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Old Tíogall inherits many TAMs directly from Thensarian. In addition, Old Tíogall displays extensive verb allomorphy. Verbs can be grouped in two ways: non-prefixed and prefixed, and non-ablauting and ablauting. The verb tables below will use the following example verbs: | Old Tíogall inherits many TAMs directly from Thensarian. In addition, Old Tíogall displays extensive verb allomorphy. Verbs can be grouped in two ways: non-prefixed and prefixed, and non-ablauting and ablauting. The verb tables below will use the following example verbs: | ||
*Unprefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. ''túsaiṁ'' /ˈtuːsai̯mʰ/ 'he prays', '' | *Unprefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. ''túsaiṁ'' /ˈtuːsai̯mʰ/ 'he prays', ''bó·tús'' /niːˈtuːs/ 'he does not pray' (modern ''tús'') | ||
*Unprefixed, ablauting verbs: e.g. ''soṁaiṁ'' /somai̯mʰ/ 'he finds (intransitive)', '' | *Unprefixed, ablauting verbs: e.g. ''soṁaiṁ'' /somai̯mʰ/ 'he finds (intransitive)', ''bó·soṁa'' /niːˈsoma/ 'he does not find' (modern ''somh'') | ||
*Prefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. ''as·tóċ'' /asˈtoːkʰ/ 'he proves', '' | *Prefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. ''as·tóċ'' /asˈtoːkʰ/ 'he proves', ''bó·assaċ'' /niːˈasːakʰ/ 'he does not prove' (modern ''stóch'') | ||
*Prefixed ablauting verbs: e.g. ''dor·coḃ'' /dorˈkobʰ/ 'he tolerates' (< ''de-ar-cobymis'' 'at-on-bear'), '' | *Prefixed ablauting verbs: e.g. ''dor·coḃ'' /dorˈkobʰ/ 'he tolerates' (< ''de-ar-cobymis'' 'at-on-bear'), ''bó·dérb'' /niːˈdeːrb/ 'he does not tolerate' (modern ''déarb'') | ||
In case where there is a preverb, the first syllable after the interpunct is stressed. | In case where there is a preverb, the first syllable after the interpunct is stressed. | ||
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! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1SG || '' túsain'' < tússanis <br/>'' | | 1SG || '' túsain'' < tússanis <br/>''bó·tús'' < bocs tússan || ''soṁain'' < somynis <br/> ''bó·soṁ'' < bocs somyn || ''as·tóċan'' < astósācon<br/>''bó·assaċ'' < bocs ástosācon || ''dor·coḃ''<br/> ''bó·dérb'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2SG || '' túsair'' < tússaris<br/>'' | | 2SG || '' túsair'' < tússaris<br/>''bó·túsar'' < bocs tússar || ''soṁair'' < somyris <br/> ''bó·soṁar'' < bocs somyr || ''as·tóċar'' < astósācor<br/>''bó·assaċar'' < bocs ástosācor || ''dor·coḃar''<br/> ''bó·dérbar'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.M || '' túsaiṁ'' < tússamis<br/>'' | | 3SG.M || '' túsaiṁ'' < tússamis<br/>''bó·tús'' < bocs tússam || ''soṁaiṁ'' < somymis <br/> ''bó·soṁ'' < bocs somym || ''as·tóċ'' < astósācom<br/>''bó·assaċ'' < bocs ástosācom || ''dor·coḃ''<br/> ''bó·dérb'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.F || '' túsaé'' < tússasis<br/>'' | | 3SG.F || '' túsaé'' < tússasis<br/>''bó·túsaé'' < bocs tússasi || ''soṁaé'' < somysis <br/> ''bó·soṁaé'' < bocs somysi || ''as·tóċaé'' < astósācosi<br/>''bó·assaċ'' < bocs ástosācosi || ''dor·coḃaé''<br/> ''bó·dérbaé'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.N || '' tús'' < tússas<br/>'' | | 3SG.N || '' tús'' < tússas<br/>''bó·tús'' < bocs tússa || ''soiṁ'' < somis <br/> ''bó·soṁ'' < bocs somy || '' as·tóċ'' < astósācos<br/>''bó·assaċ'' < bocs