly preceeds/follows a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are pronounced with a syllable break inbetween them:'''
The proper nouns in Germian are exclusively: personal names, place names, titles and organization names.


<small>'''Example:''' aaeiou = /ɑː.ɛ͡ɪ.ɔ͡ʊ/
==Dictionary==
 
===Phrases===
'''Example:''' eaa = /ɛ.ɑː/
{| class="wikitable sortable"
 
|-
'''Example:''' aio = /a͡ɪ.ɔ/
| Jaik heiten... ⇄ My name is... || jaik ⇄ I || heiten ⇄ to be referred to as/heter (SE)/heiße (DE)
 
|-
'''Example:''' aaa = /ɑː.a/</small>
| Vat sain duuse name? ⇄ What is your name? || name ⇄ name || Spraten duu... ⇄ Do you speak...
 
|-
 
| Jaik spraten nite... ⇄ I don't speak... || Jaik verctond nite. ⇄ I don't understand. || Veir sain de toilet? ⇄ Where is the toilet?
'''Vowels following each other that are not part of a vowel digraph/diphthong pair are <u>not</u> pronounced with a syllable break inbetween them:'''
|-
 
| Vur sain duu?/Vur sain et? ⇄ How are you?/How is it?/How is it going? || Sain duu okee/ok? ⇄ Are you okay? || Sain et okee/ok? ⇄ Is it going okay?
<small>'''Example:''' ia = /ɪa/
|-
 
| okee/ok ⇄ okay/ok || jaa ⇄ yes || nei ⇄ no
'''Example:''' iea = /ɪɛa/
 
'''Example:''' aioe = /a͡ɪ.ɔɛ/
</small>
 
==Grammar==
===Syntax===
'''SVO''' (subject–verb–object)
 
<small>'''Example:''' Jaik<sup>1</sup> hav<sup>2</sup> ain<sup>3</sup> kat<sup>4</sup>. ⇄ I<sup>1</sup> have<sup>2</sup> a<sup>3</sup> cat<sup>4</sup>.
 
'''Example:''' Jaik<sup>1</sup> see<sup>4</sup> nite<sup>3</sup> et<sup>5</sup>. ⇄ I<sup>1</sup> do<sup>2</sup> not<sup>3</sup> see<sup>4</sup> it<sup>5</sup>.
 
'''Example:''' Ain<sup>1</sup> rootic<sup>2</sup> rous<sup>3</sup>. ⇄ A<sup>1</sup> red<sup>2</sup> rose<sup>3</sup>.
</small>
=====Vocabulary=====
-
 
===Noun declenations===
====Case articles and number====
 
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 90px; " |Example
! style="width: 90px; " |Singular
! style="width: 90px; " |Plural
|-
|-
!Nominative:
| njei ⇄ (yes/no)/well || jee ⇄ yeah || naa ⇄ nah
definite article
|-
|de kat
| maince ⇄ maybe || natuurlic ⇄ of course || kain problem ⇄ no problem
|de kat'''es'''
|-
| antswer ⇄ answer || genau/exakt/presiic/korekt/ret ⇄ exactly/precisely/correct/right || inkorekt/falc ⇄ incorrect/false/wrong
|-
|-
!Nominative:
| tangke ⇄ thanks || tangke duu/juu (s./pl.) ⇄ thank you || fiil tangke ⇄ thank you very much
indefinite article
|ain kat
|(vleere) kat'''es'''
|-
|-
!Genitive:
| stop! ⇄ stop! || help ⇄ help || akta! ⇄ look out!
definite article
|de kat'''ese'''
|de kat'''eses'''
|-
|-
!Genitive:
| sori ⇄ sorry || sploristop ⇄ sorry, but please lets stop/end this || pardon ⇄ excuse me
indefinite article
|ain kat'''ese'''
|(vleere) kat'''eses'''
|-
|-
|}
| spliifst ⇄ please || ckol ⇄ cheers || grelsing ⇄ greeting
 
=====Vocabulary=====
 
ain ⇄ a/an (singular indefinite article)
 
de ⇄ the (definite article)
 
kat ⇄ cat
 
vleere ⇄ several (plural indefinite "article")
 
===Verb conjugations===
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
sainen ⇄ to be
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
|-
|-
!'''Present'''
| haloo ⇄ hello || hae ⇄ hi || hei ⇄ hey
|sain ⇄ am/is/are
|sain'''e''' ⇄ being
|'''ha'''sain ⇄ have/has been
|
|-
|-
!'''Past'''
| dae ⇄ good day/bye/dag (NE) || guutein ⇄ have a good one/goodbye || cau ⇄ bye
|sain'''d''' ⇄ was/were
|-
|sain'''de''' ⇄ was/were being
| adjoo ⇄ adieu || ferwel ⇄ farewell || sees vii ⇄ see you/see you later
|'''had'''sain ⇄ had been
|-
|
| wilkom ⇄ welcome/you're welcome || moost wilkom ⇄ most welcome/you are most welcome || guut morgen ⇄ good morning
|-
|-
!'''Future'''
| guut daag ⇄ good day || guut naftermiddaag ⇄ good afternoon || guut aufend ⇄ good evening
|'''vil''' sain ⇄ will be
|'''vil''' sain'''e''' ⇄ will become
|'''vil''' '''ha'''sain ⇄ will have been
|
|-
|-
!'''Conditional'''
| guut nact ⇄ good night || jaik eliibe duu ⇄ I love you || Vur fiil sain dit? ⇄ How much is this?
|
|
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''sain ⇄ would have been
|'''skalde''' sain ⇄ would be
|-
|-
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
===Swadesh+===
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
dunen ⇄ to do
# I ⇄ jaik
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
# we ⇄ vii
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
# you (singular) ⇄ duu
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
# you (plural) ⇄ juu
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
# they (singular proximate) ⇄ xiin
|-
# they (singular obviative) ⇄ diin
!'''Present'''
# they (plural) ⇄ dei
|dun ⇄ do
# this ⇄ dit
|dun'''e''' ⇄ doing
# that ⇄ dat
|'''ha'''dun ⇄ have/has done
# here ⇄ heir
|
# there ⇄ daar
|-
# who ⇄ viim
!'''Past'''
#  whose ⇄ viis
|dun'''d''' ⇄ did
# what ⇄ vat
|dun'''de''' ⇄ was/were doing
#  which ⇄ velke
|'''had'''dun ⇄ had done
#  why ⇄ vatfuur
|
# where ⇄ veir
|-
# when ⇄ van
!'''Future'''
# how ⇄ vur
|'''vil''' dun ⇄ will do
#  what kind of/what something's like ⇄ vurvat
|'''vil''' dun'''e''' ⇄ will be doing
# not ⇄ nite
|'''vil''' '''ha'''dun ⇄ will have done
# all ⇄ al
|
#  none, no, not any ⇄ kain
|-
# many ⇄ fiil
!'''Conditional'''
# few ⇄ veenig
|
# some ⇄ somige
|
# other ⇄ aader
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''dun ⇄ would have done
# one ⇄ ein
|'''skalde''' dun ⇄ would do
# two ⇄ tvei
|-
# three ⇄ drii
|}
# four ⇄ fiir
 
