Chlouvānem/Swadesh list: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
Line 105: | Line 105: | ||
|wrd104=''nilyake'' (nily-<sup>abl</sup>) | |wrd104=''nilyake'' (nily-<sup>abl</sup>) | ||
|wrd105=''ṣurgake'' (ṣurg-<sup>abl (u→i)</sup>) | |wrd105=''ṣurgake'' (ṣurg-<sup>abl (u→i)</sup>) | ||
|wrd106=''( | |wrd106=''tvorgake'' (tvorg-) | ||
|wrd107=''pugle'' (pugl-<sup>abl</sup>) | |wrd107=''pugle'' (pugl-<sup>abl</sup>) | ||
|wrd108=''lilke'' (lil-<sup>ah; abl</sup>) | |wrd108=''lilke'' (lil-<sup>ah; abl</sup>) |
Revision as of 19:55, 5 March 2017
No. | English | Chlouvānem |
---|---|---|
1 | I | lili |
2 | you (singular) | sāmi[1] |
3 | he | tami — tes — tem |
4 | we | mayin |
5 | you (plural) | nagin |
6 | they | toman — tyuše — tyune |
7 | this | nenė |
8 | that | nanā (medial: nunū) |
9 | here | ejulā |
10 | there | āñjulā (medial: uñjulā) |
11 | who | yavita? |
12 | what | yananū? |
13 | where | yajulā? |
14 | when | yamiya? |
15 | how | yalīce? |
16 | not | gu … ša |
17 | all | yaiva |
18 | many | taili |
19 | some | nūši |
20 | few | ṣūbha |
21 | other | viṣam |
22 | one | leil — leilum — leila |
23 | two | dani — danīm — danīh |
24 | three | pāmvi — pāmvim — pāmveh |
25 | four | yårṣe — yårṣem — yårṣeh |
26 | five | furḍe |
27 | big | spragnyas |
28 | long | māhāras |
29 | wide | sådhake (sådh-) |
30 | thick | ḍirake (ḍir-abl) |
31 | heavy | ūtarnas |
32 | small | ñikas |
33 | short | kutīs |
34 | narrow | šumbrake (šumb-abl (u→i)) |
35 | thin | kiṣṭake (kiṣṭ-abl) |
36 | woman | hulin |
37 | man (adult male) | dralkam |
38 | man (human being) | lila |
39 | child | samin |
40 | wife | laleichim, honorific: faitlañši |
41 | husband | rūdakis, honorific: šulañšoe |
42 | mother | meinā, honorific: nāḍima |
43 | father | buinā, honorific: tāmvāram |
44 | animal | švas |
45 | fish | jivyām |
46 | bird | gūṇa |
47 | dog | thudam |
48 | louse | ṭaḍhūh |
49 | snake | māruḍa |
50 | worm | tūlum |
51 | tree | jñūm |
52 | forest | nanai |
53 | stick | daṇḍa |
54 | fruit | hælveh |
55 | seed | dūdha |
56 | leaf | nūlia |
57 | root | louca |
58 | bark (of a tree) | ṇīṭah |
59 | flower | juniā |
60 | grass | humai |
61 | rope | teipa |
62 | skin | ṇīṭah |
63 | meat | mædhram |
64 | blood | ūvṛṣam |
65 | bone | ḍulṭhīh |
66 | fat (noun) | ḍåtvam |
67 | egg | pomai |
68 | horn | ṭåmukim |
69 | tail | laiṭa |
70 | feather | mågneh |
71 | hair | pārye (pl) |
72 | head | lāṇṭam |
73 | ear | minnūlia; literary: mindṛṣūs |
74 | eye | mešīn; literary: mešīlgis, nāhim |
75 | nose | nālkum |
76 | mouth | dehām |
77 | tooth | aṣṭras |
78 | tongue (organ) | jeltā |
79 | fingernail | kaipė; literary: damītah, parṣūs |
80 | foot | junai |
81 | leg | pājya; literary: peithṛṣūs |
82 | knee | dækṣuh |
83 | hand | dhāna |
84 | wing | bhugrā |
85 | belly | pilėnas |
86 | guts | kāraṇḍhai (pl) |
87 | neck | avṛcah |
88 | back | joraṇa |
89 | breast | maula |
90 | heart | taugikā; togīn |
91 | liver | ṭarkas |
92 | to drink | mulke (mul-abl) |
93 | to eat | yųlake (yųl-abl) |