ástosāco || ''dor·coḃ''<br/> ''bó·dérb'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1EX || '' túsmae'' < tússamēs<br/>'' | | 1EX || '' túsmae'' < tússamēs<br/>''bó·túsaiṁ'' < bocs tússamē || ''sommae'' < somymēs <br/> ''bó·soṁaiṁ'' < bocs somymē || '' as·tóċaiṁ'' < astósācomē<br/>''bó·assaċaiṁ'' < bocs ástosācomē || ''dor·coḃaiṁ''<br/> ''bó·dérbaiṁ'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1IN || '' túsait'' < tússantis<br/>'' | | 1IN || '' túsait'' < tússantis<br/>''bó·túsat'' < bocs tússant || ''soṁait'' < somyntis <br/> ''bó·soṁat'' < bocs somynt || '' as·tóċat'' < astósācont<br/>''bó·assaċat'' < bocs ástosācont || ''dor·coḃat''<br/> ''bó·dérbat'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2PL || '' túsaisc'' < tússasces<br/>'' | | 2PL || '' túsaisc'' < tússasces<br/>''bó·túsaisc'' < bocs tússasce || ''soṁaisc'' < somysces <br/> ''bó·soṁasc'' < bocs somysce || '' as·tóċaisc'' < astósācosce<br/>''bó·assaċaisc'' < bocs ástosācosce || ''dor·coḃaisc''<br/> ''bó·dérbaisc'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3PL || '' túsaiḋ'' < tússatis<br/>'' | | 3PL || '' túsaiḋ'' < tússatis<br/>''bó·túsaḋ'' < bocs tússat || ''soṁaiḋ'' < somytis <br/> ''bó·soṁaḋ'' < bocs somyt || '' as·tóċaḋ'' < astósācot<br/>''bó·assaċaḋ'' < bocs ástosācot || ''dor·coḃaḋ''<br/> ''bó·dérbaḋ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1SG || '' téussain'' < tétussanis <br/>'' | | 1SG || '' téussain'' < tétussanis <br/>''bó·téuss'' < bocs tétussan || ''séṁain'' < sésomynis <br/> ''bó·séṁ'' < bocs sésomyn || ''as·tecc'' <br/>''bó·astóċ'' || ''dor·coġḃ''<br/> ''bó·dercob'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2SG || '' téussair'' < tétussaris <br/>'' | | 2SG || '' téussair'' < tétussaris <br/>''bó·téussar'' < bocs tétussar || ''séṁair'' < somyris <br/> ''bó·séṁar'' < bocs sésomyr || ''as·teccar'' <br/>''bó·astóċar'' || ''dor·coġḃar''<br/> ''bó·dercobar'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.M || ''téussaiṁ'' < tétussamis<br/>'' | | 3SG.M || ''téussaiṁ'' < tétussamis<br/>''bó·téuss'' < bocs tétussam || ''séṁaiṁ'' < sésomymis <br/> ''bó·séṁ'' < bocs sésomym || ''as·tecc'' <br/>''bó·astóċ'' || ''dor·coġḃ''<br/> ''bó·dercob'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.F || ''téussaé'' < tétussasis<br/>'' | | 3SG.F || ''téussaé'' < tétussasis<br/>''bó·téussaé'' < bocs tétussasi || ''séṁaé'' < sésomysis <br/> ''bó·séṁaé'' < bocs sésomysi || ''as·teccaé'' <br/>''bó·astóċaé'' || ''dor·coġḃaé''<br/> ''bó·dercobaé'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.N || ''téuss'' < tétussas<br/>'' | | 3SG.N || ''téuss'' < tétussas<br/>''bó·téuss'' < bocs tétussa || ''séṁ'' < sésomis <br/> ''bó·séṁ'' < bocs sésomy || '' as·tecc'' <br/>''bó·astóċ'' || ''dor·coġḃ''<br/> ''bó·dercob'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1EX || '' téussaiṁ'' < tétussamēs<br/>'' | | 1EX || '' téussaiṁ'' < tétussamēs<br/>''bó·téussaiṁ'' < bocs tétussamē || ''sémmae'' < sésomymēs <br/> ''bó·séṁaiṁ'' < bocs sésomymē || '' as·teccaiṁ''<br/>''bó·astóċaiṁ'' || ''dor·coġḃaiṁ''<br/> ''bó·dercobaiṁ'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1IN || '' téussait'' < tétussantis<br/>'' | | 1IN || '' téussait'' < tétussantis<br/>''bó·téussat'' < bocs tétussant || ''séṁait'' < sésomyntis <br/> ''bó·séṁat'' < bocs sésomynt || '' as·teccat'' <br/>''bó·astóċat'' || ''dor·coġḃat''<br/> ''bó·dercobat'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2PL || '' téussaisc'' < tétussasces<br/>'' | | 2PL || '' téussaisc'' < tétussasces<br/>''bó·téussaisc'' < bocs tétussasce || ''séṁaisc'' < sésomysces <br/> ''bó·soṁasc'' < bocs sésomysce || '' as·teccaisc''<br/>''bó·astóċaisc'' || ''dor·coġḃaisc''<br/> ''bó·dercobaisc'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3PL || '' téussaiḋ'' < tétussatis<br/>'' | | 3PL || '' téussaiḋ'' < tétussatis<br/>''bó·téussaḋ'' < bocs tétussat || ''séṁaiḋ'' < sésomytis <br/> ''bó·séṁaḋ'' < bocs sésomyt || '' as·teccaḋ'' <br/>''bó·astóċaḋ'' || ''dor·coġḃaḋ''<br/> ''bó·dercobaḋ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1SG || '' túsnaim'' < tússannemis <br/>'' | | 1SG || '' túsnaim'' < tússannemis <br/>''bó·túsainn'' < bocs tússannem || ''siṁnim'' < siminnemis<br/>''bó·siṁinn'' < bocs siminnem || ''as·tóċainn'' < astósāconnem<br/>''bó·assaċainn'' < bocs ástosāconnem || ''dor·ciḃinn''<br/> ''bó·déirbinn'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2SG || '' túsaí'' < tússavȳs<br/>'' | | 2SG || '' túsaí'' < tússavȳs<br/>''bó·túsaí'' < bocs tússavȳ || ''siṁí'' < simivȳs<br/>''bó·siṁí'' < bocs simivȳ || ''as·tóċaí'' < astósācovȳ<br/>''bó·assaċaí'' < bocs ástosācovȳ || ''dor·ciḃí''<br/> ''bó·déirbí'' | ||
|-''dor·ciḃí''<br/> '' | |-''dor·ciḃí''<br/> ''bó·déirbí'' | ||
| 3SG.M || '' túsaim'' < tússasmis<br/>'' | | 3SG.M || '' túsaim'' < tússasmis<br/>''bó·túsaim'' < bocs tússasmi || ''siṁim'' < simismis<br/>''bó·siṁim'' < bocs simismi || ''as·tóċaim'' < astósācosmi<br/>''bó·assaċaim'' < bocs ástosācosmi || ''dor·ciḃim''<br/> ''bó·déirbim'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.F || '' túsais'' < tússastis<br/>'' | | 3SG.F || '' túsais'' < tússastis<br/>''bó·túsais'' < bocs tússasti || ''siṁis'' < simistis<br/>''bó·siṁis'' < bocs simisti || ''as·tóċais'' < astósācosti<br/>''bó·assaċais'' < bocs ástosācosti || ''dor·ciḃis''<br/> ''bó·déirbis'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.N || '' túsá'' < tússasos<br/>'' | | 3SG.N || '' túsá'' < tússasos<br/>''bó·túsá'' < bocs tússaso || ''siṁeo'' < simisos<br/>''bó·siṁeo'' < bocs simiso || '' as·tóċá'' < astósācoso<br/>''bó·assaċá'' < bocs ástosācoso || ''dor·ciḃeo''<br/> ''bó·déirbeo'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1EX || '' túsmair'' < tússameris<br/>'' | | 1EX || '' túsmair'' < tússameris<br/>''bó·túsmar'' < bocs tússamer || ''simmir'' < simimeris<br/>''bó·simmer'' < bocs simimeris || '' as·tóċmar'' < astósācomer<br/>''bó·assaċmar'' < bocs ástosācomer || ''dor·ciḃmer''<br/> ''bó·déirbmer'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1IN || '' túsdair'' < tússanteris<br/>'' | | 1IN || '' túsdair'' < tússanteris<br/>''bó·túsdar'' < bocs tússanter || ''siṁdir'' < siminteris<br/>''bó·siṁder'' < bocs siminteris || '' as·tóċdar'' < astósāconter<br/>''bó·assaċdar'' < bocs ástosāconter || ''dor·ciḃder''<br/> ''bó·déirbder'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2PL || '' tússcair'' < tússasceris<br/>'' | | 2PL || '' tússcair'' < tússasceris<br/>''bó·tússcar'' < bocs tússascer || ''siṁscir'' < simisceris<br/>''bó·siṁscer'' < bocs simisceris || '' as·tóċscar'' < astósācosceris<br/>''bó·assaċscar'' < bocs ástosācoscer || ''dor·ciḃscer''<br/> ''bó·déirbscer'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3PL || '' túsṫair'' < tússateris<br/>'' | | 3PL || '' túsṫair'' < tússateris<br/>''bó·túsṫar'' < bocs tússater || ''siṁṫir'' < simiteris<br/>''bó·siṁṫer'' < bocs simiteris || '' as·tóċṫar'' < astósācoter<br/>''bó·assaċṫar'' < bocs ástosācoter || ''dor·ciḃṫer''<br/> ''bó·déirbṫer'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ! Person !