# five ⇄ faif
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1100px; text-align:center;"
# big ⇄ groos
! style="width: 220px; " |Infinitive/Imperative:
# small ⇄ klain
haven ⇄ to have
# long ⇄ lang
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Simple'''
# short ⇄ kort
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
# wide ⇄ breid
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Perfect'''
# narrow ⇄ smaal
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Imperfect'''
# thick ⇄ dik
|-
# thin ⇄ dun
!'''Present'''
# heavy ⇄ cveer
|hav ⇄ have
#  light ⇄ leict
|hav'''e''' ⇄ having
# female ⇄ femlin
|'''ha'''hav ⇄ have/has had
# male ⇄ manske
|
#  androgyne ⇄ wenle
|-
#  gender-neutral ⇄ nukjon (nutrei-kjon)
!'''Past'''
#  genderless ⇄ zukjon (zunte-kjon)
|hav'''d''' ⇄ had
#  cultural gender ⇄ qukjon (qultural-kjon)
|hav'''de''' ⇄ was/were having
#  inter(-sex/-gender) ⇄ jinen(-sec/-kjon)
|'''had'''hav ⇄ had had
#  endo(-sex/cisgender) ⇄ ine(-sec/-kjon)
|
#  trans(-sexual/-gender) ⇄ tverc(-sec/-kjon)
|-
#  diverse/variating/queer ⇄ veirai
!'''Future'''
# human ⇄ huumas
|'''vil''' hav ⇄ will have
# child/youngling ⇄ kind
|'''vil''' hav'''e''' ⇄ will be having
# child/offspring  ⇄ cinder
|'''vil''' '''ha'''hav ⇄ will have had
# lifepartner/martial partner ⇄ jaing (extension of "jaik")
|
# parent ⇄ elder
|-
# animal ⇄ diir
!'''Conditional'''
# fish ⇄ fic
|
# bird ⇄ fogel
|
# dog ⇄ hund
|'''skalde''' '''ha'''hav ⇄ would have had
# louse ⇄ laus
|'''skalde''' hav ⇄ would have
# snake ⇄ clang
|-
# worm ⇄ wurm
|}
#  nature ⇄ natuur
 
# tree ⇄ trai
=====Verb suffixes=====
# forest ⇄ skoog
-'''en''' ⇄ (making-verb)
# stick ⇄ stape
 
# fruit ⇄ fruut
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 550px; text-align:center;"
# seed ⇄ saed
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
# leaf ⇄ lauv
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(Making-verb)'''
# root ⇄ wrootcel
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Progressive'''
# bark (of a tree) ⇄ bark
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example phrase'''
# flower ⇄ blom
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example phrase'''
# grass ⇄ grais
|-
# rope ⇄ roup
!'''vit ⇄ white'''
#  body ⇄ bodi
|vit'''en''' ⇄ whiten
# organ ⇄ organ
|vit'''e''' ⇄ whitening
# skin ⇄ skind
|vit'''en''' de tands ⇄ whiten the teeth
# leather ⇄ leder
|de vit'''e''' of de tands ⇄ the whitening of the teeth
# scale ⇄ sqeil
|-
# meat ⇄ flec
|}
# blood ⇄ blut
 
# bone ⇄ boun
'''rii'''- ⇄ (repeat)
# fat (noun) ⇄ feit
 
# grease ⇄ greis
'''un'''- ⇄ (deprive)
# mucle ⇄ muskel
 
# guts ⇄ darm
'''ike-'''- ⇄ (negate)
# heart ⇄ hart
 
# brain ⇄ breihin
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 550px; text-align:center;"
# liver ⇄ leever
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
# egg ⇄ eig
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(repeat)'''
# spit/saliva ⇄ speit
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(deprive)'''
# earwax ⇄ oorvax
! style="width: 220px; " |'''(negate)'''
# sweat ⇄ sveit
|-
# snot ⇄ snot
!'''vit ⇄ white'''
# bugger ⇄ buge
|'''rii'''vit'''en''' ⇄ rewhiten
# teardrop ⇄ treen
|'''un'''vit'''en''' ⇄ unwhiten
# sleepies/eye gunk ⇄ sleps
|'''ike-'''vit ⇄ non-white
# horn ⇄ horn
|-
# stinger ⇄ stakel
|}
# antenna ⇄ anten
 
