Literature talk:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland: Difference between revisions

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Literature talk:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (view source)

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{{speedy}}
 
<!--
 
This is a short reminder of the language format policy.
 
I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.
 
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==Introduction==
 
===Todo===
<poem>
nouns are given in def sg and def pl forms (Bhadhagha gib)
big: go qhéith
small: go chun
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaos, na fhaos
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark should be an cilear / na cilear
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fhéir, na bhféir
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofa, na sciofa
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíola, na bíola
breast: an dhsrachta, na srachta
heart: an luicheamh, na luicheamh
liver: an steóiseamh, na dhsteóiseamh
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'
 
to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith
 
ni fhiorad = now, from an fhiorad / na fiorad 'moment'
 
einnbhí = envy
 
ciúr, céiq, cear, ceann, céidh, céibh, ceanna?
present
without the c they're past tense
lionúr, líq, lear, leann, lionóidh, lionóibh, leanna = future
 
</poem>
 
An Bhlaoighne is inspired by Irish though the aesthetic is turning out more like Proto-Indo-European.
 
<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
 
<!-- Example categories/headings:
 
Goals
Setting
Inspiration
 
-->
 
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
 
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Syllable structure
Stress
Intonation
 
-->
 
==Phonology==
 
Phonology of An Bhlaoighne:
a e i o u á é í ó ú /ä e̞~ɛ i o̞~ɔ u a: ɛ: i: o: u:/ + far too many diphthongs to even count!
 
b c d f g h l m n ŋ p q r s t x
/b k d̪ f g h l̪ m n̪ ŋ p tɬ ɹ s t̪ ɬ/
 
The letters bcdfgpqstx can participate in two mutations. In addition, m can be aspirated.
 
Aspiration:
bh ch dh fh gh mh ph qh sh th xh
/bʰ kʰ d̪ʰ fʰ gʰ mʰ pʰ tɬʰ sʰ t̪ʰ ɬʰ/
 
Prenasalization:
mb gc nd bhf ŋg _ mp nq dhs dt dhx
/ᵐb ᵑk ⁿd̪ bʰf ᵑg ᵐp ⁿtɬ dʰs ⁿt̪ dʰɬ/
 
===Sindarin analog===
<poem>
ai -> e
ái -> ä́ -> ia
ao -> å -> o
ea -> ia
ei -> e
eo -> ö́ -> io
aoi, eoi -> í
eo -> o
ia -> ie
io -> io
oi -> e
ua -> uo
uai -> í
 
éa -> é
eá -> á
eó -> ó
eói -> é
éi -> ei
ío -> io
iú -> ǘ -> iu
iúi -> í
ói -> é
oí -> í
úi, uí -> í
 
prepositions
 
to: eis -> sós, smedh, san, es
from: chois éinn go na -> hios, hiomedh, hion, hion
in: ni -> nis, nimedh, nin, nin
away from: ni amhaidh na -> aus, aumedh, aun, aun
with: ro -> ros, romedh, ron, ron
without: go ríste na -> rís, rímedh, rín, rín
like: qe -> qes, qemedh, qen, qen
unlike: xa aghabh na -> xás, xámedh, xán, xán
 
passive: go leath 'to suffer'
causative: go dhaimh 'to cause'
reflexive: go dhsinn 'to share'
 
causative construction:
 
to cause X to Y the/a Z = dhaimh Y Z ro X
 
 
 
ise = an bhl root for 'this'
ni n-uais ise -> nuaiste -> "sindarin" níst 'today'
ni dhxeóthaigh ise -> "sindarin" λioþis 'this year'
 
díse, keves, ξiche, saureð = fall, winter, spring, summer
díses, kevest, ξiches, saures = this fall, this winter, this spring, this summer
</poem>
 
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Intonation====
 
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
 
==Morphology==
<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->
===Article===
Both the definite and indefinite articles are 'an' in the singular, 'na' in the plural.
===Gender and declensions===
 
The An Bhlaoighne nominal system has three genders and three declensions.
 
First declension masculine:
indef. sg. aspiration; indef. pl. prenasalization; def. sg. no mutation; def. pl. no mutation
 
First declension feminine:
indef. sg. prenasalization; indef. pl. aspiration; def. sg. aspiration; def. pl. prenasalization
 
First declension neuter:
indef. sg. no mutation; indef. pl. no mutation; def. sg. prenasalization; def. pl. aspiration
 
Second declension masculine:
indef. sg. aspiration; indef. pl. aspiration; def. sg. no mutation; def. pl. prenasalization
 
Second declension feminine:
indef. sg. prenasalization; indef. pl. no mutation; def. sg. aspiration; def. pl. aspiration
 
Second declension neuter:
indef. sg. no mutation; indef. pl. prenasalization; def. sg. prenasalization; def. pl. no mutation
 
Third declension masculine:
indef. sg. aspiration; indef. pl. no mutation; def. sg. no mutation; def. pl. aspiration
 
