Template:Inflection of

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The following documentation is located at Template:Inflection of/doc. ^[edit]

Useful links: subpage list • links • redirects • transclusions • errors (parser/module) • sandbox

Parameters

|1= (required)

The language code of the lemma, of which this is an inflection. See Wiktionary:List of languages. The parameter |lang= is a deprecated synonym; please do not use. If this is used, all numbered parameters move down by one.

|2= (required)

The lemma form of the term of which this is an inflection. This is used to create a link.

|3= or |alt=

The alternative display form of the lemma. This works like the third parameter of {{l}} and {{m}}.

|4= (required), |5= ... etc.

One or more grammar tags to show. These give the definition by describing the relevant grammatical properties of this inflected form. A grammar tag can potentially be any text, but certain tags such as nominative, feminine, first-person or subjunctive that are recognized internally will automatically be linked to the appropriate entry in Appendix:Glossary (or in some cases, to the relevant Wiktionary or Wikipedia entry). As an example, nominative is displayed as nominative, with an appropriate link. Certain tags are recognised as shortcuts and are equivalent to spelling out the tag. For example, 1 is equivalent to first-person; both will be displayed as first-person. Similarly, f is equivalent to feminine, and nom is equivalent to nominative. The full, up-to-date list of recognized tags and their shortcuts and display forms is specified below.

Multiple tags are normally separated by spaces, so that e.g. nom|f|s will be displayed as nominative feminine singular. However, when punctuation characters are used as tags, they will be displayed appropriately for that punctuation character. For example, nom|,|with|3|s|object will display as nominative, with third-person singular object (i.e. without a space preceding the comma). Among the punctuation characters recognized and handled correctly are comma, colon, parens, brackets, slash, and hyphen. The full list can be found below.

It is also possible to put // separators between one or more tags or shortcuts to create a list separated by slashes. For example, writing nom//acc will expand to nominative/accusative, and writing nom//acc//voc//dat will expand to nominative/accusative/vocative/dative

The inflection tag ; is recognized specially and is used to separate two inflections of the same word. Sets of tags separated by a semicolon tag will be displayed on separate lines. See examples below.

|t=

A gloss or short translation of the word. The parameter |gloss= is a deprecated synonym; please do not use.

|tr=

Transliteration for non-Latin-script words, if different from the automatically-generated one.

|ts=

Transcription for non-Latin-script words whose transliteration is markedly different from the actual pronunciation. Should not be used for IPA pronunciations.

|p= or |POS=

Part-of-speech tag or abbreviation (see below). Currently used only for categorization, which depends on the particular inflection tags and the language in question. Note that there are related templates {{noun form of}}, {{verb form of}} and {{adj form of}}, which are exactly like {{inflection of}} but automatically set (respectively) the |p=n, |p=v and |p=a parameters.

|id=

A sense id for the term, which links to anchors on the page set by the {{senseid}} template.

|sc=

Script code to use, if script detection does not work.

Grammar tags

The following grammar tags are available for shortcut use in entering descriptions as per Module:form of/data (more common tags) and Module:form of/data2 (less common tags):

