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Jovlish: Difference between revisions
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===Clitics=== | ===Clitics=== | ||
Some pronouns, postpositions, and adjectives get affixed onto nouns or verbs. | Some pronouns, postpositions, and adjectives get affixed onto nouns or verbs. | ||
* Oblique pronouns suffix onto their relevant verb and follow | * Oblique pronouns suffix onto their relevant verb and follow. | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|düd}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eş}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ejo}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">düd</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">eş</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">ejo</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">I</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">did</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">that</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|düd}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eş}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ejo}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">düd</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">eş</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">ejo</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">I</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">did</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">that</span>" | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|luv}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ī}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eh}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">luv</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ī</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">eh</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">she</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">loves</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">you</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|luv}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ī}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eh}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">luv</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ī</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">eh</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">she</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">loves</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">you</span>" | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|zomerz}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ű}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|en}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">zomerz</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ű</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">en</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">he may</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">freeze</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">it</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|zomerz}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ű}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|en}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">zomerz</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ű</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">en</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">he may</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">freeze</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">it</span>" | ||
* Postpositions directly suffix onto nouns | * Postpositions directly suffix onto nouns. | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|yarsçıts}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|noŋ}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">yarsçıts</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">noŋ</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">along</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">the street</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|yarsçıts}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|noŋ}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">yarsçıts</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">noŋ</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">along</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">the street</span>" | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|űst}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hoh}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">űst</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">hoh</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">in</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">a language</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|űst}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hoh}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">űst</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">hoh</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">in</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">a language</span>" | ||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|üradār}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|em}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">üradār</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">em</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">using</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">the radar</span>" | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|üradār}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|em}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">üradār</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">em</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">using</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">the radar</span>" | ||
* In the case of a pronoun being the object of a preposition, the Jovlish Royal Academy prescribes suffixing postpositions onto the pronominal clitics. | |||
. | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nbéŋ}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ş}}</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ehe}}</span><span style="background-color:#adffa6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|on}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">nbéŋ</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ş</span><span style="background-color:#a6aeff">ehe</span><span style="background-color:#adffa6">on</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">I</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">did not agree</span> <span style="background-color:#adffa6">to</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">this</span>" | ||
* ...though most colloquial Jovaian varieties perfer to instead suffix the postposition onto an independent pronoun. | |||
. | ** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nbéŋ}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ş}}</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hős}}</span><span style="background-color:#adffa6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|on}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">nbéŋ</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">ş</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">hős</span><span style="background-color:#adffa6">on</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">I</span> <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">did not agree</span> <span style="background-color:#adffa6">to</span> <span style="background-color:#a6aeff">this</span>" | ||
* Color adjectives, cardinal adjectives, gentilic/linguistic adjectives, and Old English prefixes that got re-appropriated as adjectives in Jovlish act not as regular adjectives, but as prefixes when not predicative. | |||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|blak}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|güq}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">blak</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">güq</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">black</span> <span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">gold</span>" | |||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Jóst}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öröpşa}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">Jóst</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">öröpşa</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">Eastern</span> <span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">Europe</span>" | |||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ross}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|üniversite}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">ross</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">üniversite</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">russian</span> <span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">universities</span>" | |||
** <span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|sün}}</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vüq}}</span> — ''<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">sün</span><span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">vüq</span>'' — "<span style="background-color:#ffa5a5">private</span> <span style="background-color:#ffd9a6">event</span>" | |||
===Nominals=== | ===Nominals=== | ||
====Pronouns==== | ====Pronouns==== | ||