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→Class III: Adjectival Conjugation
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====Class III: Adjectival Conjugation==== | ====Class III: Adjectival Conjugation==== | ||
The adjectival conjugation is used for adjectives and a few stative verbs such as love and hate (which in Somali are adjectives). All Class III verbs are stative, but not all stative verbs are class 3. The most basic Class III verb is '' | The adjectival conjugation is used for adjectives and a few stative verbs such as love and hate (which in Somali are adjectives). All Class III verbs are stative, but not all stative verbs are class 3. The citation form for Class III verbs is the third person singular short present indicative. The most basic Class III verb is ''eh'' "being" (stem: ''eh-''). The present has two forms which are used differently. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| <center>2S</center> || <center>''tah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>''tih<b>id</b>''</center> ||<center>''tih<b>íd</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayti</b>''</center>|| <center>''ah<b>oów</b>''</center>|| <center>''ah<b>aánin</b>''</center> | | <center>2S</center> || <center>''tah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>''tih<b>id</b>''</center> ||<center>''tih<b>íd</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayti</b>''</center>|| <center>''ah<b>oów</b>''</center>|| <center>''ah<b>aánin</b>''</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>3SM</center> || <center>''yah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>'' | | <center>3SM</center> || <center>''yah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>''eh''</center>|| <center>''(y)ah<b>á</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aay</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="background: gray" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>3SF</center> || <center>''tah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>'' | | <center>3SF</center> || <center>''tah<b>a</b>''</center>|| <center>''eh''</center>||<center>''(t)ah<b>á</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayti</b>''</center> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <center>1P</center> || <center>''nah<b>a</b>''</center> || <center>''nih<b>in</b>''</center>||<center>''nih<b>ín</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayni</b>''</center> | | <center>1P</center> || <center>''nah<b>a</b>''</center> || <center>''nih<b>in</b>''</center>||<center>''nih<b>ín</b>''</center> || <center>''ah<b>aayni</b>''</center> | ||
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Other Class III verbs are based off of this. e.g. '' | Other Class III verbs are based off of this. e.g. ''cas'' "red" (stem: ''cas-''). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| <center>3P</center> || <center>''-yihiín''</center>|| <center>''cas<b>yihiín</b>''</center> || <center>''-aán''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aán</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aán''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aán</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayeén''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayeén</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" | | | <center>3P</center> || <center>''-yihiín''</center>|| <center>''cas<b>yihiín</b>''</center> || <center>''-aán''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aán</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aán''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aán</b>''</center>|| <center>''-aayeén''</center> || <center>''cas<b>aayeén</b>''</center>|| colspan="4" style="background: gray" | | ||
|} | |} | ||
*An important (and slightly irregular) Class III verb is ''leh'' "having, owning". It is conjugated regular except for the long present, where the stem becomes ''lee-''. An epithetic ''y'' is inserted in the first person singular. e.g. ''leenaha'' "we have/own" (instead of ''*lehnaha''), ''leeyaha'' "I have, he has" (instead of ''*lehaha, *lehyaha''). | |||
====Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Voice==== | ====Tense, Aspect, Mood, and Voice==== | ||