Canonical tag	Shortcut(s)	Display form
Person (more common)
first-person	1	first-person
impersonal	impers	impersonal
second-person	2	second-person
third-person	3	third-person
Person (less common)
second-person-object form	2o	second-person-object form
Number (more common)
dual	d, du	dual
multiple-possession	mpos	multiple-possession
plural	p, pl	plural
single-possession	spos	single-possession
singular	s, sg	singular
Number (less common)
collective	col	collective
distributive paucal	dpau	distributive paucal
paucal	pau	paucal
singulative	sgl	singulative
trial	tri	trial
Gender (more common)
aquatic	aq	aquatic
common	c	common
feminine	f	feminine
lunar	lun	lunar
masculine	m	masculine
natural masculine	natm	natural masculine
neuter	n	neuter
nonvirile	nv	nonvirile
solar	sol	solar
terrestrial	terr	terrestrial
Gender (less common)
natural feminine	natf	natural feminine
virile	vr	virile
Animacy (more common)
animate	an	animate
inanimate	in, inan	inanimate
personal	pr, pers	personal
Tense/aspect (more common)
aorist	aor, aori	aorist
future	fut, futr	future
imperfect	impf, imperf	imperfect
imperfective	impfv, imperfv	imperfective
non-past	npast	non-past
past		past
past historic	phis	past historic
perfect	perf	perfect
perfective	pfv, perfv	perfective
pluperfect	plup, pluperf	pluperfect
present	pres	present
preterite	pret	preterite
progressive	prog	progressive
Tense/aspect (less common)
anterior	ant	anterior
complete	compl	complete
consecutive		consecutive
contemplative	contem	contemplative
continuous	cont	continuous
frequentative	freq	frequentative
gnomic		gnomic
habitual	hab	habitual
iterative	iter	iterative
posterior	post	posterior
prospective	pros	prospective
recently complete	rcompl	recently complete
semelfactive	semf	semelfactive
situational		situational
Mood (more common)
conditional	cond	conditional
imperative	imp, impr, impv	imperative
indicative	ind, indc, indic	indicative
jussive	juss	jussive
optative	opta, opt	optative
subjunctive	sub, subj	subjunctive
Mood (less common)
cohortative	coho, cohort	cohortative
desiderative	des, desid	desiderative
energetic	ener	energetic
inferential	infer, infr	inferential
intensive	inten	intensive
potential	potn	potential
quotative	quot	quotative
renarrative	renarr	renarrative
volitive	voli	volitive
Voice/valence (more common)
active	act, actv	active
causative	caus	causative
ditransitive	ditr	ditransitive
intransitive	intr, vi	intransitive
mediopassive	mp, mpass, mpasv, mpsv	mediopassive
middle	mid, midl	middle
passive	pass, pasv	passive
reflexive	refl	reflexive
transitive	tr, vt	transitive
Voice/valence (less common)
antipassive	apass, apasv, apsv	antipassive
applicative	appl	applicative
autonomous	auton	autonomous
reciprocal	recp, recip	reciprocal
Non-finite (more common)
gerund	ger	gerund
infinitive	inf	infinitive
participle	part, ptcp	participle
personal infinitive	pinf	personal infinitive
possessive	poss	possessive
supine	sup	supine
transgressive		transgressive
verbal noun	vnoun	verbal noun
Non-finite (less common)
būdinys	budinys	būdinys
conjunctive	conj	conjunctive
connegative	conn, conneg	connegative
converb		converb
debitive	deb	debitive
gerundive	gerv	gerundive
l-participle	l-ptcp, lptcp	l-participle
padalyvis		padalyvis
participle of necessity	partnec	participle of necessity
pusdalyvis		pusdalyvis
verbal of necessity	verbnec	verbal of necessity
Case (more common)
ablative	abl	ablative
accusative	acc	accusative
agentive	ag	agentive
dative	dat	dative
genitive	gen	genitive
instrumental	ins	instrumental
locative	loc	locative
nominative	nom	nominative
patientive	pat	patientive
prepositional	pre, prep	prepositional
vocative	voc	vocative
Case (less common)
abessive	abe	abessive
absolutive	absv	absolutive
adessive	ade	adessive
adverbial case	advc	adverbial
allative	all	allative
associative	ass, assoc	associative
benefactive	ben, bene	benefactive
causal	cauc, causc	causal
causal-final	cfi, cfin	causal-final
comitative	com	comitative
comparative case	comc	comparative
delative	del	delative
direct	dir	direct
distributive	dis, dist, distr	distributive
elative	ela	elative
ergative	erg	ergative
essive	ess	essive
essive-formal	esf, efor	essive-formal
essive-modal	esm, emod	essive-modal
illative	ill	illative
indirect	indir	indirect
inessive	ine	inessive
instructive	ist	instructive
limitative	lim	limitative
locative-qualitative	lqu, lqua	locative-qualitative
objective	objv	objective
oblique	obl	oblique
partitive	ptv, par	partitive
prolative	pro, prol	prolative
sociative	soc	sociative
subjective	subjv, sbjv	subjective
sublative	sbl, subl	sublative
superessive	spe, supe	superessive
temporal	tem, temp	temporal
terminative	ter, term	terminative
translative	tra, tran	translative
State (more common)
attributive	attr	attributive
construct	cons, construct state	construct state
definite	def, defn, definite state	definite
indefinite	indef, indf, indefinite state	indefinite
mixed	mix	mixed
predicative	pred	predicative
strong	str	strong
weak	wk	weak
Degrees of comparison (more common)
comparative degree	comd, comparative	comparative degree
positive degree	posd, positive	positive degree
superlative degree	supd, superlative	superlative degree
Degrees of comparison (less common)
absolute superlative degree	asupd, absolute superlative	absolute superlative degree
