IPA for Ufhewat Knrawi: Difference between revisions
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The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Ufhewat [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]]. | The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents Ufhewat [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]]. | ||
This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Ufhewat Island | This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Ufhewat Island. For other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA keys|Knrawi IPA keys]]. | ||
{{IPA keys}} | {{IPA keys}} | ||
{| style="background: none" | {| style="background: none" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 137: | Line 133: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|vˀ}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|vˀ}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|wvg|'''wv'''g}} | ||
| | |to reach | ||
|ha'''v'''e | |ha'''v'''e | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 208: | Line 204: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|e̞}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|e̞}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|isji|isj'''i'''}} | ||
| | |big | ||
|b'''e'''d | |b'''e'''d | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|e̞ː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|e̞ː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|ciarcá|c'''ia'''rcá}} | ||
| | |cobalt | ||
|f'''a'''ce | |f'''a'''ce | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 233: | Line 229: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|iː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|iarti|'''ia'''rti}} | ||
| | |salt | ||
|b'''ee'''t | |b'''ee'''t | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ø̞}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ø̞}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|tiqíj|t'''i'''qíj}} | ||
| | |to dry up | ||
|k'''ö'''nnen ([[w:German language|German]]) | |k'''ö'''nnen ([[w:German language|German]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ø̞ː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ø̞ː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|jaqia|jaq'''ia'''}} | ||
| | |wild cannabis | ||
|Sch'''ö'''n ([[w:German language|German]]) | |Sch'''ö'''n ([[w:German language|German]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|uː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|pùa|p'''ùa'''}} | ||
| | |liver | ||
|b'''oo'''t | |b'''oo'''t | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|y}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|y}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|wi|w'''i'''}} | ||
| | |child | ||
|'''ü'''ppig ([[w:German language|German]]) | |'''ü'''ppig ([[w:German language|German]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|yː}}</big> | |align="center" |<big>{{IPA|yː}}</big> | ||
|{{term| | |{{term|qhia|qh'''ia'''}} | ||
| | |day | ||
|'''ü'''ber ([[w:German language|German]]) | |'''ü'''ber ([[w:German language|German]]) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]] | ! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]] | ||
| Line 310: | Line 302: | ||
*sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and sonorants (and vice versa) are realized as glottalized sonorants. | *sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and sonorants (and vice versa) are realized as glottalized sonorants. | ||
**Non-syllabic and then following sonorants take priority. | **Non-syllabic and then following sonorants take priority. | ||
***Sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and a syllabic sonorant (and vice versa) with no adjacent sonorant or vowel are realized as [əCˀ]. | |||
*/ɹ/ is realized as [r]. | */ɹ/ is realized as [r]. | ||
**Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]). | **Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]). | ||
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*/ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u]. | */ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u]. | ||
**Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [e̞,o̞]. | **Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [e̞,o̞]. | ||
**/ɪɪ,ʊʊ/ are realized as [e̞j,o̞w]. | |||
*[i,e̞,a] are realized as [y,ø̞,ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants (except [w], but including deleted underlying /ʍ/). | *[i,e̞,a] are realized as [y,ø̞,ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants (except [w], but including deleted underlying /ʍ/). | ||
*Unstressed /a/ and [ə] are realized as | *Unstressed /a/ and [ə] are realized as | ||
**[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. | **[o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants. | ||
**[ə] if not [o̞]. | **[ə] if not [o̞]. | ||
*Sequences of unstressed [e̞,ø̞,ə,o̞] and /a/ (stressed or unstressed) are realized as [e̞ː,ø̞ː,əː,o̞ː] respectively. | |||
*Sequences of unstressed [e̞,ø̞,ə,o̞] and | *[ʔ̞] is realized as [ː]. | ||
**[e̞ːʔ̞,ø̞ːʔ̞,əːʔ̞,o̞ːʔ̞] are realized as [e̞ː,ø̞ː,əː,o̞ː]. | |||
*/˧˩/ is distinct from /˥˩/ [˥˧]. | */˧˩/ is distinct from /˥˩/ [˥˧]. | ||
[[Category:Knrawi IPA | [[Category:Knrawi IPA keys|u]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:00, 6 March 2024
The charts below show the way in which the IPA represents Ufhewat Knrawi pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see Help:IPA.
This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken on Ufhewat Island. For other varieties see Knrawi IPA keys.
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Differences from standard Knrawi
- /n/ and /ŋ/ do not assimilate.
- /θ,θʰ/ are realized as [s,sʰ].
- Labialized /θ,θʰ/ are realized as [f,h].
- /k̟,k̟ʰ,x̟,x̟ʰ/ are realized as [kʲ,kʲʰ,xʲ,xʲʰ].
- /k̠,k̠ʰ/ are realized as [k,kʰ].
- /x̠,ʍ,h/ are realized as [x,xʷ,ʔ].
- sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and sonorants (and vice versa) are realized as glottalized sonorants.
- Non-syllabic and then following sonorants take priority.
- Sequences of /x̠,ʍ,h/ and a syllabic sonorant (and vice versa) with no adjacent sonorant or vowel are realized as [əCˀ].
- Non-syllabic and then following sonorants take priority.
- /ɹ/ is realized as [r].
- Labialized /ɹ/ is realized as [v] (which doesn't merge with [w]).
- /ɉ/ is realized as [ɰ].
- /ˣ/ is realized as [ʰ].
- /θˣ,x̟ˣ/ (including labialized /θˣ/) are realized as [x].
- Fortition does not occur.
- Two-sonorant clusters syllabify the first sonorant.
- Syllabic consonants are desyllabified adjacent to vowels (including nonsyllabic vowels).
- Syllabic [m,β] and other syllabic consonants are realized as [o̞] and [ə] respectively.
- /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [i,u].
- Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [e̞,o̞].
- /ɪɪ,ʊʊ/ are realized as [e̞j,o̞w].
- [i,e̞,a] are realized as [y,ø̞,ɒ] adjacent to labiovelar consonants (except [w], but including deleted underlying /ʍ/).
- Unstressed /a/ and [ə] are realized as
- [o̞] adjacent to labiovelar consonants.
- [ə] if not [o̞].
- Sequences of unstressed [e̞,ø̞,ə,o̞] and /a/ (stressed or unstressed) are realized as [e̞ː,ø̞ː,əː,o̞ː] respectively.
- [ʔ̞] is realized as [ː].
- [e̞ːʔ̞,ø̞ːʔ̞,əːʔ̞,o̞ːʔ̞] are realized as [e̞ː,ø̞ː,əː,o̞ː].
- /˧˩/ is distinct from /˥˩/ [˥˧].