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| u || [[w:Near-close near-back rounded vowel|u]] || y'''u''' || h'''oo'''k | | u || [[w:Near-close near-back rounded vowel|u]] || y'''u''' || h'''oo'''k | ||
|} | |||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | |||
! colspan=4 | Diphthongs | |||
|- | |||
! Bemé orthography !! IPA !! Examples !! English approximation | |||
|- | |||
| y || ei̯ || sk'''y''' || m'''ay''' | |||
|- | |||
| oi || oi̯ || w'''oi'''w'''oi''' || j'''oy''' | |||
|- | |||
| ow || ou̯ || gr'''ow'''n || b'''ow''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| || [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || || || | | || [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || || || | ||
|} | |} | ||
Unlike in English, /ŋ/ can appear in onset positions, such as in '''''ng'''os'' "nose". Onset /ŋ/ can also appear in free variation with onset /n/ in ''kriyal''/basilectal varieties, so words like '''''n'''ani'' "old lady, nanny" may become '''''ng'''ani''. | Unlike in English, /ŋ/ can appear in onset positions, such as in '''''ng'''os'' "nose". Onset /ŋ/ can also appear in free variation with onset /n/ in ''kriyal''/basilectal varieties, so words like '''''n'''ani'' "old lady, nanny" may become '''''ng'''ani''. The palatal nasal /ɲ/ usually occurs when differentiating between words that would be homophones in standard English, e.g. ''nap'' vs ''[[wikt:knap#Verb|knap]]'', which in Bemé became '''''n'''ap'' "rest (v.)" and '''''ny'''ap'' "punch (v.)". | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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| colspan=2 | [[w:Open central unrounded vowel|a]] | | colspan=2 | [[w:Open central unrounded vowel|a]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
There are only three possible diphthongs in Bemé: /ei̯ oi̯ ou̯/, written ⟨y, oi, ow⟩ respectively. However, although these diphthongs may roughly match with similar English diphthongs /eɪ̯ oɪ̯ oʊ̯/, these diphthongs rarely match; diphthongs in general are rare in Bemé, but even with words derived from English words with diphthongs, the diphthongs are often replaced with monophthongs, e.g. | There are only three possible diphthongs in Bemé: /ei̯ oi̯ ou̯/, written ⟨y, oi, ow⟩ respectively. However, although these diphthongs may roughly match with similar English diphthongs /eɪ̯ oɪ̯ oʊ̯/, these diphthongs rarely match; diphthongs in general are rare in Bemé, but even with words derived from English words with diphthongs, the diphthongs are often replaced with monophthongs, e.g. ''sh'''e'''k'' [[Help:IPA|[ʃek]]], compared to English sh'''a'''ke /[[w:Help:IPA/English|ˈʃeɪ̯k]]/. In ''kriyal'' varieties diphthongs may be entirely replaced by monophthongs, so words like ''sk'''y''''' [[Help:IPA|[skei̯]]] become ''sk'''eh''''' [[Help:IPA|[skɛ]]]. | ||
/ɛ/ only appears in word-final open syllables; elsewhere, /ɛ/ is neutralised with /e/. However, there is a tendency of native speakers in Cassim Po to shift initial /e/ to /ɛ/, leading to alternative spellings such as '''''eh'''nga''(standard ''enga'' / ''nga'' "or") which break Bemé orthographic rules. In other dialects, /ɛ/ may be neutralised with /e/ in ''all'' positions, leading to pronunciations such as /beme/ or /bɛmɛ/ for ''bemeh'' "Bemé". | /ɛ/ only appears in word-final open syllables; elsewhere, /ɛ/ is neutralised with /e/. However, there is a tendency of native speakers in Cassim Po to shift initial /e/ to /ɛ/, leading to alternative spellings such as '''''eh'''nga''(standard ''enga'' / ''nga'' "or") which break Bemé orthographic rules. In other dialects, /ɛ/ may be neutralised with /e/ in ''all'' positions, leading to pronunciations such as /beme/ or /bɛmɛ/ for ''bemeh'' "Bemé". | ||
[[Category:Bemé]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Creole languages]] | [[Category:Bemé]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Creole languages]] | ||