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Dama Diwan: Difference between revisions
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→An ideal standardized form / NAMA KAWEN WAMO
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In extended Dama, when a vowel is lengthened for intensification, it changes its height: it becomes close if it was open (in monosyllabic words) and it becomes open if it was close (in the stems of disyllabic words). Vowel lenghthening for showing intensification is also accompanied by a higher tone (pitch). | In extended Dama, when a vowel is lengthened for intensification, it changes its height: it becomes close if it was open (in monosyllabic words) and it becomes open if it was close (in the stems of disyllabic words). Vowel lenghthening for showing intensification is also accompanied by a higher tone (pitch). | ||
The stressed syllable of words is the first syllable; however, if the second syllable of disyllabic words is lengthened for showing diminution, that second syllable is stressed instead of the first one. | The stressed syllable of words is the first syllable; however, if the second syllable of disyllabic words is lengthened for showing diminution, that second syllable is stressed instead of the first one. | ||
A /h/ is inserted between vowels belonging to different words. | A /h/ is inserted between vowels belonging to different words, and between -N+v- (that is, an /h/ is also pronounced before a vowel that follows a -N of the previous word). The /ʔ/ is inserted between vowels of the same word (occurring only in extended Dama). When a I or U is next to another vowel within a word, it turns to /j/ / /w/ respectively. If there are two successive vowels in a word of extended Dama, the second one is stressed, except if the first one is A, then this A is stressed. | ||
In extended Dama, WUv- and JIv- (v=vowel) are turned to WOv- and JEv- respectively. Prefixes are never stressed. | In extended Dama, WUv- and JIv- (v=vowel) are turned to WOv- and JEv- respectively. Prefixes are never stressed. | ||
In singing or chanting, monosyllabic words are followed by /x/, which turns to the same consonant as the following if it is k / t / b / r / s; e.g., TO BE SIRO is to be pronounced TOB BES SIRO; but TO NE JATO is to be pronounced as TOx NEx JATO (because there is no "repeatable" consonant after the /x/). | In singing or chanting, monosyllabic words are followed by /x/, which turns to the same consonant as the following if it is k / t / b / r / s; e.g., TO BE SIRO is to be pronounced TOB BES SIRO; but TO NE JATO is to be pronounced as TOx NEx JATO (because there is no "repeatable" consonant after the /x/). | ||
In conversation, /x/ is not used, but only a /ʔ/ at the end of stressed monosyllabic words followed by j / w / n / m. | In conversation, /x/ is not used, but only a /ʔ/ at the end of stressed monosyllabic words followed by j / w / n / m, and no consonants are "repeated" (i.e. lengthened), except that M should always be slightly longer than N. | ||
Monosyllabic words are stressed unless they are joined to the previous disyllabic word, in which case they are pronounced with the previous disyllabic as if it were one trisyllabic word. | Monosyllabic words are stressed unless they are joined to the previous disyllabic word, in which case they are pronounced with the previous disyllabic as if it were one trisyllabic word. | ||