Antarctican/Verbs: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 09:59, 7 March 2013

4,253 bytes removed ,  7 March 2013
Got rid of vowel replacement (it occurred in too few words)
m (EmperorZelos moved page Antarctican Verbs to Antarctican/Verbs)
(Got rid of vowel replacement (it occurred in too few words))
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Here, while the word for "employee" can come after the verb meaning "to fear", the word for "soldier", cannot, since it takes the ergative case (as it is the subject of the transitive verb damasù meaning "to scam").
Here, while the word for "employee" can come after the verb meaning "to fear", the word for "soldier", cannot, since it takes the ergative case (as it is the subject of the transitive verb damasù meaning "to scam").
<h4>Vowel Replacement</h4>
All Antarctican verbs use infixation to mark 1st person exclusive objects, whom, what (as a direct object), reflexive objects, the imperfective antipassive, and the superordinate voice. However, there is a subset of verbs that use vowel replacement to mark 1st person inclusive objects, 2nd person objects, and the perfective antipassive.
These are verbs where either a) the first vowel is short, modally voiced /i/, the second vowel has breathy voice, and there is no nasal intervening (plain nasals, prestopped nasals, and the placeless nasal /&#628;/ all count) or b) the first vowel is short, modally voiced /&#654;/, which is immediately followed by a voiceless obstruent, without /&#628;/ intervening or c) the first vowel is short, modally voiced /&#654;/, which is immediately followed by an approximant and then a vowel with breathy voice, without /&#628;/ intervening
The vowel replacements depend on whether the verb begins with a hard or soft consonant, but are regular (and have tense voice) and given in the table below:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Vowel Replacements for Voice and Object Pronouns
|-
|
|Hard Form
|Soft Form
|-
|1PS Inclusive
|á
|áe
|-
|2PS
|áo
|áo
|-
|Perfective Antipassive
|N/A use the -éys- infix instead
|ów
|}
For example:
siséychu /sisei&#660;cu/ - to stab, verb focus
sáséychu /sa&#660;sei&#660;cu/ - to stab us (including you), verb focus
sáoséychu /s&#604;&#660;sei&#660;cu/ - to stab you, verb focus
Note that the perfective antipassive form is created using the infix -éys- i.e. séysiséychu /sei&#660;sisei&#660;cu/ - to stab, verb focus, perfective antipassive. It is only with verbs starting with soft consonants that vowel replacement is used.
Also note that, for the other persons and voices, infixation is used e.g.
semiséychu /semisei&#660;cu/ - to stab me / us (not including you), verb focus
seriséychu /se&#641;isei&#660;cu/ - to stab oneself, verb focus
sariséychu /sa&#641;isei&#660;cu/ - to stab who, verb focus
sabiséychu /sabisei&#660;cu/ - to stab what, verb focus
samiséychu /samisei&#660;cu/ - to stab, verb focus, imperfective antipassive
More examples:
kiràomùe /ki&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite, verb focus
kimyiràomùe /kim&#690;i&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite me / us (not including you), verb focus
'káràomùe /ka&#660;&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite us (including you), verb focus
'káoràomùe /k&#604;&#660;&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite you, verb focus
keriràomùe /ke&#641;i&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite oneself, verb focus
kariràomùe /ka&#641;i&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite who, verb focus
kabiràomùe /kabi&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite what, verb focus
'kówràomùe /kou&#660;&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite, verb focus, perfective antipassive
kamiràomùe /kami&#641;&#604;&#614;m&#616;&#614;/ - to bite, verb focus, imperfective antipassive
shuetinju /&#231;&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count, verb focus
shimyuetinju /&#231;im&#690;&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count me / us (not including you), verb focus
yáetinju /j&#603;&#660;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count us (including you), verb focus
yáotinju /j&#604;&#660;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count you, verb focus
shiluetinju /&#231;il&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count oneself, verb focus
sheluetinju /&#231;el&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count who, verb focus
shebyuetinju /&#231;eb&#690;&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count what, verb focus
yówtinju /jou&#660;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count, verb focus, perfective antipassive
shemyuetinju /&#231;em&#690;&#616;ti&#628;&#607;u/ - to count, verb focus, imperfective antipassive
(The /&#231;/ is lenited to /j/ when the vowel is replaced, since Antarctican does not like words starting with fricatives other than /s/ if the next vowel has tense voice.




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pyõohli-uu /p&#690;&#596;&#720;&#620;i&#660;u&#720;/ - purify you (emphatic), verb focus
pyõohli-uu /p&#690;&#596;&#720;&#620;i&#660;u&#720;/ - purify you (emphatic), verb focus
If an object would be formed by vowel replacement (instead of an infix), then the emphatic form is created by lengthening the first vowel e.g.
siséychu /sisei&#660;cu/ - to stab, verb focus
sáoséychu /s&#604;&#660;sei&#660;cu/ - to stab you, verb focus
sáaoséychu /s&#604;&#720;&#660;sei&#660;cu/ - to stab you (emphatic), verb focus
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