Valthungian: Difference between revisions

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 ===Umlaut===
+Umlaut is another of those sound laws that no longer happens actively in the language, but it has become indicative of specific tenses or cases in the language.
+*Accusative singular nouns with palatalization ''are not'' umlauted.  All other forms of nouns with palatalization ''are'' umlauted.
+*The past subjunctive of verbs is umlauted (except for the 3rd person singular in formal speech). (First person singular is palatalized ''and'' umlauted.)
+*Most class 1 weak verbs and strong verbs ending in ''–jan'' in Gothic have umlaut in the present and imperative. These verbs all end with ''–in'' in Gutish.
+Umlaut in Gutish initiates the following changes in the stressed vowel of a word:
+*‹a› → ‹e›
+*‹ā› → ‹ǣ›
+*‹ǭ› → ‹œ̄›
+*‹o› → ‹œ›
+*‹ō› → ‹œ̄›
+*‹u› → ‹y›
+*‹ū› → ‹ȳ›
+NB: Umlaut can refer to several different types of vowel change in Germanic languages – i/j-umlaut, u/w-umlaut, and a-umlaut most common – but only one type is present in Gutish. Umlaut here is used to refer specifically to i/j-umlaut, also known as i-umlaut, or front umlaut.
+NB for Linguists: The asymmetrical nature of the umlaut is the result of a later change to the long vowels. See Umlaut in the Rules at the end of this document.
 ===Coronal Consonant Assimilation===