User:Chrysophylax/yow tha

Phonology

the vowels

i
             o
      a

the consonants

     t tʰ k kʰ
          s sʰ h
                  ʔ ʕ
            y w
m n

syllable

The syllable is bound:

• C(g)V(g)(C)

where g = glide, and C = any consonant

phonological word

Additional binds:

can only end on a nasal, glide, vowel, fricative.

e.g. ~takʰ → [takkʰa]

morphophonemic

m- prefix ~n before t tʰ

sandhi

dissimilatory processes

• Semivowel exchange:

A /w/ after /o/ will change to /j/, whilst /j/ after /i/ becomes /w/. E.g. underlying |sʰwo-wt-| → /sʰwojt/ → [sʰwojta] 'meat'

• Semivowel dissimilation

final /w/ becomes [kʰ] when followed by another word containing /w/ in the onset. E.g. /ʔjow ʕwan/ → [ʔjokʰ‿ʕwan]

aphaeresis

vowels occurring in positions with little stress might be reduced or deleted, e.g. /sanatakkʰa/ → [sənatakkʰa] / [snatakkʰa]

prasadī

da sentinz

• da indicative sentinz is intoned σ³¹
• da interrogative intones σ¹³⁽⁴⁾

morphology

verbs

do not inflect for subject

e.g. ʾikh ħwanta natakkha 'I hold that great valley' (Lit. 'that great valley hold')

suffix

y-suffix

The y-affix represents the conflation of the categories: non-present, non-past, unrealised, counterfactual, atelic, which we denote unreal. The affix will be infixed when it is so possible (glide position not occupied), else it will realise as -ay e.g. takʰ + -y > taykʰ- but sawʕ + y > sawʕay

prefix verb extension

m-prefix

stative

determiners

prox.	dist.
ʾakh	ʾikh

nomina

-t-

augments da nomen

-n-

intensifies da meaning

-sʰ-

dat be a tool

reduplication

reduplication as copulative

creates copulative form, e.g. yow 'shade' → yoyow '(Y) is shade'

syntax

noun phrasis

compounding

• head-final

e.g. ʾyow tha 'speech of the shaded valley' (short for ʾyow ħwan tha lit. 'shade dale word')