Proto-Rathmosian: Difference between revisions

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Proto-Rathmosian (view source)

Revision as of 19:59, 19 October 2017

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Consonants are generally single. The only consonant combinations permitted within a morpheme (either a root or an affix) are consonant + liquid (/l/ or /r/) at the start of a syllable and semivowel (/j/ or /w/) + consonant at the end of a syllable. Other combinations and geminate consonants may occur across syllable boundaries as a result of affixation and compounding.
The following processes of assimilation occur when certain sounds come into contact across syllables:
* voiced plosives /b, d, g/ are devoiced before voiceless plosives or fricatives /p, t, k, ɸ, s, x/.
* voiceless plosives /p, t, k/ are voiced before voiced plosives and nasals /b, d, g, n, m/.
* /t/ and /d/ assimilate to any following plosive or /n/
* /n/ assimilate to a following liquid /l, r/.


==Vowels==
==Vowels==
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The primary vowels /a, e, i, u/ may be long or short, but /ə/ is always short. Long vowels within the roots of words are originally the result of derivation from an active to a passive root, e.g. ''ker-'' "rule" > ''keer-'' "(is) ruled", but subsequent development of the derivatives of long and short roots has led to vowel length being phonemicised.
The semi-vowels /j/ and /w/ may occur after any vowel, effectively creating diphthongs, though for the purposes of syllable structure these are analysed as combinations of vowel + consonant: /aj, ej, uj, ij, əj, aw, ew, uw, iw, əw/. The combinations /ij/ and /uw/ may be analysed as [iː] and [uː]. The primary vowels may still be lengthened in these combinations, e.g. ''aay'' /aːj/, ''eew'' /eːw/. /iːj/ and /uːw/ are therefore equivalent of [iːː], [uːː].


==Orthography==
==Orthography==
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* /t/ and /d/ assimilate to any following plosive or /n/
* /t/ and /d/ assimilate to any following plosive or /n/
* /n/ assimilates to a following liquid /l, r/.
* /n/ assimilates to a following liquid /l, r/.
==Syllables and Roots==
Words are constructed from a root plus various derivational or morphological affixes. Roots are almost always monosyllabic and usually begin and end with a consonant, though some vowel-initial roots do occur. They may take one of the following forms:
Affixes may be V, VC, C, CV, CVC.


=Morphology=
=Morphology=
Psammead
837

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