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Europic: Difference between revisions
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* '''''[[Contionary: le#Europic|le]]''''' ‘past, yester-’ Modifies a temporal adverb to specify that it occurs in the past, e.g. ''[[Contionary: nano#Europic|nano]]'' ‘never’ → ''[[Contionary: le-nano#Europic|'''le-'''nano]]'' ‘never (before)’. (Compare ''[[Contionary: go-nano#Europic|go-nano]]'' ‘never (from now on)’.) | * '''''[[Contionary: le#Europic|le]]''''' ‘past, yester-’ Modifies a temporal adverb to specify that it occurs in the past, e.g. ''[[Contionary: nano#Europic|nano]]'' ‘never’ → ''[[Contionary: le-nano#Europic|'''le-'''nano]]'' ‘never (before)’. (Compare ''[[Contionary: go-nano#Europic|go-nano]]'' ‘never (from now on)’.) | ||
* '''''[[Contionary: li#Europic|li]]''''' ‘there’ Converts a deictic (a “la-correlative”) into a distal, e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|Mu]] [[Contionary: vule#Europic|vule]] [[Contionary: na#Europic|na]] [[Contionary: li-lasu#Europic|'''li-'''lasu'']] ‘I want '''that''' one’ (cf. French ''cette chose'' vs. ''cette chose-'''là'''''.) | * '''''[[Contionary: li#Europic|li]]''''' ‘there’ Converts a deictic (a “la-correlative”) into a distal, e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|Mu]] [[Contionary: vule#Europic|vule]] [[Contionary: na#Europic|na]] [[Contionary: li-lasu#Europic|'''li-'''lasu'']] ‘I want '''that''' one’ (cf. French ''cette chose'' vs. ''cette chose-'''là'''''.) | ||
* '''''[[Contionary: -lu#Europic|lu]]''''' ‘thing related to’ This is the nominal form of ''[[Contionary: -la#Europic|la]]'', above. In addition to operating on adverbs, it is most commonly used as a suffix for a possessive pronoun to convert it into a substantive (e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|mu]]'' ‘I’ → ''[[Contionary: ma#Europic|ma]]'' ‘my’ → ''[[Contionary: ma-lu#Europic|ma-lu]]'' ‘mine’). In the case of the correlatives, this applies mainly to those compounded with ''[[Contionary: ru#Europic|-ru]]'' or ''[[Contionary: su#Europic|-su]]'', e.g. ''[[Contionary: kwaru#Europic|kwaru]]'' ‘who’, ''[[Contionary: lasu#Europic|lasu]]'' ‘that (thing)’, ''[[Contionary: payaru#Europic|payaru]]'' ‘every kind of person’ → ''[[Contionary: kwara-lu#Europic| | * '''''[[Contionary: -lu#Europic|lu]]''''' ‘thing related to’ This is the nominal form of ''[[Contionary: -la#Europic|la]]'', above. In addition to operating on adverbs, it is most commonly used as a suffix for a possessive pronoun to convert it into a substantive (e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|mu]]'' ‘I’ → ''[[Contionary: ma#Europic|ma]]'' ‘my’ → ''[[Contionary: ma-lu#Europic|ma-lu]]'' ‘mine’). In the case of the correlatives, this applies mainly to those compounded with ''[[Contionary: ru#Europic|-ru]]'' or ''[[Contionary: su#Europic|-su]]'', e.g. ''[[Contionary: kwaru#Europic|kwaru]]'' ‘who’, ''[[Contionary: lasu#Europic|lasu]]'' ‘that (thing)’, ''[[Contionary: payaru#Europic|payaru]]'' ‘every kind of person’ → ''[[Contionary: kwara#Europic|kwara]][[Contionary: -lu#Europic|-lu]]'' ‘whose’, ''[[Contionary: lasa#Europic|lasa]][[Contionary: -lu#Europic|-lu]]'' ‘that thing’s’, ''[[Contionary: payara#Europic|payara]][[Contionary: -lu#Europic|-lu]]'' ‘every kind of person’s’. | ||
* '''''[[Contionary: ni#Europic|ni]]''''' ‘any’ Converts a general (a “swa-correlative”) into an elective, e.g. ''[[Contionary: swaru#Europic|'''Swaru''']] [[Contionary: ste#Europic|ste]] [[Contionary: laro#Europic|laro]].'' ‘''Someone'' is there.’ → ''[[Contionary: laru#Europic|Laru]] [[Contionary: sigole#Europic|sigole]] [[Contionary: pe#Europic|pe]] [[Contionary: se#Europic|se]] [[Contionary: ni-swaru#Europic|'''ni-'''swaru]]!'' ‘It could be ''anyone''!’ | * '''''[[Contionary: ni#Europic|ni]]''''' ‘any’ Converts a general (a “swa-correlative”) into an elective, e.g. ''[[Contionary: swaru#Europic|'''Swaru''']] [[Contionary: ste#Europic|ste]] [[Contionary: laro#Europic|laro]].'' ‘''Someone'' is there.’ → ''[[Contionary: laru#Europic|Laru]] [[Contionary: sigole#Europic|sigole]] [[Contionary: pe#Europic|pe]] [[Contionary: se#Europic|se]] [[Contionary: ni-swaru#Europic|'''ni-'''swaru]]!'' ‘It could be ''anyone''!’ | ||
* '''''[[Contionary: tci#Europic|tci]]''''' ‘here’ Converts a deictic (a “la-correlative”) into a proximal, e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|Mu]] [[Contionary: vule#Europic|vule]] [[Contionary: na#Europic|na]] [[Contionary: tci-lasu#Europic|'''tci-'''lasu]]'' ‘I want '''this''' one’ (cf. French ''celui'' vs. ''celui-'''ci'''''.) | * '''''[[Contionary: tci#Europic|tci]]''''' ‘here’ Converts a deictic (a “la-correlative”) into a proximal, e.g. ''[[Contionary: mu#Europic|Mu]] [[Contionary: vule#Europic|vule]] [[Contionary: na#Europic|na]] [[Contionary: tci-lasu#Europic|'''tci-'''lasu]]'' ‘I want '''this''' one’ (cf. French ''celui'' vs. ''celui-'''ci'''''.) | ||