IPA for urban Anajrn Knrawi: Difference between revisions

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The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents standard [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].
The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] represents urban Anajrn [[Knrawi]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].


This page is only for the variety Knrawi spoken in the cities of Yuvquat and Margquat, for other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA guides|Knrawi IPA guides]].
This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken in the cities of Yuvquat and Margquat and surrounding areas. For other varieties see [[:Category:Knrawi IPA keys|Knrawi IPA keys]].


{{IPA keys}}
{{IPA keys}}
{| style="background: none"
|-
| valign="top" |
{| style="background: none"
{| style="background: none"
|-
|-
Line 20: Line 16:
|corner
|corner
|aga'''v'''e ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|aga'''v'''e ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ð}}</big>
|{{term|tjer|tje'''r'''}}
|soft
|'''th'''ey
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɸ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɸ}}</big>
Line 37: Line 28:
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɸˣ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɸˣ}}</big>
|{{term|fjmm|'''fj'''mm}}
|{{term|fjuuahá|'''fj'''uuahá}}
|to hold
|to cannibalize
|あい'''ふ'''く ([[w:Japanese language|Japanese]])
|あい'''ふ'''く ([[w:Japanese language|Japanese]])
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|h}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|h}}</big>
|{{term|ceh|ce'''h'''}}
|{{term|jua|'''j'''ua}}
|many
|all
|'''h'''ave
|'''h'''ave
|-
|-
Line 111: Line 102:
|a'''n'''them
|a'''n'''them
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|n̠}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|n̺}}</big>
|{{term|cjni|cj'''n'''i}}
|{{term|cjni|cj'''n'''i}}
|to stand
|to stand
Line 127: Line 118:
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̠}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̠}}</big>
|{{term|jgr|j'''g'''r}}
|{{term|sgku|s'''g'''ku}}
|heart
|pole
|so'''ng'''
|so'''ng'''
|-
|-
Line 147: Line 138:
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|pˣ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|pˣ}}</big>
|{{term|guvpje|guv'''pj'''e}}
|{{term|guvpj|guv'''pj'''}}
|posture
|posture
|'''p'''in
|'''p'''in
Line 156: Line 147:
|'''r'''ight
|'''r'''ight
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʃˣ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɹ̺}}</big>
|{{term|srik|s'''r'''ik}}
|swamp
|'''r'''ight
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s̺}}</big>
|{{term|asi|a'''s'''i}}
|shark
|'''s'''ee
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s̺ʰ}}</big>
|{{term|shera|'''sh'''era}}
|thunder
|'''s'''ee
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|s̺ˣ}}</big>
|{{term|sjari|'''sj'''ari}}
|{{term|sjari|'''sj'''ari}}
|city
|city
|'''sh'''in
|'''s'''ee
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|t}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|t}}</big>
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|'''t'''art
|'''t'''art
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|t͡ʃˣ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|t͡s̺ˣ}}</big>
|{{term|cji|'''cj'''i}}
|{{term|cji|'''cj'''i}}
|black
|black
Line 201: Line 207:
|'''w'''ing
|'''w'''ing
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʍ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|z̺}}</big>
|{{term|wmaa|'''w'''maa}}
|time
|'''wh'''ite
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|x̟}}</big>
|{{term|asi|a'''s'''i}}
|shark
|'''h'''e
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|x̟ʰ}}</big>
|{{term|shera|'''sh'''era}}
|thunder
|'''h'''e
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʒ}}</big>
|{{term|yau|'''y'''au}}
|{{term|yau|'''y'''au}}
|bird
|bird
|trea'''s'''ure
|'''z'''oo
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʔ̞}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʔ̞}}</big>
Line 232: Line 223:
! colspan="4"| [[w:Vowel|Vowels]]
! colspan="4"| [[w:Vowel|Vowels]]
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|a}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ä}}</big>
|{{term|agu|'''a'''gu}}
|{{term|agu|'''a'''gu}}
|face
|face
|f'''a'''ther
|f'''a'''ther
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|æ}}</big>
|{{term|aà|'''a'''à}}
|to speak
|f'''a'''ct
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɒ}}</big>
|{{term|nauv|n'''a'''uv}}
|different
|b'''o'''t
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ə}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ə}}</big>
Line 242: Line 243:
|'''a'''bout
|'''a'''bout
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɛ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|e̞}}</big>
|{{term|isji|isj'''i'''}}
|{{term|isji|isj'''i'''}}
|big
|big
Line 252: Line 253:
|b'''i'''d
|b'''i'''d
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɔ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|o̞}}</big>
|{{term|zjeyu|zjey'''u'''}}
|{{term|zjeyu|zjey'''u'''}}
|shore
|shore
|b'''o'''t
|b'''oa'''t
|-
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʊ}}</big>
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʊ}}</big>
Line 261: Line 262:
|angry
|angry
|b'''oo'''k
|b'''oo'''k
|}
| valign="top" |
{| class="IPA wikitable"
![[w:Wikipedia:IPA|IPA]] !! Example !! Translation !! (near) equivalent
|-
! colspan="4"| [[w:Syllabic consonant|Syllabic consonants]]
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|β̍}}</big>
|{{term|nauv|nau'''v'''}}
|different
|aga'''v'''e ([[w:Spanish language|Spanish]])
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ð̩}}</big>
|{{term|tr|t'''r'''}}
|to stop
|'''th'''ey
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|m̩}}</big>
|{{term|msh|'''m'''sh}}
|dry
|'''m'''an
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|n̩}}</big>
|{{term|jrn|jr'''n'''}}
|land
|'''n'''ot
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|n̪̍}}</big>
|{{term|zizhn|zizh'''n'''}}
|rural
|a'''n'''them
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|n̠̍}}</big>
|{{term|nchahí|'''n'''chahí}}
|far away
|ra'''n'''ch
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̍}}</big>
|{{term|tgzh|t'''g'''zh}}
|night
|sa'''ng'''
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̟̍}}</big>
|{{term|hyg|hy'''g'''}}
|cold
|si'''ng'''
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̠̍}}</big>
|{{term|gj|'''g'''j}}
|gold
|so'''ng'''
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ŋ̍ʷ}}</big>
|{{term|hiwǵ|hiw'''ǵ'''}}
|to drive
|pe'''ngu'''in
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ɹ̩}}</big>
|{{term|muayr̀kej|muay'''r̀'''kej}}
|to legalize
|'''r'''ight
|-
|align="center" |<big>{{IPA|ʒ̍}}</big>
|{{term|ytjau|'''y'''tjau}}
|to owe
|trea'''s'''ure
|}
| valign="top" |
{| class="IPA wikitable"
![[w:Wikipedia:IPA|IPA]] !! Example !! Translation
|-
|-
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]]
! colspan="4"| [[w:Tone (linguistics)|Tones]]
Line 345: Line 276:
|{{term|shû|sh'''û'''}}
|{{term|shû|sh'''û'''}}
|east
|east
|}
|}
|}
|}
|}