elative degree	elad	elative degree
equative degree	equd, equative	equative degree
excessive degree	excd	excessive degree
relative superlative degree	rsupd, relative superlative	relative superlative degree
Register (less common)
archaic	arch	archaic
colloquial	colloq	colloquial
contemporary	conty	contemporary
dated		dated
emphatic	emph	emphatic
familiar	fam	familiar
formal		formal
informal	inform	informal
intimate	intim	intimate
literary	lit	literary
obsolete	obs	obsolete
polite	pol	polite
slang		slang
Deixis (less common)
distal	dstl	distal
medial	medl	medial
proximal	prox, prxl	proximal
Clusivity (less common)
exclusive	excl	exclusive
inclusive	incl	inclusive
obviative	obv	obviative
Inflectional class (more common)
pronominal	pron	pronominal
Attitude (more common)
augmentative	aug	augmentative
diminutive	dim	diminutive
pejorative	pej	pejorative
Attitude (less common)
endearing	end	endearing
Sound changes (more common)
contracted		contracted
Misc grammar (more common)
adjectival	adj	adjectival
adverbial	adv	adverbial
dependent	dep	dependent
form		form
independent	indep	independent
long		long
negative	neg	negative
nominalization	nomzn	nominalization
nominalized	nomz	nominalized
root		root
short		short
simple	sim	simple
stem		stem
Misc grammar (less common)
absolute	abs	absolute
affirmative	aff	affirmative
affix	af	affix
affixal	afl	affixal
analytic	anal, analytical	analytic
aspect	asp	aspect
augmented		augmented
circumfix	circ, cirf, circf	circumfix
circumfixal	circl, cirfl, circfl	circumfixal
conjunct	conjt	conjunct
deuterotonic	deut	deuterotonic
infix	infx	infix
infixal	infxl	infixal
ji-ma class object inflected	ji-ma_obj	ji-ma class object inflected
ji-ma class relative object inflected	ji-ma_rel	ji-ma class relative object inflected
ji-ma class subject inflected	ji-ma	ji-ma class subject inflected
ki-vi class object inflected	ki-vi_obj	ki-vi class object inflected
ki-vi class relative object inflected	ki-vi_rel	ki-vi class relative object inflected
ki-vi class subject inflected	ki-vi	ki-vi class subject inflected
ku class object inflected	ku_obj	ku class object inflected
ku class relative object inflected	ku_rel	ku class relative object inflected
ku class subject inflected	ku	ku class subject inflected
ku locative class object inflected	ku-loc_obj	ku locative class object inflected
ku locative class relative object inflected	ku-loc_rel	ku locative class relative object inflected
ku locative class subject inflected	ku-loc	ku locative class subject inflected
m-mi class object inflected	m-mi_obj	m-mi class object inflected
m-mi class relative object inflected	m-mi_rel	m-mi class relative object inflected
m-mi class subject inflected	m-mi	m-mi class subject inflected
m-wa class object inflected	m-wa_obj	m-wa class object inflected
m-wa class relative object inflected	m-wa_rel	m-wa class relative object inflected
m-wa class subject inflected	m-wa	m-wa class subject inflected
mu locative class object inflected	mu_obj	mu locative class object inflected
mu locative class relative object inflected	mu_rel	mu locative class relative object inflected
mu locative class subject inflected	mu	mu locative class subject inflected
n class object inflected	n-n_obj	n class object inflected
n class relative object inflected	n-n_rel	n class relative object inflected
n class subject inflected	n-n	n class subject inflected
non-possessed	npossd, npossed, nonpossessed	non-possessed
nonfinite	nonfin	nonfinite
object	obj	object
pa locative class object inflected	pa_obj	pa locative class object inflected
pa locative class relative object inflected	pa_rel	pa locative class relative object inflected
pa locative class subject inflected	pa	pa locative class subject inflected
periphrastic	peri	periphrastic
possessed	possd, possed	possessed
possessive affix	posaf, possaf	possessive affix
possessive prefix	pospref, posspref	possessive prefix
possessive suffix	possuf	possessive suffix
prefix	pref	prefix
prefixal	prefl	prefixal
prototonic	prot	prototonic
relative	rel	relative
subject	sbj	subject
suffix	suf, suff	suffix
suffixal	sufl, suffl	suffixal
synthetic	synth	synthetic
tense		tense
tenseless		tenseless
u class object inflected	u-n_obj, u-u_obj	u class object inflected
u class relative object inflected	u-n_rel, u-u_rel	u class relative object inflected
u class subject inflected	u-n, u-u	u class subject inflected
unaugmented		unaugmented
Other tags (more common)
(		(
)		)
,		,
-		-
/		/
:		:
[		[
]		]
and		and
Other tags (less common)
–		–
—		—
Multitag shortcuts (more common)
	12	first-person second-person
	123	first-person second-person third-person
	13	first-person third-person
	23	second-person third-person
	fn	feminine neuter
	ls	lunar solar
	mf	masculine feminine
	mfn	masculine feminine neuter
	mn	masculine neuter
	pp	plural paucal
	sc	singular collective
	ta	terrestrial aquatic
List shortcuts (more common)
	1d	first-person/dual
	1p	first-person/plural
	1s	first-person/singular
	2d	second-person/dual
	2p	second-person/plural
	2s	second-person/singular
	3d	third-person/dual
	3p	third-person/plural
	3s	third-person/singular
	simple past	simple/past
	simple present	simple/present
	spast	simple/past
	spres	simple/present