# tail ⇄ stvan
=====Modal auxiliary verbs=====
# feather ⇄ veder
berhauce ⇄ need
# hair ⇄ har
 
# fur ⇄ fel
brauke ⇄ brukar (SE)/usually do
# head ⇄ hovd
 
# face ⇄ sicte
burte ⇄ ought
# chin ⇄ cin
 
# cheek ⇄ cing
durfo ⇄ may/permitted to/allowed to/få (SE)/dürf (DE)
# ear ⇄ oor
 
# auricle ⇄ oormucel
kan ⇄ can/to be able
# eye ⇄ ooge
 
# eyelid ⇄ oogelid
kaunde ⇄ could
# eyelash ⇄ wimper
 
# eyebrow ⇄ oogebrei
moug ⇄ might
# nose ⇄ noose
 
# nostril ⇄ noostril
must ⇄ must
#  snout ⇄ snuut
 
# mouth ⇄ mund
skal ⇄ shall
# beard ⇄ bard
 
# mustasch ⇄ mustac
skalde ⇄ would
# lip ⇄ lip
 
# tooth ⇄ tand
taure ⇄ dare
# tongue ⇄ tunge
 
# foot ⇄ fut
vil ⇄ will/going to
# toe ⇄ too
 
# heel ⇄ heil
wilte ⇄ want
# leg ⇄ leg
 
# knee ⇄ knii
===Adjective comparison===
# kneepit (kneefold) ⇄ kniiboug
-'''er''' ⇄ (comparative)
# thigh ⇄ daig
 
# groin ⇄ laist
-'''est''' ⇄ (superlative)
# hand ⇄ hand
 
# nail (body part) ⇄ nagel
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
# wing ⇄ ving
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
# belly ⇄ belai
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Positive/Negative'''
#  waist ⇄ taile
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Comparative'''
#  bellybutton ⇄ naavel
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Superlative'''
#  stomach ⇄ maage
|-
#  hals (DE/SE)/neck-/-throat ⇄ halse
!'''Adjective'''
# neck ⇄ nek
|groos
#  throat ⇄ froot
|groos'''er'''
#  back ⇄ rug
|groos'''est'''
# breast/boob ⇄ brost
|-
#  chest ⇄ cest
|}
#  nipple ⇄ nipel
<small>'''Example:''' Et sain groos. ⇄ It is big.
#  ass/butt ⇄ bump
 
#  buttcheek ⇄ cink/gluut
'''Example:''' Et sain grooser dan dat. ⇄ It is larger than that.
#  anus ⇄ anus
 
#  urethra ⇄ uretra
'''Example:''' Et sain (de) groosest. ⇄ It is the largest.
#  vagina ⇄ vagin
 
#  vagina (juvenile) ⇄ vip
'''Example:''' Et sain klain. ⇄ It is small.
#  clitoris ⇄ klitoris
 
#  womb ⇄ wuum
'''Example:''' Et sain klainer dan dat. ⇄ It is smaller than that.
#  ovary ⇄ oovery
 
#  ovum ⇄ oovum
'''Example:''' Et sain (de) klainest. ⇄ It is the smallest.
#  penis ⇄ peenis
 
#  penis (juvenile) ⇄ pik
'''Example:''' Et sain fiiler dan dat. ⇄ It is more than that.
#  scrotum/ballsack ⇄ skrung
 
#  (collective word for penis and scrotum) ⇄ prung
'''Example:''' Et sain klimer dan dat. ⇄ It is less than that.
#  glans ⇄ gleiskel
 
#  testicle ⇄ testikel
'''Example:''' Jaik wilte meer. ⇄ I want (even) more.
#  sperm ⇄ sperm
 
# to drink ⇄ dringken
'''Example:''' Jaik wilte haven vleere. ⇄ I want to have several ones.</small>
# to eat ⇄ spiitsen
 
#  to nibble ⇄ knibelen
=====Vocabulary=====
# to bite ⇄ baiten
dan ⇄ than
# to suck ⇄ saugen
 
# to spit ⇄ speiten
dat ⇄ that
# to vomit ⇄ sparfen
 
# to blow ⇄ blousen
de ⇄ the
# to breathe ⇄ andemen
 
# to laugh ⇄ lahen
et ⇄ it
# to see ⇄ siien
 
# to hear ⇄ hooren
fiil ⇄ many/much/a lot
# to know ⇄ visten
 
# to think ⇄ tengken
groos ⇄ big
# to smell ⇄ raukten
 
#  to taste ⇄ spruufen
hav ⇄ have
#  to feel (emotionally) ⇄ kenden
 
#  to feel (physicaly) ⇄ fuulen
jaik ⇄ I
#  to touch ⇄ rooren
 
#  to sense ⇄ sensen
klain ⇄ small
# to fear ⇄ frangsten
 
# to sleep ⇄ slaapen
klim ⇄ little
# to live ⇄ leven
 
# to die ⇄ cdurden
meer ⇄ even more/additional
# to kill ⇄ douden
 
# to fight (combat) ⇄ straiden
sain ⇄ am/is/are
# to fight (struggle) ⇄ kempen
 
# to hunt ⇄ jakten
vleere ⇄ several
# to hit ⇄ slaagen
 
# to cut ⇄ cneiden
wilte ⇄ want
# to chop ⇄ haken
 
# to stab ⇄ staben
=====Adjective suffix=====
# to share ⇄ deelen
 
# to split ⇄ spliten
-'''ic''' ⇄ (making-adjective)/(having qualities of)
# to scratch ⇄ skrapsen
 
# to dig ⇄ graven
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 500px; text-align:center;"
# to swim ⇄ swimen
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Example'''
# to fly ⇄ fliigen
! style="width: 220px; " |'''gold ⇄ gold'''
# to walk/go ⇄ gouen
! style="width: 220px; " |'''hund ⇄ dog'''
# to come ⇄ komen
|-
# to lie (lay) ⇄ leegen
!-'''ic'''
# to sit ⇄ siten
|gold'''ic'''
# to stand ⇄ standen
|hund'''ic'''
# to turn (intransitive) ⇄ dreiden
|-
# to rise ⇄ staigen
|}
# to fall ⇄ falen
 
# to give ⇄ geeven
===Personal pronouns===
# to take ⇄ neimen
{| class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 1000px; text-align:center;"
# to hold ⇄ halden
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Personal pronouns'''
# to squeeze ⇄ sqeesen
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Nominative'''
# to rub ⇄ ruben
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Possesive'''
# to wash ⇄ vasen
! style="width: 220px; " |'''Reflexive'''
# to wipe ⇄ drooken
|-
# to pull ⇄ pulen
!'''1st person'''
# to push ⇄ druken
|jaik ⇄ I
# to throw ⇄ troiven
vii ⇄ we
#  to catch ⇄ fangen
|jaikse ⇄ my/mine
# to tie ⇄ binden
viise ⇄ our/ours
# to sew ⇄ snaien
|jaikself ⇄ myself
# to count ⇄ reekenen
viiselfs ⇄ ourselves
# to say ⇄ saagen
|-
# to sing ⇄ singen
!'''2nd person'''
# to play ⇄ spleien
|duu ⇄ you (s.)
# to float ⇄ flouten
juu ⇄ you (pl.)
# to sink ⇄ zingken
|duuse ⇄ your/yours (s.)
# to flow ⇄ flouen
juuse ⇄ you/yours (pl.)
# to swell ⇄ svelen
|duuself ⇄ yourself (s.)
# to freeze ⇄ friisen
juuselfs ⇄ yourselves (pl.)
# to burn ⇄ branden
|-
#  body of fire ⇄ fiierbodi
!'''3rd person'''
#  fire ⇄ fiier
|xiin ⇄ they/this one (s. proximate./former. standard)
#  sun ⇄ son
 
