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Wendlandish: Difference between revisions
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==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
Despite being a Romance language, Wendlandish has a very high number of words of non-Latin origin, particularly from Old Norse and Proto-Slavic as the most ancient borrowings, then in the Middle Ages particularly from Middle Low German (and some words of Baltic origin), then Polish, and most recently Danish, High German, and up until the present day Russian, which was the prestige language in Soviet times and is still particularly high regarded and spoken in the present-day Wendlands. Examples of these borrowings are: | Despite being a Romance language, Wendlandish has a very high number of words of non-Latin origin, particularly from Old Norse and Proto-Slavic as the most ancient borrowings, then in the Middle Ages particularly from Middle Low German (and some words of Baltic origin), then Polish, and most recently Danish, High German, and up until the present day Russian, which was the prestige language in Soviet times and is still particularly high regarded and spoken in the present-day Wendlands. Examples of these borrowings are: | ||
* from Old Norse: ''kirkja'' (church (coexists with ''ikjesj'' from Latin ''ecclēsia'')), ''morgin'' (breakfast, from ''morginn'' "morning"), ''dravm'' (dream, < ''draumr''), ''oran'' (eagle, < ''ǫrn''), ''veg'' (street, < ''vegr''), ''faur'' (beautiful, < ''fag(u)r'' — coexists with ''lymb'', cognate of e.g. Portuguese ''lindo''), and notably ''Vinnurlont'' (< ''Vindurlǫnd'') and the Old Norse genitive ''Vinnurlandana'' (< ''Vindurlandana'') which is used as a learned genitive in modern Wendlandish. ''Vinnurlænsk'' derives from the same root with an added Latin suffix, thus Pre-Wendlandish *Vindurlandīsco. | * from Old Norse: ''kirkja'' (church (coexists with ''ikjesj'' from Latin ''ecclēsia'')), ''morgin'' (breakfast, from ''morginn'' "morning"), ''dravm'' (dream, < ''draumr''), ''oran'' (eagle, < ''ǫrn''), ''veg'' (street, < ''vegr''), ''faur'' (beautiful, < ''fag(u)r'' — coexists with ''lymb'', cognate of e.g. Portuguese ''lindo''), ''ejra'' (ear, < ''eyra''), and notably ''Vinnurlont'' (< ''Vindurlǫnd'') and the Old Norse genitive ''Vinnurlandana'' (< ''Vindurlandana'') which is used as a learned genitive in modern Wendlandish. ''Vinnurlænsk'' derives from the same root with an added Latin suffix, thus Pre-Wendlandish *Vindurlandīsco. | ||
* from Proto-Slavic: ''jalin'' (deer, < *elenь), ''ljað'' (winter, < *ledъ "ice"), ''lysøs'' (salmon, < *lososь), ''tjað'' (baby, < *čędo), ''sjer'' (gray, < *śěrь), ''muld'' (new, < *moldъ "young"), ''let'' (year, < *lěto); | * from Proto-Slavic: ''jalin'' (deer, < *elenь), ''ljað'' (winter, < *ledъ "ice"), ''lysøs'' (salmon, < *lososь), ''tjað'' (baby, < *čędo), ''sjer'' (gray, < *śěrь), ''muld'' (new, < *moldъ "young"), ''let'' (year, < *lěto), ''prætjel'' (friend, < *prijàteljь); | ||
* from Middle Low German: ''fangnits'' (prison, < ''vangnisse''), ''gafil'' (fork, < ''gaffel''), ''førke'' (girl,< ''vroiken''), ''arvejð'' (work, < ''arbeide'' (Latin ''labor'' > ''lamir'' came to mean "task", while the learned borrowing ''labor'' means "oeuvre", "work of art")), ''forkast'' (lunch, < ''vrōkost''); | * from Middle Low German: ''fangnits'' (prison, < ''vangnisse''), ''gafil'' (fork, < ''gaffel''), ''førke'' (girl,< ''vroiken''), ''arvejð'' (work, < ''arbeide'' (Latin ''labor'' > ''lamir'' came to mean "task", while the learned borrowing ''labor'' means "oeuvre", "work of art")), ''forkast'' (lunch, < ''vrōkost''); | ||
* from Polish the most notable ones are many colour names, like ''tjervon'' (red, < ''czerwony''), ''sjilon'' (yellow, < ''zielony''), and probably ''lilan'' "purple" from ''liliowy''. Colour names in Wendlandish show many borrowings, like the probably Baltic terms ''ruds'' (brown) and ''gælten'' (yellow). | * from Polish the most notable ones are many colour names, like ''tjervon'' (red, < ''czerwony''), ''sjilon'' (yellow, < ''zielony''), and probably ''lilan'' "purple" from ''liliowy''. Colour names in Wendlandish show many borrowings, like the probably Baltic terms ''ruds'' (brown) and ''gælten'' (yellow). | ||