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''soṁain'' '"find"<br/>(non-prefixed, ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''dor·coḃ'' "tolerate"<br/>(prefixed, ablauting) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1SG || '' túsṫain'' < tússatēnis <br/>'' | | 1SG || '' túsṫain'' < tússatēnis <br/>''bó·túsaiḋ'' < bocs tússatēn || ''sóitin'' < sontēnis <br/> ''bó·sóit'' < bocs sontēn || ''as·tóċtan'' <br/>''bó·assaċt'' || ''dor·coċtan''<br/> ''bó·derċtan'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2SG || '' túsṫair'' < tússatēris <br/>'' | | 2SG || '' túsṫair'' < tússatēris <br/>''bó·túsṫar'' < bocs tússatēr || ''sóitir'' < sontēris <br/> ''bó·sóiter'' < bocs sontēr || ''as·tóċtar'' <br/>''bó·assaċtar'' || ''dor·coċtar''<br/> ''bó·derċtar'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.M || '' túsṫaiṁ'' < tússatēmis <br/>'' | | 3SG.M || '' túsṫaiṁ'' < tússatēmis <br/>''bó·túsaiḋ'' < bocs tússatēm || ''sóitiṁ'' < sontēmis <br/> ''bó·sóit'' < bocs somym || ''as·tóċt'' <br/>''bó·assaċt'' || ''dor·coċt''<br/> ''bó·derċt'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.F || '' túsṫaé'' < tússatēsis<br/>'' | | 3SG.F || '' túsṫaé'' < tússatēsis<br/>''bó·túsṫaé'' < bocs tússatēsi || ''sóité'' < sontēsis <br/> ''bó·sóité'' < bocs somysi || ''as·tóċtaé'' <br/>''bó·assaċtaé'' || ''dor·coċtaé''<br/> ''bó·derċtaé'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3SG.N || '' túsaiḋ'' < tússatēs<br/>'' | | 3SG.N || '' túsaiḋ'' < tússatēs<br/>''bó·túsaiḋ'' < bocs tússatē || ''sóit'' < sontēs <br/> ''bó·sóit'' < bocs sontē || '' as·tóċt'' <br/>''bó·assaċt'' || ''dor·coċt''<br/> ''bó·derċt'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1EX || '' túsṫaiṁ'' < tússatēmēs<br/>''túsṫaiṁ'' < | | 1EX || '' túsṫaiṁ'' < tússatēmēs<br/>''túsṫaiṁ'' < bocs tússatēmē || ''sóitiṁ'' < sontēmēs <br/> ''bó·sóiteṁ'' < bocs sontēm || '' as·tóċtaiṁ'' <br/>''bó·assaċtaiṁ'' || ''dor·coċtaiṁ''<br/> ''bó·derċtaiṁ'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1IN || '' túsṫait'' < tússatēntis<br/>'' | | 1IN || '' túsṫait'' < tússatēntis<br/>''bó·túsṫat'' < bocs tússatēnt || ''sóitit'' < sontēntis <br/> ''bó·sóitet'' < bocs sontēnt || '' as·tóċtat'' <br/>''bó·assaċtat'' || ''dor·coċtat''<br/> ''bó·derċtat'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2PL || '' túsṫaisc'' < tússatēsces<br/>'' | | 2PL || '' túsṫaisc'' < tússatēsces<br/>''bó·túsṫaisc'' < bocs tússatēsce || ''sóitisc'' < sontēsces <br/> ''bó·sóitisc'' < bocs sontēsce || '' as·tóċtaisc''<br/>''bó·assaċtaisc'' || ''dor·coċtaisc''<br/> ''bó·derċtaisc'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3PL || '' túsṫaiḋ'' < tússatētis<br/>'' | | 3PL || '' túsṫaiḋ'' < tússatētis<br/>''bó·túsṫaḋ'' < bocs tússatēt || ''sóitiḋ'' < sontētis <br/> ''bó·sóiteḋ'' < bocs sontēt || '' as·tóċtaḋ'' <br/>''bó·assaċtaḋ'' || ''dor·coċtaḋ''<br/> ''bó·derċtaḋ'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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