#  star ⇄ ster
diin ⇄ they/that one (s. obviative./post-former.)
#  body of earth ⇄ erdbodi
 
#  earth ⇄ erd
et ⇄ it
#  moon ⇄ mon
 
#  salt ⇄ salt
dei ⇄ they (pl.)
#  stone ⇄ steen
 
#  dust ⇄ stov
|xiinse ⇄ theirs (s.)
#  gravel ⇄ graus
 
#  asphalt ⇄ asfalt
diinse ⇄ theirs (s.)
#  boulder ⇄ boulder
 
#  ash ⇄ ask
etse ⇄ its
#  mountain ⇄ berg
 
#  hill ⇄ houvel
deise ⇄ theirs (pl.)
# sand ⇄ sand
|xiinself ⇄ themself (s.)
# road ⇄ veig
 
# earthquake ⇄ erdbeeving
diinself ⇄ themself (s.)
#  body of water ⇄ vaaterbodi
 
# water ⇄ vaater
etself ⇄ itself
#  drop ⇄ drop
 
#  rain ⇄ regen
deiselfs ⇄ themselves (pl.)
# river ⇄ flusd
|-
# lake ⇄ see
!'''4th person'''
# sea ⇄ haav
|eim ⇄ one
#  waterstream ⇄ vaaterstroum
|eimse ⇄ one's
#  waterfall ⇄ vaaterfal
|eimself ⇄ oneself
#  snow ⇄ snee
|}
#  ice ⇄ ais
 
# fog ⇄ neevel
===Numerals===
# mist ⇄ mist
Ordinal numbers are marked by adding the suffix "-ce"
# tsunami ⇄ tsunaami
 
#  body of air ⇄ luftbodi
===Capitalization===
#  air ⇄ luft
Capital letters are used for the first word of a sentence and for proper nouns.
# cloud ⇄ woln
 
# sky ⇄ himel
The proper nouns in Germian are exclusively: personal names, place names, titles and organization names.
# wind ⇄ wind
 
# smoke ⇄ rook
==Dictionary==
# tornado ⇄ tornaado
===Phrases===
#  color ⇄ kolur
{| class="wikitable sortable"
#  paint ⇄ farb
|-
# red ⇄ roud
| Jaik heiten... ⇄ My name is... || jaik ⇄ I || heiten ⇄ to be referred to as/heter (SE)/heiße (DE)
# orange ⇄ oranc
|-
# yellow ⇄ gelu
| Vat sain duuse name? ⇄ What is your name? || name ⇄ name || Spraten duu... ⇄ Do you speak...
# lime ⇄ laim
|-
# green ⇄ grun
| Jaik spraten nite... ⇄ I don't speak... || Jaik verctond nite. ⇄ I don't understand. || Veir sain de toilet? ⇄ Where is the toilet?
# turquoise ⇄ turkois
|-
# cyan ⇄ cyan
| Vur sain duu?/Vur sain et? ⇄ How are you?/How is it?/How is it going? || Sain duu okee/ok? ⇄ Are you okay? || Sain et okee/ok? ⇄ Is it going okay?
# azure ⇄ azor
|-
# blue ⇄ blo
| okee/ok ⇄ okay/ok || jaa ⇄ yes || nei ⇄ no
# purple ⇄ prila
|-
# magenta ⇄ magent
| njei ⇄ (yes/no)/well || jee ⇄ yeah || naa ⇄ nah
# cerise ⇄ ceri
|-
# white ⇄ vit
| maince ⇄ maybe || natuurlic ⇄ of course || kain problem ⇄ no problem
# gray ⇄ gro
|-
# black ⇄ svart
| antswer ⇄ answer || genau/exakt/presiic/korekt/ret ⇄ exactly/precisely/correct/right || inkorekt/falc ⇄ incorrect/false/wrong
# brown (dark orange/orange-like colors) ⇄ brun
|-
# pink (pale red, magenta, cerise) ⇄ rooz
| tangke ⇄ thanks || tangke duu/juu (s./pl.) ⇄ thank you || fiil tangke ⇄ thank you very much
# light ⇄ lict
|-
# hazy ⇄ hazi
| stop! ⇄ stop! || help ⇄ help || akta! ⇄ look out!
# dark ⇄ dunkel
|-
# night ⇄ nact
| sori ⇄ sorry || sploristop ⇄ sorry, but please lets stop/end this || pardon ⇄ excuse me
# day ⇄ daag
|-
# year ⇄ jaur
| spliifst ⇄ please || ckol ⇄ cheers || grelsing ⇄ greeting
# warm ⇄ varm
|-
# cold ⇄ kald
| haloo ⇄ hello || hae ⇄ hi || hei ⇄ hey
# full ⇄ fol
|-
# empty ⇄ lemtom
| dae ⇄ good day/bye/dag (NE) || guutein ⇄ have a good one/goodbye || cau ⇄ bye
# new ⇄ nue
|-
# old ⇄ old
| adjoo ⇄ adieu || ferwel ⇄ farewell || sees vii ⇄ see you/see you later
# good ⇄ guut
|-
# bad ⇄ slect
| wilkom ⇄ welcome/you're welcome || moost wilkom ⇄ most welcome/you are most welcome || guut morgen ⇄ good morning
# ripe/mature ⇄ raif
|-
# rotten ⇄ rotnen
| guut daag ⇄ good day || guut naftermiddaag ⇄ good afternoon || guut aufend ⇄ good evening
# clean ⇄ crein
|-
# dirty ⇄ smotsic
| guut nact ⇄ good night || jaik eliibe duu ⇄ I love you || Vur fiil sain dit? ⇄ How much is this?
# straight ⇄ strak
|-
# bent ⇄ bougd
|}
# round ⇄ rund
# sharp (as a knife) ⇄ cerp
# dull (as a knife) ⇄ dulp
# smooth ⇄ glat
#  ragged ⇄ rugd
# wet ⇄ vnot
# dry ⇄ drog
# near ⇄ neer
# far ⇄ faar
# right ⇄ rect
# left ⇄ lingks
#  center ⇄ centraal
#  north ⇄ nord
#  south ⇄ saud
#  east ⇄ oust
#  west ⇄ vest
# at ⇄ aton
# in ⇄ in
# with ⇄ mit
# and ⇄ end
# if ⇄ ifals
# because ⇄ soodat
# name ⇄ name
# correct ⇄ korekt
}}


