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User:IlL/Spare pages 1/51: Difference between revisions
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Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) m (Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages") |
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| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Stop | !rowspan="2"|Stop | ||
!<small> | !<small>fortis</small> | ||
| p | | p | ||
| t | | t | ||
|colspan="3"| c~k~q || (ʔ) | |colspan="3"| c~k~q || (ʔ) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small> | !<small>lenis</small> | ||
| | | b | ||
| | | d | ||
|colspan="3"| | |colspan="3"| ɟ~g~ɢ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Spirant | !rowspan="2"|Spirant | ||
!<small> | !<small>fortis</small> | ||
| f | | f | ||
| ɬ | | ɬ | ||
|colspan="2"| ç~x || || | |colspan="2"| ç~x || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small> | !<small>lenis</small> | ||
| v | | v | ||
| ɮ | | ɮ | ||
| Line 112: | Line 112: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!rowspan="2"|Non-spirant | !rowspan="2"|Non-spirant | ||
!<small> | !<small>fortis</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| s || || || || h | | s || || || || h | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small> | !<small>lenis</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| z || || || || | | z || || || || | ||
| Line 129: | Line 129: | ||
;Notes | ;Notes | ||
*An initial /ʔ/ can be added to null initials (but is not mandatory). | *An initial /ʔ/ can be added to null initials (but is not mandatory). | ||
*Étaoin {{PAGENAME}} has a form of Auslautverhärtung: | *Étaoin {{PAGENAME}} has a form of Auslautverhärtung: voicing is neutralized for word-final stops. | ||
*/w/ is a labiovelar approximant [ɰʷ] with the vocalic quality of [u]. | */w/ is a labiovelar approximant [ɰʷ] with the vocalic quality of [u]. | ||
*/n, | */n, t, d, ɬ, ɮ/ are usually alveolar [n, t, d, ɬ, ɮ], but can be dental [n̪, t̪, d̪, ɬ̪, ɮ̪] as well. | ||
*/s, z/ are alveolar retracted [s̠, z̠], similar to | */s, z/ are alveolar retracted [s̠, z̠], similar to Castillan Spanish and Modern Greek /s/. | ||
*The coronal liquid has 3 allophones broadly: | *The coronal liquid has 3 allophones broadly: | ||
**After a consonant, it is a postalveolar [ɾ̞]. | **After a consonant, it is a postalveolar [ɾ̞]. | ||
**Word-initially or intervocalically, it is a postalveolar [l̠] or [ɺ̠]. | **Word-initially or intervocalically, it is a postalveolar [l̠] or [ɺ̠]. | ||
**Before a consonant or word-finally, it is a postalveolar lateral [l̠], with varying resonances (though never velarized) depending on speaker. | **Before a consonant or word-finally, it is a postalveolar lateral [l̠], with varying resonances (though never velarized) depending on speaker. | ||
*/ŋ, | */ŋ, k, g/ are usually velar [ŋ, k, g], but are often labialized pharyngealized uvular [qʷ, qʷˁ, ɢʷˁ] next to /ʀ~ʟ/. /kʀ/ becomes an affricate or a trilled affricate [qχ]. | ||
*/ŋ, | */ŋ, k, g, x, ɣ/ palatalize to [ɲ, c~cç, ɟ, ç, j] before /iː yː iə yə eː øː/. | ||
*The uvular liquid /ʁ/: | *The uvular liquid /ʁ/: | ||
**The allophone occuring before vowels is a pharyngealized uvular fricative or approximant [ʁᵝˤ] in careful speech which devoices to [χᵝˤ] after an aspirate or another fricative. In casual speech it tends to become velar [ɰᵝ]. | **The allophone occuring before vowels is a pharyngealized uvular fricative or approximant [ʁᵝˤ] in careful speech which devoices to [χᵝˤ] after an aspirate or another fricative. In casual speech it tends to become velar [ɰᵝ]. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!IPA | !IPA | ||
|/m/||/ | |/m/||/p/||/b/||/f/||/n/||/t/||/d/||/s/||/z/||/ɺ~l/||/ŋ/||/k/||/g/||/ʀ~ʟ/||/ʔ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|Lenited | !|Lenited | ||
| Line 185: | Line 184: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!IPA | !IPA | ||
|''-''||/ | |''-''||/b/||/m/||/w/ | ||
|''-''||/ | |''-''||/d/||/n/||/z/ | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
||/ | ||/g/||/ŋ/||''-''||/n/ | ||
|} | |} | ||