Kṽarna: Difference between revisions

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Kṽarna (view source)

Revision as of 16:33, 12 December 2015

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(Created page with "= Kṽarna = {{Infobox language |name = Kwarna |nativename = Kṽarna |pronunciation = [kʍarnɐ] |fam1 = Language isolate |script = Latin script with additions |notice = IPA...")
 
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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|n
|n
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|ɲ
|ŋ
|ŋ
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|t d
|t d
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|ɟ
|k g
|k g
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|ʔ
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|Affricative
|Affricative
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|t͡s
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|tʃ dʒ
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|f v
|f v
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|θ ð
|s z
|s z
|ʃ
|ʃ ʒ
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|ʝ ç
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|ʁ χ
|h
|h
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|Approximant
|Approximant
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|(ʋ)
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|j
|j
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|w ʍ
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|ɬ
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== Ortography ==
== Ortography ==
Kõraakii uses the English alphabet, but with a few extra letters added and a few removed. <br/>
Kwarna uses the Latin alphabet with a couple of extensions
a ã ä b c d e f g h i j k l m n o õ ő p r s t u ũ ű ů v w (y) z<br/>
The double letters in words (e.g tuuka) are used to indicate a long vowel, and a double consonant usually represents a short vowel (e.g hitta). Some of the special letters
have their own short or long version.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Long !! Short !! Pronunciation
|-
| Õ || Ő || [ø:]; [œ]
|-
| Ũ || Ű || [y:]; [ʏ]
|}
 
== Grammar ==
== Grammar ==


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|-
|-
|I
|I
|Ikka [ɪka]
|Ẽo
|-
|-
|You
|You
|Tuuka [tu:ka]
|Laña
|-
|-
|He
|He
|Hitta [hɪta]
|Prasna
|-
|-
|She
|She
|Siika [si:ka]
|Krasna
|-
|-
|It
|It
|Ässa [ɛsa]
|Rasna
|-
|One
|Mäka [mɛ:ka]
|-
|-
|We
|We
|Vűkka [vʏka]
|Ẽoler
|-
|-
|You (pl.)
|You (pl.)
|nůkka [nɔʏka]
|Lañaler
|-
|-
|They
|They
|täika [tɛika]
|Prasnaler, krasnaler, rasnaler
|}
|}


To indicate posession, the suffix -sse is added
{| class="wikitable"
!English
!Kõraakii
|-
|Mine
|Ikkasse
|-
|Your
|Tuukasse
|-
|His
|Hittasse
|-
|Her
|Siikasse
|-
|Its
|Ässasse
|-
|Ones
|Mäkasse
|-
|Our
|Vűkkasse
|-
|Your (pl.)
|nůkkasse
|-
|Their
|täikasse
|}


=== Articles ===
=== Articles ===
There are, technically, no articles in Kõraakii. There is an ending for "the" and an ending for "a". If you want to, for example, say "a cool house", then you write "kuusinon kuulikki" (a house cool), or "the cool language" is "taalinũn kuulikki" (the language cool). And these endings are the same for every word. If you want to have a plural "the", then you simply use the plural form of a noun (by adding -neen) and add (n)ũn. An example, "the languages" would be "taalineenũn".
There are no articles in Kwarna. The accusative suffix "-juva" can be used to indicate that you are talking about a specific item


=== Conjugation ===
=== Conjugation ===
There is no conjungation, that means, if there is a verb, you do not change it for any person. Let's take the word wõri [wø:ri] (to be). If you want to say "You are", you write "Tuuka wõri" [Tu:ka wø:ri] and so on. To indicate past and future, prefixes are added. These are cã- for past and ců- for future. An example: "Ikka cãgjőrikka" [ɪka t͡sæ'gjoerika] = I did.
Presens Conjugation
ŧağa → to be
-ğa is the stem of the verb. If the pronouns starts with a vowel (e.g. Ẽo), then the "ğ" stays. For any other case, the "ğa" is removed completly, and the pronoun is added to the remaining verb
 
ŧağa → ŧa(ğ) → ŧağẽo (I am) → ŧalaña (you are)
 
Past Conjugation
The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "gu"
 
ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧagu (past stem)
ŧagṽẽo (I was)
ŧagulaña (you were)
 
 
Future Conjugation
The past works almost the same as the presens, but instead of adding the pronouns to the stem of the verb, the pronouns are added to the stem of the verb + "la"
 
ŧağa → ŧa- → ŧala (future stem)
ŧalağẽo (I will be)
ŧalalaña (you will be)
 


=== Negation ===
=== Negation ===
Jeytas
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