Other items (such as "atelic") may be used as needed, but should be spelled out in full (see examples).

Examples

Example 1

On the page for the Spanish non-lemma form Spanish aman:

# {{inflection of|es|amar||3|p|pres|act|ind}}

gives

1. third-person plural present active indicative of amar

Example 2

On the page for the Russian non-lemma form пути́:

# {{inflection of|ru|путь||gen//dat//pre|s|;|nom//acc|p}}

gives

1. inflection of путь (putʹ):
   1. genitive/dative/prepositional singular
   2. nominative/accusative plural

Note here how the // separator separates tags when multiple tags apply, and ; separates inflections. When ; is used, the display format changes to a multi-line format, as shown. Furthermore, since the lemma is in a non-Latin script in a language with automatic transliteration, that transliteration is automatically shown.

Example 3

On the page for the Japanese non-lemma form 飛び移らず:

# {{inflection of|ja|飛び移る||neg|continuative|tr=tobiutsuru}}

gives

1. negative continuative of 飛び移る (tobiutsuru)

Note here how an unrecognized tag continuative is used. Such tags need to be spelled out in full, and won't be linked to anything. Furthermore, in this case, although Japanese uses a non-Latin script, no automatic transliteration is available, so the transliteration needs to be manually supplied if desired.

Part-of-speech tags

The following part-of-speech tags are available for use as the |p= or |POS= parameter. Note that either the full (canonical) form or any of the short forms can be used and are equivalent.

Canonical part of speech	Shortcut(s)
adjective	a, adj
adverb	adv
article	art
cardinal numeral	cnum
conjunction	conj
determiner	det
interjection	int, intj
intransitive verb	vi
noun	n
numeral	num
ordinal numeral	onum
participle	part
particle	pcl
postposition	postp
preposition	pre, prep
pronoun	pro, pron
proper noun	pn, proper
transitive and intransitive verb	vti
transitive verb	vt
verb	v, vb

Categorization

Some languages will add the non-lemma form to a category, depending on the particular tags and on the presence/absence of the |p=/|POS= parameter (the absence of this parameter disables most but not all categorization; in particular, categorization for participles may work in the absence of a part-of-speech parameter). The exact conditions under which this happens are described in Module:form of/cats, but the following is a list of all language-specific categories that may be added:

Bulgarian
adjective masculine forms
adjective feminine forms
adjective neuter forms
adjective plural forms
adjective vocative forms
adjective definite forms
adjective indefinite forms
noun indefinite forms
noun definite forms
noun vocative forms
noun count forms
noun plural forms
noun plural forms
adverbial participles
present active participles
past passive participles
past active aorist participles
past active imperfect participles
Breton
noun plural forms
Catalan
adjective feminine forms
adjective plural forms
participle forms
present participles
past participles
Modern Gallaecian
nasal-mutation forms
soft-mutation forms
German
present participles
past participles
Greek
dative forms
verb past tense forms
verb nonfinite forms
Middle English
first-person singular forms
second-person singular forms
third-person singular forms
first/third-person singular past forms
second-person singular past forms
plural forms
plural subjunctive forms
plural past forms
singular subjunctive forms
singular past subjunctive forms
singular imperative forms
plural imperative forms
present participles
past participles
Spanish
adjective feminine forms
adjective plural forms
Estonian
participles
Gothic
present participles
past participles
Hungarian
past participles
present participles
future participles
adverbial participles
verbal participles
Italian
adjective feminine forms
adjective plural forms
Japanese
past tense verb forms
conjunctive verb forms
Northern Kurdish
present participles
past participles
Livonian
verb forms (present indicative)
verb forms (past indicative)
verb forms (imperative negative)
verb forms (imperative)
verb forms (negative)
verb forms (conditional)
verb forms (jussive)
verb forms (quotative)
present active participles
present passive participles
past active participles
past passive participles
gerunds
supine abessives
supines
debitives
Lithuanian
būdinys participles
padalyvis participles
pusdalyvis participles
dalyvis participles
pronominal dalyvis participle forms
dalyvis participle forms
comparative pronominal adjective forms
superlative pronominal adjective forms
comparative adjective forms
superlative adjective forms
Latvian
negative verb forms
definite comparative participles
comparative participles
definite comparative adjectives
comparative adjectives
superlative participles
superlative adjectives
Portuguese
adjective feminine forms
adjective plural forms
noun feminine forms
noun plural forms
noun augmentative forms
noun diminutive forms
Russian
participles
verb forms
present active participles
present passive participles
present adverbial participles
past active participles
past passive participles
past adverbial participles
Sanskrit
desiderative verbs
verbs derived from primitive verbs
frequentative verbs
verbs derived from primitive verbs
root forms
Scots
verb simple past forms
third-person singular forms
Swedish
past participles
Ukrainian
participles
verb forms
present active participles
present passive participles
present adverbial participles
past active participles
past passive participles
past adverbial participles