===Swadesh+===
===Nouns===
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
'''noom ⇄ noun'''
# I ⇄ jaik
 
# we ⇄ vii
'''{{term|People/Family/Relation}}'''
# you (singular) ⇄ duu
 
# you (plural) ⇄ juu
'''{{term|Sexology}}'''
# they (singular proximate) ⇄ xiin
 
# they (singular obviative) ⇄ diin
'''{{term|Elements}}'''
# they (plural) ⇄ dei
 
# this ⇄ dit
'''{{term|World parts}}'''
# that ⇄ dat
 
# here ⇄ heir
'''{{term|Languages}}'''
# there ⇄ daar
 
# who ⇄ viim
'''{{term|Time}}'''
#  whose ⇄ viis
 
# what ⇄ vat
'''{{term|Nature}}'''
#  which ⇄ velke
 
#  why ⇄ vatfuur
'''{{term|Animals}}'''
# where ⇄ veir
 
# when ⇄ van
'''{{term|Ability/Aid}}'''
# how ⇄ vur
 
#  what kind of/what something's like ⇄ vurvat
===Verbs===
# not ⇄ nite
'''{{term|Common verbs}}'''
# all ⇄ al
 
#  none, no, not any ⇄ kain
'''{{term|Relation/Family}}'''
# many ⇄ fiil
 
# few ⇄ veenig
===Adjectives===
# some ⇄ somige
'''adjektiv ⇄ adjective'''
# other ⇄ aader
 
# one ⇄ ein
'''{{term|Common adjectives}}'''
# two ⇄ tvei
 
# three ⇄ drii
'''{{term|Colors}}'''
# four ⇄ fiir
 
# five ⇄ faif
'''{{term|Family/Relation}}'''
# big ⇄ groos
 
# small ⇄ klain
===Adverbs===
# long ⇄ lang
'''adverb ⇄ adverb'''
# short ⇄ kort
 
# wide ⇄ breid
'''{{term|Common adverbs}}'''
# narrow ⇄ smaal
 
# thick ⇄ dik
==='''{{term|Prepositions}}'''===
# thin ⇄ dun
 
# heavy ⇄ cveer
==='''{{term|Numerals}}'''===
#  light ⇄ leict
 
# female ⇄ femlin
'''{{term|Numerical/Mathematical words}}'''
# male ⇄ manske
 
#  androgyne ⇄ wenle
==='''{{term|Pronouns}}'''===
#  gender-neutral ⇄ nukjon (nutrei-kjon)
 
#  genderless ⇄ zukjon (zunte-kjon)
==='''{{term|Interjections}}'''===
#  cultural gender ⇄ qukjon (qultural-kjon)
 
#  inter(-sex/-gender) ⇄ jinen(-sec/-kjon)
==='''{{term|Conjunctions/Subjunctions}}'''===
#  endo(-sex/cisgender) ⇄ ine(-sec/-kjon)
 
#  trans(-sexual/-gender) ⇄ tverc(-sec/-kjon)
==Culture==
#  diverse/variating/queer ⇄ veirai
 
# human ⇄ huumas
 
# child/youngling ⇄ kind
===Cultural philosophy===
# child/offspring  ⇄ cinder
('''Stoicism + Buddhism + Absurdism + Individual reflection''')
# lifepartner/martial partner ⇄ jaing (extension of "jaik")
 
# parent ⇄ elder
'''Stance on higher power'''
# animal ⇄ diir
 
# fish ⇄ fic
1. Does not believe in any higher power(s).
# bird ⇄ fogel
 
# dog ⇄ hund
2. Everything can be explained by science, only our knowledge is limited.
# louse ⇄ laus
 
# snake ⇄ clang
3. Instead of following a faith, one follows philosophy and a just lifestyle:
# worm ⇄ wurm
 
#  nature ⇄ natuur
If there is any higher power(s) and they're just, then you will be rewarded by your virtuous acts.
# tree ⇄ trai
 
# forest ⇄ skoog
If there is any higher power(s) and they're unjust, then you shouldn't want to follow them anyways.
# stick ⇄ stape
 
# fruit ⇄ fruut
If there is no higher power(s), then your virtuous acts will live on in the memory of your loved ones.
# seed ⇄ saed
 
# leaf ⇄ lauv
 
# root ⇄ wrootcel
'''Stance on life, death and time'''
# bark (of a tree) ⇄ bark
 
# flower ⇄ blom
1. There most probably nothing after death, since every idea of what we think as an afterlife is just our wishful thinking that we have no basis for believing in.
# grass ⇄ grais
 
# rope ⇄ roup
 
#  body ⇄ bodi
2. Existence has no inherent meaning. Although life doesn't "lack" meaning because there was never room for meaning to begin with, life is a fact not a meaning.
# organ ⇄ organ
 
# skin ⇄ skind
 
# leather ⇄ leder
3. Humans have an inherent need for meaning in a universe were meaning is irrelevant, this is absurd. We either tend to make a leap of faith to something abstract and irrational or turn to physical escape or destruction to escape this absurdity, but one ought to embrace the absurdity instead.
# scale ⇄ sqeil
 
