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→Negation Particles
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***''isho'' + ''an'' → ''ishon'' | ***''isho'' + ''an'' → ''ishon'' | ||
***The rest simply add ''-an'' - i.e. ''anan, usan, ishan, unan, isinan'' | ***The rest simply add ''-an'' - i.e. ''anan, usan, ishan, unan, isinan'' | ||
***Alternatively, when another negative particle (i.e. ''mâ'' or ''yâa'') is present, ''an'' can come before the subject pronoun and attach to the preceding negative particle. The composite particle can still combine to following clitic subjects - e.g. ''mâan us'' / ''mâanus'' (= ''mâ'' + ''an'' + ''us'') | ***Alternatively, when another negative particle (i.e. ''mâ'' or ''yâa'') is present, ''an'' can come before the subject pronoun and attach to the preceding negative particle. The composite particle can still combine to following clitic subjects - e.g. ''mâan us'' / ''mâanus'' (= ''mâ'' + ''an'' + ''us''). If the subject is ''la'', ''an'' always comes before it (assuming it isn't dropped), whether another negative particle is present or not. | ||
** | **''an'' is also used as the sole negation particle in subordinate clauses. Since negation is shown on the verb, it is also optional here. e.g. ''ninkii (an) af soomaali aqiin'' "the man who does not know Somali". Note that in this usage, ''an'' prefers clause-initial position (although something like ''ninkii af soomaali <b>an</b> aqiin'' would not be incorrect). | ||
*''hâ'' is used in the negative imperative. e.g. ''ha bíxin'' "don't leave". | *''hâ'' is used in the negative imperative. e.g. ''ha bíxin'' "don't leave". | ||
*''yâa'' is used to negate the jussive. e.g. ''yá usan bíxin'' "don't let him leave". Like ''mâ'', ''yâa'' can combine with clitic subjects (it does so in the same manner as ''wâa''). e.g. ''yoosan bíxin''. | *''yâa'' is used to negate the jussive. e.g. ''yá usan bíxin'' "don't let him leave". Like ''mâ'', ''yâa'' can combine with clitic subjects (it does so in the same manner as ''wâa''). e.g. ''yoosan bíxin''. | ||