Arini: Difference between revisions

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Arini (view source)

Revision as of 21:11, 27 August 2025

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==Orthography==
=Orthography=


====Scripts====
==Scripts==


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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Arabic
===Arabic===


In Arabic script labialization is shown with "ۇ" (u) and palatalization with "ې" (i), and the way to pronounce them as vowels when they are next to another vowel is to place "گ" in the middle, also there are also additional letters: "ڤ" /p͡s/ and "ڃ" /nʲ/ ~ /ɲ/. The word stress is marked with "ه".
In Arabic script labialization is shown with "ۇ" (u) and palatalization with "ې" (i), and the way to pronounce them as vowels when they are next to another vowel is to place "گ" in the middle, also there are also additional letters: "ڤ" /p͡s/ and "ڃ" /nʲ/ ~ /ɲ/. The word stress is marked with "ه".


Cyrillic
===Cyrillic===


In Cyrillic script labialization is shown with "ю" (u) and palatalization with "ь". The word stress is mark with accute accent like "е́".
In Cyrillic script labialization is shown with "ю" (u) and palatalization with "ь". The word stress is mark with accute accent like "е́".


Greek
===Greek===


The word stress is mark with tonos like "έ". The question mark is ⟨;⟩, not to be confused with the semicolon ⟨;⟩.
The word stress is mark with tonos like "έ". The question mark is ⟨;⟩, not to be confused with the semicolon ⟨;⟩.


Kana
===Kana===


The stressed syllable is marked with ⟨'⟩ and the lowercase letters equivalent to "v" and "y" are used for labalization and palatalization.
The stressed syllable is marked with ⟨'⟩ and the lowercase letters equivalent to "v" and "y" are used for labalization and palatalization.


Shavian
===Shavian===


In Shavian "𐑢" is used for labalization and "𐑘" for palatalization.
In Shavian "𐑢" is used for labalization and "𐑘" for palatalization.


===Diacritics===
==Diacritics==


Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.
Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.
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Consonants can often be pronounced separately, for example, "met-so" /ˈme̞t.so̞/, for this, can to use either a dash or a diaeresis ("metsö"), this can ("fùţäl" vs "fut-sál") or not ("célyïtron" vs "cél-yitron") affect the representation of stress, unless the umlaut is used instead of the dash, for this, either the grave accent (fùţál) or the double accent can be used (fuţa̋l),also it is possible to use the tilde (fuţãl).
Consonants can often be pronounced separately, for example, "met-so" /ˈme̞t.so̞/, for this, can to use either a dash or a diaeresis ("metsö"), this can ("fùţäl" vs "fut-sál") or not ("célyïtron" vs "cél-yitron") affect the representation of stress, unless the umlaut is used instead of the dash, for this, either the grave accent (fùţál) or the double accent can be used (fuţa̋l),also it is possible to use the tilde (fuţãl).


===Symbols and signs===
==Symbols and signs==


• Question marks: ¿ ?
• Question marks: ¿ ?
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* It only works as a replacement for the copulative conjunction "et" 'and'.
* It only works as a replacement for the copulative conjunction "et" 'and'.


===Prosody===
=Prosody=


===Stress===
==Stress==


Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.
Stress is marked by a accut accent in their respective vowel, words that have stress in the penultimate syllable aren't mark, monosyllables are not mark either.


===Phonotactics===
==Phonotactics==


The only consonants that do not consonant together in the same syllable without being affricated together with the liquid r, l are: J, Z, S, X, Y, L, R.
The only consonants that do not consonant together in the same syllable without being affricated together with the liquid r, l are: J, Z, S, X, Y, L, R.
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The only letters that can make a diphthong are "y" and "v", apart from palatalization and labialization as well.
The only letters that can make a diphthong are "y" and "v", apart from palatalization and labialization as well.


===Morphophonology===
=Morphophonology=


==Verbs tenses==
==Conjugation==




The Arini has 3 tenses to conjugate verbs, in addition to the progressive, subjunctive, infinitive and imperative cases:
The Arini has 3 tenses to conjugate verbs, in addition to the progressive, subjunctive, infinitive and imperative cases:


===Mood===


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Time!!Suffix
! Case!!Suffix
|-
|-
!Present
!Imperative
|n
|y
|-
|-
!Past
!Infinitive
|d
|re
|-
!Future
|l
|}
|}


===Aspect===


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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!Subjunctive
!Subjunctive
|ste
|ste
|}
===Tenses===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Time!!Suffix
|-
!Present
|n
|-
|-
!Imperative
!Past
|y
|d
|-
|-
!Infinitive
!Future
|re
|l
|}
|}


===Syntax===
 
The stress shifts to the penultimate syllable when multiple morphemes are stacked, except when only one is present (stress remains final).
 
===Order===
 
Arini uses an agglutinative TAM system (Tense–Aspect–Mood), but with a reversed MAT order: Mood → Aspect → Tense. Each verb form is built by layering these morphemes, depending on the desired grammatical nuance.
 
===Examples and meanings===
 
 
====Progressive Forms====
 
| Form    | Arini    | Meaning              |
|----------|-----------|----------------------|
| Present Progressive | (han) sendon  | (you) are being          |
| Past Progressive    | (han) sendod  | (you) were being          |
| Future Progressive  | (han) sendol  | (you) will be being      |
 
====Subjunctive Forms====
 
| Form    | Arini    | Meaning              |
|----------|-----------|----------------------|
| Subjunctive (general) | (han) seste    | May you be      |
| Present Subjunctive  | (han) sesten  | (you) be (subj.)    |
| Future Subjunctive    | (han) sestel  | (you) will be (subj.) |
| Past Subjunctive      | (han) sested  | (you) were (subj.)  |
 
====Obligation: “Should / Must / Have to”====
 
| Form    | Arini    | Meaning              |
|----------|-----------|----------------------|
| Should be        | (han) sestey    | you should be      |
| Must be (present) | (han) sesteyn  | you must be        |
| Must be (future)  | (han) sesteyl  | you will have to be |
| Must be (past)    | (han) sesteyd  | you had to be      |
| Obligation (inf.) | (han) sesteyr  | to have to be      |
 
====Possibility: “Can / Could”====
 
| Form    | Arini      | Meaning              |
|----------|-------------|----------------------|
| Could be        | séstendo  | you could be        |
| Can be (present) | (han) séstendon  | you can be          |
| Can be (future)  | (han) séstendol  | you will be able to be |
| Can be (past)    | (han) séstendod  | you could have been |
| Possibility (inf.) | séstendor | to be able to be    |
 
====Necessity: “Have to”====
 
| Form    | Arini    | Meaning              |
|----------|-----------|----------------------|
| Have to be (present) | (han) seyn    | you have to be    |
| Have to be (future)  | (han) seyl    | you will have to be|
| Have to be (past)    | (han) seyd    | you had to be      |
| Necessity (inf.)    | seyr    | to have to be      |
 
 
 
=Syntax=


Arini follows a ''Subject–Verb–Object (SVO)'' structure. Verbs always appear directly after the subject or pronoun.
Arini follows a ''Subject–Verb–Object (SVO)'' structure. Verbs always appear directly after the subject or pronoun.
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