# meat ⇄ flec
 
# blood ⇄ blut
4. However, one should not reject life nor turn to faith when facing this crippling reality. One should instead accept this fact and still rejoice in life and its small things despite or because of their "lack of" meaning, because the fact of these things existing ought to be enough. Or if you will, may the joy and appreciation of "meaninglessness" be an act of rebellion.
# bone ⇄ boun
 
# fat (noun) ⇄ feit
 
# grease ⇄ greis
5. Death is not the opposite of life, but an innate preconditioned part of it. Death is not something to fear, avoid, lament or hate. Death is outside our control, our view of death is our responsibility, and we can learn to accept it as a part of life, as neither good nor bad. Grief is of course important when experiencing the death of someone, and it ought to be practiced in a healthy way.
# mucle ⇄ muskel
 
# guts ⇄ darm
 
# heart ⇄ hart
6. "Memento mori" - "Remember that one [has to] die" works as a reminder of one's mortality and inevitable death. It gives one perspective on life to value one's time since one has been given time in the first place.
# brain ⇄ breihin
 
# liver ⇄ leever
 
# egg ⇄ eig
7. "Protect time like your money". Value your time and don't waste any time in the day on the trivial and vain. Don't waste time worrying on problems one can't do anything about, and act instead of worry about problems one can do something about.
# spit/saliva ⇄ speit
 
# earwax ⇄ oorvax
 
# sweat ⇄ sveit
8. Try to remember and cherish more than regret or mourning things and experiences.
# snot ⇄ snot
 
# bugger ⇄ buge
 
# teardrop ⇄ treen
'''Stance on ego and identity'''
# sleepies/eye gunk ⇄ sleps
 
# horn ⇄ horn
Ancient stoic take on ego death. Modern usage of ego deaths usually refers to our self-esteem, and our tendency to defend our self-esteem against attack, and our tendency to view the world in terms of our perceived identities. For example, if people identify themselves in terms of their political preferences or their social status or their skill set, then they will defend these abstractions as they defend themselves, and they will interact with the world as members of these groups.
# stinger ⇄ stakel
 
# antenna ⇄ anten
The ancient Stoics would say that all of these things are external to us, that they come and go and there is no need to cling to them, and that it is a falsehood to identify one's self with them. Our real selves, as they see it, are our judgment and our will, our capacity for choice and experience. The part of you that is convinced of things, and that chooses things, is the real you. Everything else is external to you, a thing that you might enjoy or use while it is available, but not part of your core self.
# tail ⇄ stvan
 
# feather ⇄ veder
We are entities, we have ideas and beliefs of who we are that we identify with. These are identities. Identities might help convey information, but are in actuality external to us. We ought to stop forming self-images of ourselves from these identities since these external views of ourselves are clouding our experience as self-entities. This is because our self-entities are in fact impossible for us to concretely think of.
# hair ⇄ har
 
# fur ⇄ fel
Remove external beliefs/ideas of what you think you are and realize that you can't actually think of yourself. Reach ego-death. When you feel hurt/triggered by potential "harm" in social situations, it is just the false idea (based on external things) of what you think you are (self-image) that gets threatened.
# head ⇄ hovd
 
# face ⇄ sicte
Unblock your survival from fear, pleasure from regret, willpower from shame, love from grief, truth from lies, insight from illusion and pure conscience of experience from worldly desires to reach one’s own full and true potential.
# chin ⇄ cin
 
# cheek ⇄ cing
 
# ear ⇄ oor
 
# auricle ⇄ oormucel
'''Disciplines/Principles/Practices'''
# eye ⇄ ooge
 
# eyelid ⇄ oogelid
1. Only virtue is good, only vice is bad, everything else is indifferent. Virtue is sufficient for happiness.
# eyelash ⇄ wimper
 
# eyebrow ⇄ oogebrei
Practice and strive for the 4 stoic virtues: Justice, wisdom, temperance and courage. Avoid the 4 vices: Injustice, foolishness, intemperance and cowardice.
# nose ⇄ noose
 
# nostril ⇄ noostril
Wisdom means being able to tell what's right and what's wrong without prejudice, approaching everything  logically and calmy and understand what is to be chosen or avoided. Justice means to always be fair and do the right thing even when something is wrong. Courage is to do the right thing even if you feel like it can be harmful for you, facing challenges and struggles without complaint, applying wisdom to things we fear. Temperance is the willpower for volontary self-restraint and moderation to things we are attracted to and ought not to be gluttoned.
#  snout ⇄ snuut
 
# mouth ⇄ mund
 
# beard ⇄ bard
2. After the first impression, interpretation of reality, and emotional analysis of an event, one should not go for the emotional response, one should instead make a rational analysis and then a rational response.
# mustasch ⇄ mustac
 
# lip ⇄ lip
 
# tooth ⇄ tand
3. Anger is an emotion that erodes the fabric of who we are. Thus one ought to learn how to control it. "One's anger is more likely to do more harm than how much someone is wrong".
# tongue ⇄ tunge
 
# foot ⇄ fut
 
# toe ⇄ too
4. “The Discipline of Desire”, which has to do with acceptance of our fate.
# heel ⇄ heil
Don't waste time on things you can't control or influence. Don’t desire what is out of your control e.g. never to die, never get sick, never get in an accident etc. Once something that's outside of your control happens, you make the best of what you got at hand to deal with it. Prepare yourself for the worst possible outcomes based on the true nature of things and hope for the best. Having an idealized fantasy as the expected outcome (desiring something unnatural) is going to crush you every time. It’s ok to prefer that the thing you desire won't turn bad, but know it is in the realm of possibilities that it will. Play by nature’s rules, and don’t desire the outcome to be anything outside of the realm of possibilities.
# leg ⇄ leg
 
# knee ⇄ knii
 
# kneepit (kneefold) ⇄ kniiboug
• “The Discipline of Action”, which has to do with philanthropy or love of humankind.
# thigh ⇄ daig
 
# groin ⇄ laist
Mastering impulse to act and impulse not to act. This is a gentler form of desire and aversion. We are to appeal to different roles we have. These form a hierarchy.
# hand ⇄ hand
 