==Differences from standard Knrawi==
==Differences from standard Knrawi==
*/x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ/ are realized as [s̠,s̠ʰ,s̠ˣ].
*⫽k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ⫽ are realized as [t͡s̠ˣ,s̠,s̠ʰ,s̠ˣ].
*/x̠,ʍ,h/ are realized as [h,hʷ,∅].
**⫽n⫽ and ⫽ɹ⫽ assimilate as [ɹ̠] and [n̠].
*⫽x̠,ʍ,h⫽ are realized as [h,w,∅].
**Other allophony acts as if ⫽ʍ,h⫽ is still present.
*Approximants are fortified on word boundaries.
*Approximants are fortified on word boundaries.
**/ɹ/ does not fortify.
**⫽ɹ⫽ does not fortify.
***Labialized /ɹ/ is always realized as [β].
***Labialized ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [β] (which does not merge with [w]).
**Fortified /ɉ/ is realized as [z̠].
**Fortified ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [z̠].
*Two-sonorant clusters syllabify the first sonorant.
*Two-sonorant clusters syllabify the first sonorant.
*Syllabic consonants are desyllabified adjacent to vowels (including nonsyllabic vowels) or other sonorants adjacent to vowels.
**Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
**Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
***Syllabic /ɉ/ is realized as [əɉ] unless fortified.
***Syllabic ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [əɉ] unless fortified.
*Unstressed /ɪ,ʊ/ are realized as [e̞,o̞].
*Unstressed ⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ are realized as [e̞,o̞].
*Unstressed /a/ are realized as [æ,ɒ].
*⫽a⫽ is realized as [ä].
**Unstressed ⫽a⫽ is realized as
***[ɒ] adjacent to labial and dorsal consonants.
***[æ] if not [ɒ].


