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|featured banner=Etu ethnema ta etu anzan uʾummen. Maye ta goyotita, ta ethahama, veta vemaguma, uʾunme mumnayyir.}}
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{{Infobox language
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|image = Ta Athnai.png
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]]
|imagesize = 250px
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]]
|name = Attian
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]]
|pronunciation_key = IPA for Attian
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]]
|nativename = Athnai
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]]
|creator = User:Waahlis
[[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][[File:8-admins-red.png|2098px|link=User:PMOB]][
|pronunciation = aθ'nai̩
|region = [[w:Caucasia|Caucasia]]
|states = [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]], [[w:Georgia|Georgia]]
|speakers = 61,000
|date = 2012
|familycolor = Language isolate
|fam1 = Attamian
|fam2 = Attno-Damian
|fam3 = Attic
|ancestor = [[Attian#Middle Attian|Middle Attian]]
|dia1 = Standard Attian
|dia2 = Hayani
|dia3 = Vittori
|map = Agartha.jpg
|mapcaption    = Map picturing the Agartha region in Transcaucasia, crossing the borders of [[w:Armenia|Armenia]], [[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]] and [[w:Georgia|Georgia]].
|script = [[w:Hebrew script|Hebrew]], [[w:Latin script|Latin]]
|agency = Academia ta Athnai
| clcr = qat
|notice = IPA
}}
'''Attian''' (''Attian Hevriti'': '''אתנְי''', ''Latin'': '''Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/aθ'nai̩/]]) is a constructed, a priori and naturalistic language in the Attamian family of languages, descended from the hypothetical Proto-Attamian language. It has no other purpose than to be an excellent display of my personal debauchery and pleasures.
 
The language is being created by the user and [[Linguifex:Administrators|administrator]] [[User:Waahlis|Waahlis]] of '''Linguifex'''. Obviously, and almost self-evidently, it has no native speakers and is not the official language anywhere else than in an office.
 
==Background==
[[File:Attian.png|thumb|left|The corresponding sphere and signature of the Attian language used on the wiki.|200px]]
Naturalism nowadays implies the creation of fictional settings, to legitimate the choice of vocabulary, semantics and pragmatics. I will for once actually do such a  thing, implementing the language into the modern world of Caucasus. Perhaps then I can justify a few loan words.
 
'''Attian''' (Attian Hevriti: '''אתנְי''', Latin: '''Athnai''', [[IPA for Attian|/aθˈnai̩/]]) is an [[Attamian languages|Attamian language]] spoken in the [[w:Caucasus|Caucasus]], across the borders of [[w:Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[w:Armenia|Armenia]] and [[w:Turkey|Turkey]]. It is not known to have any transparent genetic connections to any other language, despite a number of attempts of classification.
 
The language has been documented in the Caucasus since at least the 9<sup>th</sup> century AD, with the discovery of the '''Hayastani documents''', (Attian: '''Egrava ta Hayaztan''', '''חגרְוְ טְ חְיְזטְן''') a Greek transcript of the languages in an around the [[w:Transcaucasian|Transcaucasian]] settlements. The now fragile documents were written by the Byzantine Greek philosopher Antenor [[w:Yerevan|Erevanon]], in an effort to investigate the ethnic diversity i the region:
 
 
{{quote
|text=I have seen many different men of various posture and pride passing these roads, none less awe-inspiring than the other: The '''[[w:Armenians|Armenioi]]''', an intelligent breed, clever and calculating merchants speaking a language not too dissimilar to our own. [...] <!-- Then there are the '''[[w:Georgians|Georgioi]]''', quite similar to the Armenioi, but far moredivided and barbaric in their utterances, just like the warmonging Kurds and Turks. --> Then there are the '''[[Qafesona|Caphessonioi]]''', peaceful, tranquil, with a timid stance towards strangers, speaking a language using the very letters of our own alphabet. The '''[[Attian|Attnicoi]]''' on the other hand, are interesting, a reclusive tribe of people, shy to speak with their proper, unintelligible speech; preferring to use that of their neighbours [...]''
|sign=-Antenor Erevanon, 9<sup>th</sup> century Judaeo-Greek philospher and settler
|source=Hayastani documents
}}
 
The number of speakers of the language is unknown, but the numbers are estimated to be fairly low. Influence by neighboring languages, such as Armenian, Georgian and enclaves of Greek, [[w:Hebrew|Hebrew]] and [[Qafesona]] speakers threaten the language by the inclusion of loanwords, but the greatest threat is from the universal English language, as more and more Attians acquire internet and television, featuring the language.
 
==Phonology==
:''For more information, go to [[Attian/Phonology]]''
This is the complete consonant and vowel phoneme inventories of the Attian language, they are the sounds with minimal pairing effect on lexemes.
The language is notable for missing one of the conventional plosive series among consonants, missing a phonemic distinction of the complete bilabial place of articulation. It also differentiates four pairs of rounded and unrounded vowels.
 