# nail (body part) ⇄ nagel
[1] Universal role as a human being.
# wing ⇄ ving
 
# belly ⇄ belai
At the top of the list is health and taking care of ourselves. The next thing we do is to appeal to our particular talents, and cultivate what we're best at and most interested in. This is going towards your nature. To go against your nature would be to pursue things that you're not really interested in.
#  waist ⇄ taile
 
#  bellybutton ⇄ naavel
[2] Appealing to our specific relationships with other people. Am I a parent, a partner, a friend?
#  stomach ⇄ maage
 
#  hals (DE/SE)/neck-/-throat ⇄ halse
An example that Epictetus uses is a father who is not able to care for his sick daughter. He runs away from his daughter, he leaves the house, he can't handle the fact that his daughter might die.
# neck ⇄ nek
 
#  throat ⇄ froot
The idea here is that this is not someone who has mastered desire and aversion. He thinks death is a bad thing, he's afraid of his daughter dying, he hasn't come to terms with what his ultimate value system should be under the Stoic picture. And because of that, it is interfering with his capacity to fulfill his obligation to other people. He's not able to fulfill his obligation as a father because he's still afraid.
#  back ⇄ rug
 
# breast/boob ⇄ brost
[3] Preference
#  chest ⇄ cest
 
#  nipple ⇄ nipel
If it doesn't go against reason, if it doesn't go against your interests, if it doesn't go against your relationships with other people, you are free to choose whatever you prefer.
#  ass/butt ⇄ bump
 
#  buttcheek ⇄ cink/gluut
 
#  anus ⇄ anus
• “The Discipline of Assent”, which has to do with mindfulness of our judgements.
#  urethra ⇄ uretra
 
#  vagina ⇄ vagin
Assent means agreement. The discipline of assent involves making correct judgements about the nature of the external world and events that occur in it.
#  vagina (juvenile) ⇄ vip
 
#  clitoris ⇄ klitoris
As a practicing Stoic, we need to know that we assent to value judgements of things that occur around us that were made by us consciously or unconsciously. This can affect how we feel about the event.
#  womb ⇄ wuum
 
#  ovary ⇄ oovery
We can use a three step process of- Stop it, Strip it and See it.
#  ovum ⇄ oovum
 
#  penis ⇄ peenis
Step 1: Stop it- Stop the value judgment in its tracks. See that you can stop it before it can affect you.
#  penis (juvenile) ⇄ pik
 
#  scrotum/ballsack ⇄ skrung
Step 2: Strip it- Strip the value judgment and see through it. Most things that we perceive are nothing more than mere indifference that we can see through if we take a moment to observe it more clearly. As Marcus Aurelius writes in Meditations, "When you have savories and fine dishes set before you, you will gain an idea of their nature if you tell yourself that this is the corpse of a fish, and that the corpse of a bird or a pig; or again, that fine Falernian wine is merely grape-juice, and this purple robe some sheep’s wool dipped in the blood of a shellfish; and as for sexual intercourse, it is the friction of a piece of gut and, following a sort of convulsion, the expulsion of mucus." (VI.13)  
#  (collective word for penis and scrotum) ⇄ prung
 
#  glans ⇄ gleiskel
Step 3: See it- See the event from a cosmic viewpoint. Whatever is happening at that moment may seem out of ordinary and inconvenient but try to look at it in the grander scheme of things. Maybe this was always supposed to happen and what has happened may have set a new course for you.
#  testicle ⇄ testikel
 
#  sperm ⇄ sperm
 
# to drink ⇄ dringken
5. Practice mindfulness and seek nature to find clarity
# to eat ⇄ spiitsen
 
#  to nibble ⇄ knibelen
 
# to bite ⇄ baiten
6. Follow the 5 Buddhist precepts as a form of standard behavior: Don't abuse words, don't abuse senses, don't intoxicate, don't take what is not given and don't kill.
# to suck ⇄ saugen
 
# to spit ⇄ speiten
 
# to vomit ⇄ sparfen
7. Acknowledge, appreciate, respect and value: Nature and life, others' humanity and diversity, learning new things, experiences and change.
# to blow ⇄ blousen
 
# to breathe ⇄ andemen
 
# to laugh ⇄ lahen
8. Practice responsibility and kindness, avoid laziness and cruelty
# to see ⇄ siien
 
# to hear ⇄ hooren
 
# to know ⇄ visten
9. Always remember to be responsible and to mindfully organize these 7 things when one is lost: self, health, environment, relationships, work, interests and experiences.
# to think ⇄ tengken
 
# to smell ⇄ raukten
 
#  to taste ⇄ spruufen
10. One ought to follow a Nonviolent Communication (NVC) style, also called Giraffe language, to reach the most effective, optimal and rational conclusion. Explain the situation/problem, explain how it affects, explain what is needed, and give suggestions how to compromise.
#  to feel (emotionally) ⇄ kenden
 
#  to feel (physicaly) ⇄ fuulen
===Cultural cuisine===
#  to touch ⇄ rooren
 
#  to sense ⇄ sensen
===Cultural prosoponyms===
# to fear ⇄ frangsten
'''Cultural Germian personal names''' (lacking meaning and gender)
# to sleep ⇄ slaapen
 
