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Antarctican: Difference between revisions
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Relative Clauses
(Implicit Topicalisation) |
(Relative Clauses) |
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Note that, if a transitive verb takes a subject pronominal affix, then it can never take antipassive voice. | Note that, if a transitive verb takes a subject pronominal affix, then it can never take antipassive voice. | ||
===Relative Clauses=== | |||
These follow the noun they modify. There are no relative pronouns or relativising particles. However, the accessibility hierarchy is very important in Antarctican (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_clause#Accessibility_hierarchy). Only absolutive arguments (objects of transitive verbs and subjects of intransitive verbs) can be relativised. So the following two phrases are grammatical: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| wùerù || kivieli-iewn | |||
|- | |||
| wɨɦʁuɦ || kiɥeliʔeuɴ | |||
|- | |||
| frog.ABS || die.VFCS | |||
|} | |||
The frog that died. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| wùerù || sowdlan || amielaykùe | |||
|- | |||
| wɨɦʁuɦ || sɔudɮaɴ || ʔamelaikɨɦ | |||
|- | |||
| frog.ABS || soldier-ERG || hunt.NFCS | |||
|} | |||
The frogs the soldier hunted. | |||
However, to say "the soldier that hunted frogs", the verb must be put into the antipassive voice e.g. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| sowdla || utamielaykùe || wùerù || `nyùe | |||
|- | |||
| sɔudɮaɴ || ʔutamelaikɨɦ || wɨɦʁuɦ || ɲɨɦ | |||
|- | |||
| soldier.ABS || <PFV.AP>hunt.NFCS || frog.ABS || OBL | |||
|} | |||
The soldier that hunted frogs. | |||
Once a transitive verb takes the antipassive voice, the oblique argument (i.e. what used to be its object) can be freely left out e.g. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
| sowdla || utamielaykùe | |||
|- | |||
| sɔudɮaɴ || ʔutamelaikɨɦ | |||
|- | |||
| soldier.ABS || <PFV.AP>hunt.NFCS | |||
|} | |||
The soldier that hunted. | |||
[[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]] | ||