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Nawuhu: Difference between revisions
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Note that ⟨Vv⟩ is a vowel, representing the sound /ʉ/, as well as the sound /ɘ̯/ in intervocalic, non-syllabic positions. | Note that ⟨Vv⟩ is a vowel, representing the sound /ʉ/, as well as the sound /ɘ̯/ in intervocalic, non-syllabic positions. | ||
====Variations==== | ====Variations==== | ||
The romanisation shown above is the Mark Mii romanisation system, which was developed following the Second World War by Mark Mii, who later became president of Wuhu Island, famously meeting with Richard Nixon at the 1972 Delfino Conference. | The romanisation shown above is the Mark Mii romanisation system, which was developed following the Second World War by Mark Mii, who later became president of Wuhu Island, famously meeting with Richard Nixon at the 1972 Delfino Conference. Although this has remained the standard romanisation system of the language since Mark Mii's tenure, some have called for orthographic reform and in some radical cases a completely new system. For example, one topic of controversy is the use of the letter ⟨v⟩ to indicate a vowel(taken from its original pronunciation in [[w:Classical Latin|Classical Latin]]) which many learners, as well as some professional linguists, have expressed disdain towards. The admittedly rather archaic use of ⟨v⟩ to represent a vowel has led many to claim that this contributes to a wider problem with the structure of the romanisation system. | ||
Indeed, the system itself was built quickly out of necessity by Mark Mii as a way to transliterate ancient Nawuhu writing, and he himself admitted he did not take verbal transcription into account when making the system. Nevertheless, it was the first serious attempt of its time, and thus it was rapidly adopted by most of the Wuhu Island archaeologist community, many members of which were personal friends or acquaintances of Mark Mii himself. | |||
Since its establishment as the official romanisation of Nawuhu, some other systems have tried to replace the Mark Mii system. One strong competitor is the ''Apakäaka'' system. This system, created by an actual native Nawuhu speaker, is quite different from the Mark Mii system; for example, /j/ is written ⟨j⟩, /ɕ ʑ/ are written ⟨ś ź⟩ and /e/ is written ⟨ä⟩, and the identical vocalic syllable separation is unmarked instead of marked with an apostrophe. | |||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | ||
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/ɘ/ is an unstressed intervocalic allohpone of /e/ and /ʉ/, e.g. ''[[Contionary:íean|í'''e'''an]]'', "one", pronounced [ˈiɘ̯an]. | /ɘ/ is an unstressed intervocalic allohpone of /e/ and /ʉ/, e.g. ''[[Contionary:íean|í'''e'''an]]'', "one", pronounced [ˈiɘ̯an]. | ||
===Stress and pitch=== | ===Stress and pitch=== | ||
Stressed syllables have their vowels marked with an accute accent to denote its stress. Historically, [[Classical Nâuxu]] had a single pitch accent, the falling tone, akin to the pitch accent in [[w:Swedish language|Swedish]] or [[w:Serbo-Croatian language|Serbo-Croatian]]. Orthographically, this is most often represented by a circumflex accent, ⟨◌̂⟩, such as in the word ''N'''â'''uxu'' "[Classical] Nâuxu", [[Help:IPA|[nâ.ʉhʉ]]]. | Stressed syllables have their vowels marked with an accute accent to denote its stress. Historically, [[Classical Nâuxu]] had a single pitch accent, the falling tone, akin to the pitch accent in [[w:Swedish language|Swedish]] or [[w:Serbo-Croatian language|Serbo-Croatian]]. Orthographically, this is most often represented by a circumflex accent, ⟨◌̂⟩, such as in the word ''N'''â'''-uxu'' "[Classical] Nâuxu", [[Help:IPA|[nâ.ʉhʉ]]]. | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||