Third declension feminine:
indef. sg. prenasalization; indef. pl. prenasalization; def. sg. aspiration; def. pl. no mutation
 
Third declension neuter:
indef. sg. no mutation; indef. pl. aspiration; def. sg. prenasalization; def. pl. prenasalization
 
Examples:
 
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''bheathra'' 'man' - 2nd decl. masc.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Indefinite
| ''an bheathra'' || ''na bheathra''
|-
! Definite
| ''an beathra'' || ''na mbeathra''
|}
 
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''chealim'' 'table' - 1st decl. masc.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Indefinite
| ''an chealim'' || ''na gcealim''
|-
! Definite
| ''an cealim'' || ''na cealim''
|}
 
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''mblaoighne'' 'language' - 1st decl. fem.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Indefinite
| ''an mblaoighne'' || ''na bhlaoighne''
|-
! Definite
| ''an bhlaoighne'' || ''na mblaoighne''
|}
 
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''fiodenn'' 'honor' - 3rd decl. neut.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Indefinite
| ''an fiodenn'' || ''na fhiodenn''
|-
! Definite
| ''an bhfiodenn'' || ''na bhfiodenn''
|}
 
{| class="wikitable " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''páirín'' 'house' - 2nd decl. neut.
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |
! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
!  style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! Indefinite
| ''an páirín'' || ''na bpáirín''
|-
! Definite
| ''an bpáirín'' || ''na páirín''
|}
 
(Nouns beginning with 'm' can only be 2nd decl masc, 2nd dec fem, 3rd decl masc or 1st decl fem)
 
There's also a 'grab bag' class of nouns that begin with consonants that can't be mutated. The gender of a noun in this class is determined solely by meaning, and there is no way to differentiate between its definite and indefinite form.
 
===Tenses===
present: ceis, cean (with the article)
past: éadh, éan (with the article)
future: liobh, lian (with the article)
aorist ("timeless"): fo, fon
 
*''Fon cealim go bhfóina.'' /fon kealim go bʰfo:jna/ 'The table is white'
*''Cean beathra go dhxeathar.'' /kean beatʰra go dʰɬeatʰar/ 'The man is walking'
*''Cean bheathra go mblaoigh.'' /kean bʰeatʰra go ᵐblaojgʰ/ 'A man is speaking'
(''go''+prenasalization literally means 'in')
===Prepositions fusing with 'an'===
 
*'in': ''go'' + ''an'' = ''ni'', ''go'' + ''na'' = ''in''
*'with': ''ro'' + ''an'' = ''ca'', ''ro'' + ''na'' = ''ac''
*'to': ''eis'' + ''an'' = ''sa'', ''eis'' + ''na'' = ''as''
*'like': ''qe'' + ''an'' = ''xa'', ''qe'' + ''na'' = ''ax''
 
===Inflected prepositions===
 
I, you, he/she, this, that, we, you, they
 
eisiúr, eiséiq, eisear, eiseannsa, eiseann, eisidh, eisibh, eiseanna
 
niúr, néiq, near, neannsa, neann, néidh, néibh, neanna
 
rúr, róiq, rór, rónnsa, rónn, róidh, róibh, rónna
 
qiúr, qéiq, qear, qeannsa, qeann, qéidh, qéibh, qeanna
 
<!-- Here are some example subcategories:
 
Nouns
Adjectives
Verbs
Adverbs
Particles
Derivational morphology
 
-->
 
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
 
==Numerals==
 
*0 = ''dírabh'' /di:rabʰ/
*1 = ''óis'' /o:js/
*2 = ''réix'' /re:jɬ/
*3 = ''daobhe'' /daobʰe/
*4 = ''fuín'' /fwi:n/
*5 = ''seamh'' /seamʰ/
*6 = ''taca'' /taka/
*7 = ''óista n-óis'' /o:jsta no:js/
*8 = ''óista réix'' /o:jsta re:jɬ/
*9 = ''óista ndaobhe'' /o:jsta ⁿdaobʰe/
*10 = ''óista bhfuín'' /o:jsta bʰfwi:n/
*11 = ''óista dhseamh'' /o:jsta dʰseamʰ/
*12 = ''réixta'' /re:jɬta/
*18 = ''daobheta'' /daobʰeta/ or ''daobhta'' /daobʰta/
*24 = ''fuínta'' /fwi:nta/
*30 = ''seamhta'' /seamʰta/
*36 = ''gról'' /gro:l/
*37 = ''gról d'óis'' /gro:l do:js/
*38 = ''gról da réix'' /gro:l da re:jɬ/
...
*72 = ''réix gról''
...
*1295 = ''seamhta dhseamh gról da seamhta dhseamh''
*1296 = ''quiche'' /tɬujkʰe/
 
==Example texts==
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
 
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[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Zul]]
[[Category:M-Pfeuno-K'aitian languages]]
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