Classical Talothic: Difference between revisions

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==Verbs==
== Verbs ==
===Conjugation===
Talothic verbs have lexical aspect, meaning that verbs are inherently marked with either the [[w:Imperfective aspect|imperfective]] or [[w:Perfective aspect|perfective]] aspects.
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:autmargin:auto;"
|+caption | Example conjugation of a perfective verb<br>''keíduka/cídhyka'' ('to cut')
|-
! rowspan="10" | Indicative
! Tense
! colspan="3" | Aorist
! colspan="3" | Present
|-
! Person
! 1st
! 2nd
! 3rd
! 1st
! 2nd
! 3rd
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Singular
| ''ékide<br>écidhe''
| ''ékida<br>écidha''
| ''ékidas<br>écidhas''
| ''keídeis<br>cídhis''
| ''keídein<br>cídhi(n)''
| ''keídei<br>cídhi''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Plural
| ''ekídamon<br>ecídhamo(n)''
| ''ekídate<br>ecídhate''
| ''ékidan<br>écidha(n)''
| ''keídomon<br>cídhomo(n)''
| ''keídetes<br>cídhetes''
| ''keidoũsi<br>cidhúsi''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Tense
! colspan="3" | Preterite
! colspan="3" | Future
|-
! Person
! 1st
! 2nd
! 3rd
! 1st
! 2nd
! 3rd
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Singular
| ''ekeĩde<br>écidhe''
| ''ekeĩda<br>écidha''
| ''ekeĩdas<br>écidhas''
| ''kídeis<br>cídhis''
| ''kídein<br>cídhi(n)''
| ''kídei<br>cídhi''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Plural
| ''ekeídamon<br>ecídhamo(n)''
| ''ekeídate<br>ecídhate''
| ''ekeĩdan<br>ecídhas''
| ''kídomon<br>cídhomo(n)''
| ''kídetes<br>cídhetes''
| ''kidoũsi<br>cidhúsi''
|}
 
===Classical===
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:autmargin:auto;"
|+caption | Basic verb endings
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="3" |
! colspan="2" | Active
! colspan="2" | Middle
|-
! Imperfective
! Perfective
! Imperfective
! Perfective
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="5" | Singular
! colspan="2" | 1st Person
| ''-eis''
| ''-e''
| ''-ōr''
| ''-ō''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 2nd Person
| ''-ein''
| ''-en''
| ''-estai''
| ''-esta''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="3" | 3rd Person
! <small> ''temporary'' <small>
| ''-ei''
| ''-es''
| ''-our''
| rowspan="3" | ''-ou''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! <small> ''cyclical'' <small>
| ''-eia''
| ''-ia''
| ''-oira''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! <small> ''eternal'' <small>
| ''-ei''
| ''-e''
| ''-our''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="5" | Plural
! colspan="2" | 1st Person
| ''-onos''
| ''-one''
| ''-onor''
| ''-ono''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 2nd Person
| ''-etes''
| ''-ete''
| ''-othor''
| ''-otho''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 3rd Person
| ''-ousi''
| ''-on''
| ''-otor''
| ''-oto''
|}
 
===Modern===
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:autmargin:auto;"
|+caption | Basic verb endings
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="3" |
! colspan="2" | Active
! colspan="2" | Middle
|-
! Imperfective
! Perfective
! Imperfective
! Perfective
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="5" | Singular
! colspan="2" | 1st Person
| ''-is''
| ''-e''
| ''-or''
| ''-o''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 2nd Person
| ''-i(n)''
| ''-e(n)''
| ''-este''
| ''-esta''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="3" | 3rd Person
! <small> ''temporary'' <small>
| ''-i''
| ''-es''
| ''-ur''
| rowspan="3" | ''-u''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! <small> ''cyclical'' <small>
| ''-ia''
| ''-a''
| ''-ura''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! <small> ''eternal'' <small>
| ''-i''
| ''-e''
| ''-ur''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! rowspan="5" | Plural
! colspan="2" | 1st Person
| ''-onos''
| ''-one''
| ''-onor''
| ''-ono''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 2nd Person
| ''-etes''
| ''-ete''
| ''-othor''
| ''-otho''
|- style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | 3rd Person
| ''-usi''
| ''-o(n)''
| ''-otor''
| ''-oto''
|}
 
[[Category:Dalitian]]
[[Category:Maro-Ephenian Languages]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]

Revision as of 12:10, 17 March 2020

Dalitian
talothíkos
ýta talothíki
Pronunciation[[Help:IPA|ˈy.ta ta.loˈθi.ci]]
Created byLimius
SettingAvrid
Native toDalitia
EthnicityTalothic
Maro-Ephenian
  • Talothic
    • Dalitian
Early forms
Proto-Maro-Ephenian
  • Proto-Talothic
    • Classical Dalitian
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Dalitian, also known as Talothic, or ýta talothíki (Talothic language) is a Maro-Ephenian Language spoken primarily by about 5 million people in Dalitia, as well as small communities throughout Avrid. It is closely related to Aeranir, and throughout history was considered an important language for art, trade, and philosophy.

Phonology

Consonants

Classical consonant phonemes
Labial Alveolar Velar Glottal
Nasal voiced mh
/m̥/ 		nh
/n̥/
voiceless m
/m/ 		n
/n/
Stop aspirate ph
/pʰ/ 		th
/tʰ/ 		kh
/kʰ/
plain p
/p/ 		t
/t/ 		k
/k/
voiced b
/b/ 		d
/d/ 		g
/g/
Fricative s
/s/ 		h
/h/
Trill voiceless rh
/r̥/
voiced r
/r/
Approximate voiceless lh
/l̥/
voiced l
/l/
Modern consonant phonemes
Labial Dental Alveolar Velar
Nasal m
/m/ 		n
/n/
Stop voiceless p
/p/ 		t
/t/ 		k
/k/
voiced/
prenasal 		b
/ᵐb/ 		d
/ⁿd/ 		g
/ᵑɡ/
Fricative voiceless f
/f/ 		th
/θ/ 		s
/s/ 		kh
/x/
voiced v
/v/ 		dh
/ð/ 		z
/z/ 		gh
/ɣ/
Trill r
/r/
Approximate l
/l/

Vowels

Classical vowel phonemes
Front Central Back
long short long short long short
Close i
/i/ 		ī
/iː/ 		u
/ʉ/ 		ū
/ʉː/
Mid-close e
/e/ 		ei
/eː/ 		o
/o/ 		ou
/oː/
Mid-open ē
/ɛː/ 		ō
/ɔː/
Open a
/ä/ 		ā
/äː/
Modern vowel phonemes
Front Central Back
plain round
Close i
/i/ 		y
/y/ 		u
/u/
Mid e
/e̞/ 		o
/o̞/
Open a
/ä/

Verbs

Talothic verbs have lexical aspect, meaning that verbs are inherently marked with either the imperfective or perfective aspects.

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