Please note that the bolded letters are orthographic representations.
 
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-n|2}}
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="width: 650px; text-align: center;"
|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Attian'''
! colspan="9"|Consonant phonemes
|-
! colspan="2"|
! style="text-align: center;"|Dental
! style="text-align: center;"|Alveolar
! style="text-align: center;"|Palatal
! style="text-align: center;"|Velar
! style="text-align: center;"|Glottal
|-
! colspan="2"|Nasals
| colspan="2"|'''n '''/n/
|
|'''m''' /ŋ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Plosive
!<small>voiceless</small>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''t''' /t/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''g''' /k-ɡ/
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''ʔ''' /ʔ/
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"|'''d '''/d/
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|'''th''' /θ/
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''z''' /s-z/
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''j''' /ç-ʝ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''h''' /h-ɦ/
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| style="text-align: center;"|'''dh''' /ð/
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximant
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''y''' /j/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''v''' /w-ɰ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Trill
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''r''' /r̥/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|}
 
*Consonant gemination is phonemic, and applies to all consonants but /h/, but never occurs initially. Gemination is marked by doubling the grapheme.
*The labio-velar approximant /w/, is pronounced /ɰ/ when intervocalic.
*The vowels ‹a›, ‹e› and ‹o› are paired up with a rounded vowel. The rounded vowel occurs after some of the phonemes /m/ and /ɡ/.
{{Col-n|2}}
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"
|+  '''Vowel phonemes in Attian'''
!
! style="text-align: center;"|Front
! style="text-align: center;"|Central
! style="text-align: center;"|Back
|-align=center class=small
|-align=center
! Close
|'''i''' /i/||  ||'''u''' /u/
|-align=center
! Near-close
||| ||'''o''' /ɤ/ · '''o''' /o/
|-align=center
! Close-Mid
|'''a''' /ø/||  ||
|-align=center
! Mid
|||  ||
|-align=center
! Open-Mid
| '''e''' /ɛ/ · '''e''' /œ/||  ||
|-align=center
! Near-Open
| ||  ||
|-align=center
! Open
| ||'''a''' /a/ ||
|}
{{Col-end}}
===Consonants===
The Attian consonants undergo a number of phonological processes, all of which are completely phonemic.
 
====Voicing====
The phonemes /s/, /ç/, /k/, /r̥/ and /h/ are all voiced when following a voiced consonant, preceeding /w/, or when in intervocalic position.
 
====Labiovelar coarticulation====
The labiovelar coarticulation, or simply labiovelarisation, is a process which only applies to the velar stops, that is /ŋ/, and /ɡ/.
The velar stops are coarticulated with their labial analogue when followed by a rounded vowel. This causes the phonemes /ŋ͡m/, /k͡p/ and /ɡ͡b/.
 
Other situations producing the labiovelars, and especially the nasal one, are collisions of /ŋ/ and /n/, no matter the order. In addition, the combinations /n/ or /ŋ/ + /w/ grants the labiovelar nasal /ŋ͡m/.
 
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
|'''u{{blue|gg}}a'''
 
!
 
|'''a{{blue|mnv}}a'''
 
!
 
|'''gva u{{blue|gg}}a gi{{blue|g}}a'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| /uɡˈɡø/ → /uˈ{{blue|ɡ͡b}}ø/
 
!
 
| /aŋˈna/ → /aˈ{{blue|ŋ͡m}}a/
 
!
 
|/ɡwa uɡˈɡø ˈɡiɡø/ → [ɡwa uˈ{{blue|ɡ͡b}}ø ˈki{{blue|ɡ͡b}}ø]
|-
<!-- Translation -->
| ''fish''
 
!
 
| ''you; thou''
 
!
 
|''I fish fish''
|}
 
====Aspiration====
 
The two plosives /t/ and /d/ are aspirated into /tʰ/ and /dʰ/ intervocalic positions. {{Sidebar-At}}
Aspiration only applies should the plosives occur as a coda, or onset in an unstressed syllable. This implies that any aspiration due to external sandhi, i.e. if the preceeding word ends with a vowel, is impossible.
 
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;"
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
|'''a{{blue|d}}ina'''
 
!
 
|'''ye{{blue|t}}ai'''
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
| /aˈdina/ → [aˈ{{blue|ð}}ina]
 
!
 
|/ˈjɛtai̩/ → [ˈjɛ{{blue|tʰ}}ai̩]
|-
<!-- Translation -->
| ''meal''
 
!
 
|''small eye; peeking Tom''
|}
 
====Other====
The glottal fricative /h/, has an irregular effect if preceding or following hetero-organic plosives. The hetero-organic plosive is geminated, or doubled, and the glottal fricative is deleted from speech.
 
