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Wendlandish: Difference between revisions
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Most adjectives are of the 1st declension; the 2nd declension ones mostly come from Latin ''-e'' adjectives or Middle High German ''-ik'' / Danish ''-ig'' ones (e.g. ''jegentsli'' "true, real"). There are, however, a few oddities, like ''tjervon'' (red), of Polish origin, being a 2nd declension adjective. | Most adjectives are of the 1st declension; the 2nd declension ones mostly come from Latin ''-e'' adjectives or Middle High German ''-ik'' / Danish ''-ig'' ones (e.g. ''jegentsli'' "true, real"). There are, however, a few oddities, like ''tjervon'' (red), of Polish origin, being a 2nd declension adjective. | ||
It should be kept in mind that two color terms have irregular declensions: '''ruds''' "brown" - fem. ''ruda'' and pl. ''rudar''; '''orants''' "orange" - fem. ''orantja'' and pl. ''orantjar''. | |||
====Comparatives and superlatives==== | |||
====Irregular adjectives==== | |||
There are eight (or nine) completely irregular adjectives with synthetic comparatives and superlatives, inherited from Latin — the reason for the count of eight or nine is that one of them, irregular from Latin, has been completely displaced in modern Wendlandish in its positive degree only by a Russian borrowing.<br/>All of them also follow irregular declensions (similar to ''ruds'' and ''orants''), but the comparative is invariable. | |||
The irregular adjectives are: | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Positive !! Comparative !! Superlative | |||
|- | |||
| '''bin''' <small>(''buna'', ''bunar'')</small> "good" || ''milir'' "better" || ''øftym'' <small>(''øftma'', ''øftmar'')</small><ref>The '''t''' is etymological and silent.</ref> "best" | |||
|- | |||
| '''møl''' <small>(''mala'', ''malar'')</small> "bad" || ''pjajir'' "worse" || ''pjasjym'' <small>(''pjasjima'', ''pjasjimar'')</small> "worst" | |||
|- | |||
| '''balsjoj''' <small>(''balsjaja'', ''balsjí'')</small> "big, large" || rowspan=2 | ''møyr'' "larger" || rowspan=2 | ''mesjym'' <small>(''mesjima'', ''mesjimar'')</small> "largest" | |||
|- | |||
| ''møyn'' <small>(''majna'', ''majnar'')</small> "big, large" (obsolete) | |||
|- | |||
| '''pør''' <small>(''parva'', ''parvar'')</small> "small" || ''minir'' "smaller" || ''minym'' <small>(''minima'', ''minimar'')</small> "smallest" | |||
|- | |||
| '''sufør''' <small>(''sufra'', ''sufrar'')</small> "high, tall, upper" || ''sufjarir'' "higher, taller" || ''sufrøm'' <small>(''sufrema'', ''sufremar'')</small> "highest, tallest, uppermost" | |||
|- | |||
| '''infør''' <small>(''infra'', ''infrar'')</small> "short, lower" || ''infjarir'' "shorter" || ''infym'' <small>(''infima'', ''infimar'')</small> "shortest, lowermost" | |||
|- | |||
| '''pistør''' <small>(''pistra'', ''pistrar'')</small> "(immediately) next, following" || ''pistjarir'' "next, following" (farther); "farther" || ''pistrøm'' <small>(''pistrema'', ''pistremar'')</small> "last; farthest" | |||
|- | |||
| '''jastør''' <small>(''jastra'', ''jastrar'')</small> "external, outside" || ''jastjarir'' "more external; protruding, farther" || ''jastrøm'' <small>(''jastrema'', ''jastremar'')</small> "last; farthest" | |||
|} | |||
More on ''pistjarir''/''jastjarir'' and ''pistrøm''/''jastrøm'': the forms of ''pistør'' are more often used when talking about things and their placement, as in a number - e.g. ''pistrema pørsjon'' "last position"; ''pistrøm køyðik ið sjirtiril'' "the writer's last book"; ''pistrema pisjuljæðla'' "the last chance". The forms of ''jastør'' are used when talking about spatial placement - e.g. ''jastrema kara i vegil'' "last house in the street". In some cases, both can be used - e.g. ''jastremar/pistremar persunar ið propkala'' "the last people of the queue". | |||
====Possessive adjectives==== | ====Possessive adjectives==== | ||