[[Category:Knrawi IPA guides]]
[[Category:Knrawi IPA keys|a]]

Latest revision as of 20:10, 14 February 2025

The charts below show the way in which the IPA represents urban Anajrn Knrawi pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see Help:IPA.

This page is only for the variety of Knrawi spoken in the cities of Yuvquat and Margquat and surrounding areas. For other varieties see Knrawi IPA keys.

IPA Keys
Aelatha
Attian
Avendonian
Ayeri
Azimasi
Bemé
Biscayan
Brittainese
Central Isles Creole
Cet
Cha
Cruckeny
Enventian
Etlish
Etzeá
Evonish
Favlona
Guimin
Gwaxol
Hantza
Hemaluan
High Valyrian
Hraayan
Iaskyon
Izhkut
Jukpë
Kaikiwan
Keeltyewarem
Kihā́mmic
Kilīmos-sāîl
Knrawi
Kunarek
Ludovian
Luthic
Logun
Lôppic
Maryan Coptic
Messinese
Mihousapeja
Millennish
Moshurian
Modern Coptic
Nawuhu
Old Yaraji
Oltic
Owaex
Pokht
Pomorian
Ponish
Qafesona
Qut
Rangyayo
Rulhilli
Sinatolean
Soc'ul'
Sokya
Sudyrnish
Umbrean
Vairish
IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent
Consonants
β vuin corner agave (Spanish)
ɸ huf small あいふく (Japanese)
ɸʰ ufh middle あいふく (Japanese)
ɸˣ fjuuahá to cannibalize あいふく (Japanese)
h jua all have
j shaia house yet
ɉ aythá jasper seguir (Spanish)
k̟ tjic to cook ski
k̟ʰ chuh raw key
k̠ hyk sugarcane scout
k̠ʰ nkh far cow
k̠ˣ kja sand cow
kʷ guq small island square
kʷʰ uqh snake queen
kʷˣ yqj to grow queen
m iim because man
n jna star not
n̪ zjna away anthem
n̺ cjni to stand ranch
ŋ thga wind sang
ŋ̟ chgag to hear sing
ŋ̠ sgku pole song
ŋʷ uwga animal penguin
p puskj yam spin
pʰ cuph snake burrow pin
pˣ guvpj posture pin
ɹ marg south right
ɹ̺ srik swamp right
s̺ asi shark see
s̺ʰ shera thunder see
s̺ˣ sjari city see
t riti eye start
tʰ nth water tart
tˣ tjay sick tart
t͡s̺ˣ cji black chart
θ cniztí to try thing
θʰ zherg cloud thing
θˣ zjnr to eat thing
w rtiu where wing
z̺ yau bird zoo
ʔ̞ ua fish uh-oh
IPA Example Translation (near) equivalent
Vowels
ä agu face father
æ aà to speak fact
ɒ nauv different bot
ə sheya large island about
e̞ isji big bed
ɪ it head bid
o̞ zjeyu shore boat
ʊ cuy angry book
Tones
˥ ik to see
˩ ìy to break
˥˩ shû east

Differences from standard Knrawi

  • ⫽k̟ˣ,x̟,x̟ʰ,x̟ˣ⫽ are realized as [t͡s̠ˣ,s̠,s̠ʰ,s̠ˣ].
    • ⫽n⫽ and ⫽ɹ⫽ assimilate as [ɹ̠] and [n̠].
  • ⫽x̠,ʍ,h⫽ are realized as [h,w,∅].
    • Other allophony acts as if ⫽ʍ,h⫽ is still present.
  • Approximants are fortified on word boundaries.
    • ⫽ɹ⫽ does not fortify.
      • Labialized ⫽ɹ⫽ is realized as [β] (which does not merge with [w]).
    • Fortified ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [z̠].
  • Two-sonorant clusters syllabify the first sonorant.
  • Syllabic consonants are desyllabified adjacent to vowels (including nonsyllabic vowels) or other sonorants adjacent to vowels.
    • Syllabic consonants are realized as [əC].
      • Syllabic ⫽ɉ⫽ is realized as [əɉ] unless fortified.
  • Unstressed ⫽ɪ,ʊ⫽ are realized as [e̞,o̞].
  • ⫽a⫽ is realized as [ä].
    • Unstressed ⫽a⫽ is realized as
      • [ɒ] adjacent to labial and dorsal consonants.
      • [æ] if not [ɒ].
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