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Pomorian North-Western dialects: Difference between revisions
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Pomorian North-Western dialects (view source)
Revision as of 15:45, 22 October 2017
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'''Future tense''' | '''Future tense''' | ||
Modern Pomerellian has no synthetic future tense just like the standard. Only the verb ''būti'' has an additional simple '''future tense''' which conjugates like present, but using the form ''' | Modern Pomerellian has no synthetic future tense just like the standard. Only the verb ''būti'' has an additional simple '''future tense''' which conjugates like present, but using the n-form '''bųsti''' instead. This form similarly to English "will" is used together with other verbs to create various analytic aspects of the future tense. For example: ''bundå zodyti'' (I will decide); ''bundå zodiuo, kad pudzėďes'' (I will have decided by the time you ask (me)). Some other verbs like ''jeiti'' (to go), ''stoti'' (to stand), ''lyti'' (to rain) or ''dėti'' (to place) have the n-form to indicate events expected in the future. In Eastern dialects this form became a new future tense. | ||
{|class=wikitable collapsible collapsed style=text-align:center | {|class=wikitable collapsible collapsed style=text-align:center | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''I''' | |align="right"|'''I''' | ||
| | |búndå | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''You (singular)''' | |align="right"|'''You (singular)''' | ||
| | |búndes | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right" |'''He/She/It''' | |align="right" |'''He/She/It''' | ||
| | |búnde | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''We two''' | |align="right"|'''We two''' | ||
| | |búndeva | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''You two''' | |align="right"|'''You two''' | ||
| | |búndeta | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right" |'''They two''' | |align="right" |'''They two''' | ||
| | |búndete | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''We''' | |align="right"|'''We''' | ||
| | |búndemu | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right"|'''You (plural)''' | |align="right"|'''You (plural)''' | ||
| | |búndete | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="right" |'''They''' | |align="right" |'''They''' | ||
| | |búndą | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
However an archaic form of a synthetic future tense had been seldom used by the end of the XXth century especially in folklore, where it can still be found | However an archaic form of a synthetic future tense had been seldom used by the end of the XXth century especially in folklore, where it can still be found nowadays. These are just some relics like ''būšęsiå tåmou'' (I will be there, stative); ''Doďeši mė bėtu kelkå peningo?'' (Will you give me some money, please?) | ||
'''Past tense''' | '''Past tense''' | ||
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Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in desiderative) and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods). | Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in desiderative) and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods). | ||
====Participles==== | ====Participles==== | ||
Like the standard Pomorian the Pomerellian dialect has a lot of participles. In fact it has even more types of them, 16 in total. But sometimes an adjectival and its correspondent adverbial participles are counted as a single type (with adjectival and adverbial endings). Every adjectival participle can decline for case, number and gender. These types are: | Like the standard Pomorian the Pomerellian dialect has a lot of participles. In fact it has even more types of them, 16 in total. But sometimes an adjectival and its correspondent adverbial participles are counted as a single type (with adjectival and adverbial endings). Every adjectival participle can decline for case, number and gender. These types are: | ||