# to live ⇄ leven
Aic
# to die ⇄ cdurden
 
# to kill ⇄ douden
Alet
# to fight (combat) ⇄ straiden
 
# to fight (struggle) ⇄ kempen
Alix
# to hunt ⇄ jakten
 
# to hit ⇄ slaagen
Aspi
# to cut ⇄ cneiden
 
# to chop ⇄ haken
Aulim
# to stab ⇄ staben
 
# to share ⇄ deelen
Beili
# to split ⇄ spliten
 
# to scratch ⇄ skrapsen
Bili
# to dig ⇄ graven
 
# to swim ⇄ swimen
Bjel
# to fly ⇄ fliigen
 
# to walk/go ⇄ gouen
Caarli
# to come ⇄ komen
 
# to lie (lay) ⇄ leegen
Cansii
# to sit ⇄ siten
 
# to stand ⇄ standen
Deviv
# to turn (intransitive) ⇄ dreiden
 
# to rise ⇄ staigen
Eedam
# to fall ⇄ falen
 
# to give ⇄ geeven
Eerin
# to take ⇄ neimen
 
# to hold ⇄ halden
Eevis
# to squeeze ⇄ sqeesen
 
# to rub ⇄ ruben
Eilex
# to wash ⇄ vasen
 
# to wipe ⇄ drooken
Eica
# to pull ⇄ pulen
 
# to push ⇄ druken
Evlet
# to throw ⇄ troiven
 
#  to catch ⇄ fangen
Ezin
# to tie ⇄ binden
 
# to sew ⇄ snaien
Feeli
# to count ⇄ reekenen
 
# to say ⇄ saagen
Gliio
# to sing ⇄ singen
 
# to play ⇄ spleien
Haime
# to float ⇄ flouten
 
# to sink ⇄ zingken
Iiden
# to flow ⇄ flouen
 
# to swell ⇄ svelen
Iikiv
# to freeze ⇄ friisen
 
# to burn ⇄ branden
Ikim
#  body of fire ⇄ fiierbodi
 
#  fire ⇄ fiier
Iz
#  sun ⇄ son
 
#  star ⇄ ster
Jei
#  body of earth ⇄ erdbodi
 
#  earth ⇄ erd
Jeimly
#  moon ⇄ mon
 
#  salt ⇄ salt
Jesin
#  stone ⇄ steen
 
#  dust ⇄ stov
Jii
#  gravel ⇄ graus
 
#  asphalt ⇄ asfalt
Joisen
#  boulder ⇄ boulder
 
#  ash ⇄ ask
Jota
#  mountain ⇄ berg
 
#  hill ⇄ houvel
Jyn
# sand ⇄ sand
 
# road ⇄ veig
Keea
# earthquake ⇄ erdbeeving
 
#  body of water ⇄ vaaterbodi
Kei
# water ⇄ vaater
 
#  drop ⇄ drop
Kelty
#  rain ⇄ regen
 
# river ⇄ flusd
Kiia
# lake ⇄ see
 
# sea ⇄ haav
Kimi
#  waterstream ⇄ vaaterstroum
 
#  waterfall ⇄ vaaterfal
Klei
#  snow ⇄ snee
 
#  ice ⇄ ais
Kouli
# fog ⇄ neevel
 
# mist ⇄ mist
Kyn
# tsunami ⇄ tsunaami
 
#  body of air ⇄ luftbodi
Kyvi
#  air ⇄ luft
 
# cloud ⇄ woln
Laarem
# sky ⇄ himel
 
# wind ⇄ wind
Lenuu
# smoke ⇄ rook
 
# tornado ⇄ tornaado
Lexin
#  color ⇄ kolur
 
#  paint ⇄ farb
Lii
# red ⇄ roud
 
# orange ⇄ oranc
Lonel
# yellow ⇄ gelu
 
# lime ⇄ laim
Lyrik
# green ⇄ grun
 
# turquoise ⇄ turkois
Lysu
# cyan ⇄ cyan
 
# azure ⇄ azor
Marjom
# blue ⇄ blo
 
# purple ⇄ prila
Miica
# magenta ⇄ magent
 
# cerise ⇄ ceri
Mika
# white ⇄ vit
 
# gray ⇄ gro
Muue
# black ⇄ svart
 
# brown (dark orange/orange-like colors) ⇄ brun
Naaga
# pink (pale red, magenta, cerise) ⇄ rooz
 
# light ⇄ lict
Ngoli
# hazy ⇄ hazi
 
# dark ⇄ dunkel
Ngiika
# night ⇄ nact
 
# day ⇄ daag
Nixei
# year ⇄ jaur
 
# warm ⇄ varm
Olasa
# cold ⇄ kald
 
# full ⇄ fol
Oili
# empty ⇄ lemtom
 
# new ⇄ nue
Ouza
# old ⇄ old
 
# good ⇄ guut
Peit
# bad ⇄ slect
 
# ripe/mature ⇄ raif
Qaali
# rotten ⇄ rotnen
 
# clean ⇄ crein
Qarel
# dirty ⇄ smotsic
 
# straight ⇄ strak
Qen
# bent ⇄ bougd
# round ⇄ rund
# sharp (as a knife) ⇄ cerp
# dull (as a knife) ⇄ dulp
# smooth ⇄ glat
#  ragged ⇄ rugd
# wet ⇄ vnot
# dry ⇄ drog
# near ⇄ neer
# far ⇄ faar
# right ⇄ rect
# left ⇄ lingks
#  center ⇄ centraal
#  north ⇄ nord
#  south ⇄ saud
#  east ⇄ oust
#  west ⇄ vest
# at ⇄ aton
# in ⇄ in
# with ⇄ mit
# and ⇄ end
# if ⇄ ifals
# because ⇄ soodat
# name ⇄ name
# correct ⇄ korekt
}}


===Nouns===
Qin
'''noom ⇄ noun'''


'''{{term|People/Family/Relation}}'''
Qonik


'''{{term|Sexology}}'''
Riica


'''{{term|Elements}}'''
Robi


'''{{term|World parts}}'''
Ryli


'''{{term|Languages}}'''
Saca


'''{{term|Time}}'''
Sadiin


'''{{term|Nature}}'''
Saem


'''{{term|Animals}}'''
Seim


'''{{term|Ability/Aid}}'''
Seiwin


===Verbs===
Siien
'''{{term|Common verbs}}'''


'''{{term|Relation/Family}}'''
Solve


===Adjectives===
Tei
'''adjektiv ⇄ adjective'''
 
Tirin


'''{{term|Common adjectives}}'''
Usuj


'''{{term|Colors}}'''
Uuli


'''{{term|Family/Relation}}'''
Vei


===Adverbs===
Venel
'''adverb ⇄ adverb'''


'''{{term|Common adverbs}}'''
Vylyn


==='''{{term|Prepositions}}'''===
Wyn


==='''{{term|Numerals}}'''===
Xima


'''{{term|Numerical/Mathematical words}}'''
Ylois


==='''{{term|Pronouns}}'''===
Yyvei


==='''{{term|Interjections}}'''===
Zene


==='''{{term|Conjunctions/Subjunctions}}'''===
Zia


==Example texts==
==Example texts==
Jeppesper
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