7,110
edits
Af Mexee: Difference between revisions
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::e.g. ''dhár naagh<b>eéd</b>'' "women's clothes (in general)" vs. ''dhár naág'' "clothes of a (specific) woman" | ::e.g. ''dhár naagh<b>eéd</b>'' "women's clothes (in general)" vs. ''dhár naág'' "clothes of a (specific) woman" | ||
*'''Vocative''': There are two ways of forming the vocative. | *'''Vocative''': There are two ways of forming the vocative. | ||
**'''Tonal vocative''': Formed with a high tone in the initial mora (and no other high tones). | **'''Tonal vocative''': Formed with a high tone in the initial mora (and no other high tones). Regardless of the regular plural suffix, the plural takes ''-(a)yaal''. | ||
**'''Suffixed vocative''': Formed with a suffix. There are two types: "specific" and "general" vocatives. | **'''Suffixed vocative''': Formed with a suffix. There are two types: "specific" and "general" vocatives. | ||
***"Specific" vocatives: have high tone and remove any present in the word. | ***"Specific" vocatives: have high tone and remove any present in the word. | ||
****Masculine: ''-ów'' (any final vowels are elided) | ****Masculine: ''-ów'' (any final vowels are elided) | ||
****Feminine: ''-éey'' (ending in consonant or ''-e'') / ''-óoy'' (ending in ''-o'') / ''-áay'' (ending in ''-a'') | ****Feminine: ''-éey'' (ending in consonant or ''-e'') / ''-óoy'' (ending in ''-o'') / ''-áay'' (ending in ''-a'') | ||
****Plural: ''-oónyów / -yáalów'' | ****Plural: ''-oónyów / -yáalów / -(a)yáalów'' | ||
***"General" vocatives: do not affect tonation of word. These cannot be used with definite or proper nouns. | ***"General" vocatives: do not affect tonation of word. These cannot be used with definite or proper nouns. | ||
****Masculine: ''- | ****Masculine: ''-yo(ho)w'' (corresponds to Af Maxaa ''-yohow'') | ||
****Feminine: ''- | ****Feminine: ''-ye(he)y'' (corresponds to Af Maxaa ''-yahay'') | ||
****Plural: ''- | ****Plural: ''-oónyo(ho)w / -yáalyo(ho)w / -(a)yáalyo(ho)w'' | ||
Special cases: | Special cases: | ||
*'''Plural''': As already stated, the plural is affected similarly as the singular except in specific cases. | *'''Plural''': As already stated, the plural is affected similarly as the singular except in specific cases. | ||
::e.g. ''nimoóyn'' "men <small>(ABS)</small>", ''nimooyn'' "men <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nimooýn'' "men <small>(GEN)</small>" | ::e.g. ''nimoóyn'' "men <small>(ABS)</small>", ''nimooyn'' "men <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nimooýn'' "men <small>(GEN)</small>", ''nímayaal / nimoónyów / nimayáalów / nimoónyo(ho)w / nimayáalyo(ho)w '' "men <small>(VOC)</small>!" | ||
*'''K/t determiners''': When a noun has a k/t determiner with a tone, only the tone of the determiner is affected. If it has no high tone in the absolutive, the word behaves as it would without the determiner. | *'''K/t determiners''': When a noun has a k/t determiner with a tone, only the tone of the determiner is affected. If it has no high tone in the absolutive, the word behaves as it would without the determiner. | ||
::e.g. Remote definite article: ''nínkíi'' "the man <small>(ABS)</small>", ''nínkii'' "the man <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nínkií'' "the man <small>(GEN)</small>" | ::e.g. Remote definite article: ''nínkíi'' "the man <small>(ABS)</small>", ''nínkii'' "the man <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nínkií'' "the man <small>(GEN)</small>", ''nínkíi / nínkiiyów'' "the man <small>(VOC)</small>!" | ||
:::Regular definite article: ''nínki'' "the man <small>(ABS)</small>", ''ninki'' "the man <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nínki'' "the man <small>(GEN)</small>" | :::Regular definite article: ''nínki'' "the man <small>(ABS)</small>", ''ninki'' "the man <small>(NOM)</small>", ''nínki'' "the man <small>(GEN)</small>", ''nínki / ninków'' "the man <small>(VOC)</small>!" | ||
===Particles=== | ===Particles=== | ||