===Vowels===
This is the vocalic phoneme inventory of the Attian language. All of the following phonemes are phonemic, however, due to severe allophony in most dialects, the inventory is somewhat [[Attian#Vowel allophony|larger]]. The Attian language has 10 basic vowels, whereof four rounded and six unrounded.
 
{{Vowels-At}}
====Vowel reduction====
There is a slight reduction of /u/ and /ɛ/ in open coda to /ʊ/ and /ə/ respectively.
 
=====Diphthongs=====
There is an amount of phonemic diphthongs in the Attian language. They non-syllabic elements [i̯] and [u̯] are heavily allophonic with /j/ and /w/ respectively, and most often simplified as such.
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 200px; text-align: center;"
|+
! colspan="4"|Rising
! colspan="4"|Falling
|-
! colspan="2"|ya
| colspan="2"|[ja]
! colspan="2"|ay
| colspan="2"|[aj]
|-
! colspan="2"|ye
| colspan="2"|[jɛ]
! colspan="2"|ey
| colspan="2"|[ɛj]
|-
! colspan="2"|yi
| colspan="2"|[ji]
! colspan="2"|iy
| colspan="2"|[ij]
|-
! colspan="2"| yo
| colspan="2"| [jo]
! colspan="2"|oy
| colspan="2"|[oj]
|-
! colspan="2"| yu
| colspan="2"| [ju]
! colspan="2"|uy
| colspan="2"|[uj]
|-
! colspan="2"| va
| colspan="2"| [wa]
! colspan="2"|av
| colspan="2"|[aw]
|-
! colspan="2"|ev
| colspan="2"| [wɛ]
! colspan="2"|ev
| colspan="2"|[ɛw]
|-
! colspan="2"|vi
| colspan="2"|[wi]
! colspan="2"|iv
| colspan="2"|[iw]
|-
! colspan="2"| vo
| colspan="2"| [wo]
! colspan="2"|ov
| colspan="2"|[ow]
|-
! colspan="2"| vu
| colspan="2"| [wu]
! colspan="2"|uv
| colspan="2"|[uw]
|}
 
====Vowel allophony====
:''For more information, go to [[Attian/Phonology]]''
Dialectal or colloquial variances in the Attian language includes vowel allophony. When subjects to stress, vowels may change their quality:
*Preceding palato-velar or glottal consonants. This retracts articulation of front vowels, and leaves back vowels unaffected.
*Preceding rhotic consonants, i.e. /r̥/. Vowels preceding the rhotic become supradentalised if back, and unaffected if front vowels.
*In a stressed syllable. The language has a [[Attian#Stress|moraic stress system]], thus distinguishing the weight of syllables - the heavier the syllable, the greater chance of being stressed.
 
==Phonotactics==
 
'''C''' = Consonant<br>
'''N''' = Nasal stop<br>
'''V''' = Vowel or Diphthong<br>
 
The Attian language's phonotactics, are quite restricted. The syllable structure is different whether in initial or medial position, and it has a great impact on the lexical stress.
 
Initial syllables does not require an onset of any kind, but does require a coda consisting of at least one consonant. Medial or final syllables, dubbed ''General'', may however only have codae consisting of one consonant and one nasal, or two successive nasal stops.
 
Attian possesses a [[Attian#Stress|moraic stress system]] which similarly to [[w:Latin|Latin]] follows a ''dreimorengesetz'', three-morae-rule, which in this case dictates that the third mora is always stressed. Since onsets are moraic in Attian, the initial syllable accounts for three morae quite often. Thus, the stress is always on the first or second syllable.
 
 
{|class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=text-align:center
! colspan="5"|Initial Syllable Structure
|-
|('''C''')
|('''C''')
|'''V'''
|'''C'''
|('''C''')
|-
! colspan="5"|General
|-
|('''C''')
|'''V'''
| colspan="2" |('''C''')/('''N''')
|('''N''')
|}
 
 
This construction gives a language quite restricted in the number of onsets possible, in comparison to for example [[w:English language|English]] [[w:English language#Phonotactics|phonotactics]] and [[w:English language#Phonology|phonology]]. In addition to this, only some of the possible clusters are actually present as onsets in the language. One should remember however, that all diphthongs belong to the vowel category. They increase the weight, but can still be in both coda and nucleus.
 
The coda consonant may be any consonant but ⟨j⟩ - final ⟨j⟩ simply does not occur. All roots inherited from Proto-Attamian lost the ⟨j⟩ in coda position.
 
Since the language is a rather fusional one, speakers should be wary of agglutinating morphemes. Should an affix be agglutinated to a stem, the affix normally loses its epenthic vowel. This occurs if a diaresis arises, or if the affix' consonant(s) is in compliance with the phonotactics.
 
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