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'''Izhkut'''(''jënn izhkut'', <small>Izhkut:</small> [[Help:IPA|[ˈɟɛ̂n̪ iʒkʊt]]]), also known as '''Ishcot''' is the most spoken [[Taskaric languages|Taskaric]] language in Radael, with a native speaker population of {{formatnum:126000000}} people, and it is spoken by another {{formatnum:234000}} as an L2 language, primarily by students in the nation of Ingdikh, where learning the language is a compulsory part of the curriculum. The language as a whole also operates as a ''lingua franca'' in the scientific community in Birnu, as well as in diplomacy on the continent. It is also one of the 8 official languages in the West Birnu Economic Union(WBEU). | '''Izhkut'''(''jënn izhkut'', <small>Izhkut:</small> [[Help:IPA|[ˈɟɛ̂n̪ iʒkʊt]]]), also known as '''Ishcot''' is the most spoken [[Taskaric languages|Taskaric]] language in Radael, with a native speaker population of {{formatnum:126000000}} people, and it is spoken by another {{formatnum:234000}} as an L2 language, primarily by students in the nation of Ingdikh, where learning the language is a compulsory part of the curriculum. The language as a whole also operates as a ''lingua franca'' in the scientific community in Birnu, as well as in diplomacy on the continent. It is also one of the 8 official languages in the West Birnu Economic Union(WBEU). | ||
Modern Izhkut is divided into two main dialect groups: [[#Mainland|Mainland]] and [[Colonial Izhkut|Colonial]]. Mainland dialects are spoken in Izhkutrëa proper, and historically were the basis of Standard Izhkut, though modern Mainland dialects have mostly diverged from the Standard to varying degrees(even the least divergent dialects, such as those of Ubëes, have incorporated many slang words that are not recognised in Standard Izhkut). Colonial dialects are a diverse dialect continuum primarily spoken in the Izhkut Colonies(Standard Izhkut: ''Misogra'', Colonial Izhkut: ''Uesi''), characterised by a phonology and grammar distinct from Standard or Mainland Izhkut, as well as a vocabulary heavily influenced by languages indigenous to the Colonies and also great internal diversity; Colonial dialects themselves are generally divided into Bay Area(in and around the Gibios Bay) and Strait(around the Chepsëh strait) dialect continua that have their own distinct vocabulary and slang, if similar phonology and grammar. | Modern Izhkut is divided into two main dialect groups: [[#Mainland|Mainland]] and [[Colonial Izhkut|Colonial]]. Mainland dialects are spoken in Izhkutrëa proper, and historically were the basis of Standard Izhkut, though modern Mainland dialects have mostly diverged from the Standard to varying degrees(even the least divergent dialects, such as those of Ubëes, have incorporated many slang words that are not recognised in Standard Izhkut). Colonial dialects are a diverse dialect continuum primarily spoken in the Izhkut Colonies(Standard Izhkut: ''Misogra'', ''Lege misogra''; Colonial Izhkut: ''Uesi''), characterised by a phonology and grammar distinct from Standard or Mainland Izhkut, as well as a vocabulary heavily influenced by languages indigenous to the Colonies and also great internal diversity; Colonial dialects themselves are generally divided into Bay Area(in and around the Gibios Bay) and Strait(around the Chepsëh strait) dialect continua that have their own distinct vocabulary and slang, if similar phonology and grammar. | ||
Despite the region of Pokht, a vassal of Izhkutrëa, having its own native sister language of Izhkut, [[Pokht]], Izhkut has in recent times all but replaced Pokht due to the strict cultural assimilation policies of the Izhkutrëan government. | Despite the region of Pokht, a vassal of Izhkutrëa, having its own native sister language of Izhkut, [[Pokht]], Izhkut has in recent times all but replaced Pokht due to the strict cultural assimilation policies of the Izhkutrëan government. | ||
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[n̪] is an allophone of /n/, usually pronounced at the end of a word, such as in ''jën'' [ˈɟɛ̂n̪] "language, speech". [θ] and [ð] are lenited allophones of /t/ and /d/, though where this lenition actually occurs depends on dialect. The general rule is that /t/ and /d/ are lenited after an /e/ or diphthong ending in -/ɪ̯/, e.g. ''retam'' [ɾeθam] "button" or ''yeid'' [jeɪ̯ð] "legend (person)". | [n̪] is an allophone of /n/, usually pronounced at the end of a word, such as in ''jën'' [ˈɟɛ̂n̪] "language, speech". [θ] and [ð] are lenited allophones of /t/ and /d/, though where this lenition actually occurs depends on dialect. The general rule is that /t/ and /d/ are lenited after an /e/ or diphthong ending in -/ɪ̯/, e.g. ''retam'' [ɾeθam] "button" or ''yeid'' [jeɪ̯ð] "legend (person)". | ||
Though in Old Izhkut /h/ was its own phoneme, /h/ merged into /x/ some time during the transition to modern Izhkut.{{efn|[[Pokht]] preserved the /x/-/h/ distinction well into the BH, though by circa 200 BH the influence of Izhkut colonialism had forced the merge into most Pokht dialects still spoken in Pokht.}} However, by the time of the development of Colonial dialects, /h/ reappeared as an allophone of /x/ after /ɛ/, /e/ and /i/. This | Though in Old Izhkut /h/ was its own phoneme, /h/ merged into /x/ some time during the transition to modern Izhkut.{{efn|[[Pokht]] preserved the /x/-/h/ distinction well into the BH, though by circa 200 BH the influence of Izhkut colonialism had forced the merge into most Pokht dialects still spoken in Pokht.}} However, by the time of the development of Colonial dialects, /h/ reappeared as an allophone of /x/ after /ɛ/, /e/ and /i/(and later replaced /x/ as a whole). This allophonic use of /h/ seeped into Mainland dialects and eventually Standard Izhkut by 256 BH, and has remained a sanctioned part of Izhkut phonological rules to this day. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
Izhkut has a lot of vowels and diphthongs, most of which preserved from Old Izhkut. | Izhkut has a lot of vowels and diphthongs, most of which preserved from Old Izhkut. | ||