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*Active gerunds are consonant-stem nouns, and outside of nominative singular end in ''-ν-''. | *Active gerunds are consonant-stem nouns, and outside of nominative singular end in ''-ν-''. | ||
*Mediopassive gerunds are o-stem nouns. | *Mediopassive gerunds are o-stem nouns. | ||
Some 1st-conjugation verbs with historical *-y- infixes have irregular changes in -τ- forms and -ζος, most often loss of stem-final ι-, "shortening" of the previous vowel (η,ει,ωυ becoming α,ε,ο and/or falling tone becoming high or rising tone), or stem-final ζ- becoming a different consonant. | |||
====Copula==== | ====Copula==== | ||