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Pomorian North-Western dialects: Difference between revisions
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Pomorian North-Western dialects (view source)
Revision as of 16:53, 18 October 2017
, 18 October 2017→Consonants
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| t̪͡s̪ | | t̪͡s̪ | ||
| t͡sʲ~t͡ɕ 1 | | t͡sʲ~t͡ɕ <sup>1</sup> | ||
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| d̪͡z̪ | | d̪͡z̪ | ||
| d͡zʲ~d͡ʑ 1 | | d͡zʲ~d͡ʑ <sup>1</sup> | ||
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! rowspan="2" | Fricative | ! rowspan="2" | Fricative | ||
! {{small|voiceless}} | ! {{small|voiceless}} | ||
| (f) 2 | | (f) <sup>2</sup> | ||
| s̪ | | s̪ | ||
| sʲ~ɕ 1 ʆ 3 | | sʲ~ɕ <sup>1</sup> ʆ <sup>3</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| h | | h <sup>4</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! {{small|voiced}} | ! {{small|voiced}} | ||
| | | | ||
| z̪ | | z̪ | ||
| zʲ~ʑ 1 | | zʲ~ʑ <sup>1</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| (ɦ) 4 | | (ɦ) <sup>4</sup> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Trill | ! colspan="2" | Trill | ||
| | | | ||
| r | | r | ||
| (rʲ) 5 | | (rʲ)/(r̝) <sup>5</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Approximant | ! colspan="2" | Approximant | ||
| w~ʋ 6 | | w~ʋ <sup>6</sup> | ||
| | | | ||
| j | | j | ||
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|} | |} | ||
'''Notes:''' | '''Notes:''' | ||
*1 Depends on speaker. Affricates [t͡ɕ], [d͡ʑ] are considered to be a Polish influence. | *1 Depends on a speaker. Affricates [t͡ɕ], [d͡ʑ] are considered to be a Polish influence. | ||
*2 Occures only in borrowings. | *2 Occures only in borrowings. | ||
*3 Pronunciation varies from [ʃ] to [ʂ] in different speakers with the latter being more common. | *3 Pronunciation varies from [ʃ] to [ʂ] in different speakers with the latter being more common. | ||
*4 [ɦ] is an allophone of /h/ in the intervocal position. | *4 [ɦ] is an allophone of /h/ in the intervocal position. Usually [h] is spelled ''ch'' as in old traditional system. At the end of the word this sound can undergo fortition to [x] unlike in the standard where it is always lax and can even disappear in a fast speech. | ||
*5 Does not appear in most North-Western dialects and is usually pronounced as as a sequence [rj] or plain [r]. It is also pronounced as [r̝] by some northern speakers - a unique feature of the Northern dialect. | *5 Does not appear in most North-Western dialects and is usually pronounced as as a sequence [rj] or plain [r]. It is also pronounced as [r̝] by some northern speakers - a unique feature of the Northern dialect. | ||
*6 [w] occures after back vowels, while [ʋ] - after front ones. | *6 [w] occures after back vowels, while [ʋ] - after front ones. Some, mostly second-language speakers pronounce it as [v] (and [f] near voiceless consonants). | ||
===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
The Western dialect has a [[w:Pitch accent (intonation)|pitch-accent]] while Northern has lost it gaining a fixed initial stress as in German. The Western dialect has the same accent types as in the standard: the falling accent - ''tvírdagalså'' - which can be long - ''dìlgå'' (marked with an acute) - or short - ''cẽrtå'' (marked with a grave) and the rising accent - ''lìkugalså'' (marked with a circumflex or a tilde). However in some words with the rising accent in the standard there is a falling accent (''tvirdagalså'') while ''tvirdagalså certå'' can be retracted to a previous syllable. For example ''dąbù'' (oak) is ''dǻmbu'' in Western dialect and ''doambu'' in Northern. | The Western dialect has a [[w:Pitch accent (intonation)|pitch-accent]] while Northern has lost it gaining a fixed initial stress as in German. The Western dialect has the same accent types as in the standard: the falling accent - ''tvírdagalså'' - which can be long - ''dìlgå'' (marked with an acute) - or short - ''cẽrtå'' (marked with a grave) and the rising accent - ''lìkugalså'' (marked with a circumflex or a tilde). However in some words with the rising accent in the standard there is a falling accent (''tvirdagalså'') while ''tvirdagalså certå'' can be retracted to a previous syllable. For example ''dąbù'' (oak) is ''dǻmbu'' in Western dialect and ''doambu'' in Northern. | ||