94 | to bite | švinake (švin-abl) |
95 | to suck | mukke (mukk-abl) |
96 | to spit | ette (et-) |
97 | to vomit | gåtnake (gåtn-) |
98 | to blow | ghūmake (ghūm-abl) |
99 | to breathe | dīvake (dīv-abl) |
100 | to laugh | huppake (hupp-abl) |
101 | to see | mišake (miš-abl) |
102 | to hear | milge (mind-) |
103 | to know | tṛlake (tṛl-abl) |
104 | to think | nilyake (nily-abl) |
105 | to smell | ṣurgake (ṣurg-abl (u→i)) |
106 | to fear | tvorgake (tvorg-) |
107 | to sleep | pugle (pugl-abl) |
108 | to live | lilke (lil-ah; abl) |
109 | to die | ḍūkke (ḍuk-ah; abl) |
110 | to kill | kaudṛke (kau-dṛ-abl) or causative forms of ḍūkke (ḍuk-ah; abl) |
111 | to fight | humfake (humf-abl (u→i)) |
112 | to hunt | pumnake (pumn-abl) |
113 | to hit | tulge (tug-abl) |
114 | to cut | gunçake (gunç-abl) |
115 | to split | cæšake (cæš-) |
116 | to stab | ikhlake (ikhl-abl) |
117 | to scratch | prubake (prub-abl+) |
118 | to dig | fleikke (fleik-) |
119 | to swim | monodir.: lįke (lih-abl; irr[2]); multidir.: lærṣake (lærṣ-) |
120 | to fly | monodir.: mugdhe (mudh-abl); multidir.: mordhake (mordh-) |
121 | to walk | monodir.: flulke (flun-abl; irr[3]); multidir.: peithake (peith-irr[4]) |
122 | to come | mū(g)- prefix before any motion verb (e.g. mūflulke, mūpeithake, mūglįke, mūglærṣake…) |
123 | to lie (as in a bed) | tolge (ta-ūlg-abl; irr); root -ūlg- plus any positional prefix. |
124 | to sit | tavāske (ta-vāsk-irr); root -vāsk- plus any positional prefix. |
125 | to stand | tatiāke (ta-tiā-irr); root -tiā- plus any positional prefix. |
126 | to turn (intransitive) | aphake (aph-irr); exterior forms are transitive, interior ones intransitive. |
127 | to fall | heṣṭvake (heṣṭv-) |
128 | to give | męlike (męlь-) |
129 | to hold | nænike (nænь-) |
130 | to squeeze | yemnake (yemn-) |
131 | to rub | lišvake (lišv-abl) |
132 | to wash | mutake (mut-abl (u→i)) |
133 | to wipe | boglišvake (bog-lišv-abl) |
134 | to pull | monodir.: khulike (khulь-abl); multidir.: kharliake (kharlь-) |
135 | to push | norake (nor-) |
136 | to throw | kunake (kun-abl) |
137 | to tie | (to tie) |
138 | to sew | (to sew) |
139 | to count | niañake (niañ-) |
140 | to say | kulke (kul-abl (u→i)) |
141 | to sing | lijake (lij-abl) |
142 | to play | fulde (fuld-abl)[5] |
143 | to float | in the air: monodir.: yaṃške (yaṃš-inv abl); multidir.: einerke (einer-); on water: monodir.: uṭake (uṭ-abl); multidir.: arṭake (arṭ-) |
144 | to flow | buñjñake (buñjñ-abl) |
145 | to freeze | (to freeze) |
146 | to swell | lkurtake (lkurt-abl) |
147 | sun | hånna |
148 | moon | huliā |
149 | star | ñaiṭa |
150 | water | maila |
151 | rain | daša |
152 | river | maita |
153 | lake | gėrisa |
154 | sea | jariā |
155 | salt | nanūkah |
156 | stone | tāmira |
157 | sand | chlebam |
158 | dust | paʔeh |
159 | earth | bhælā |
160 | cloud | vælvah |
161 | fog | yāmyah |
162 | sky | lairė |
163 | wind | prātas |
164 | snow | kaiṭas |
165 | ice | ñailūh |
166 | smoke | raikas |
167 | fire | javyāh (good); kūrokas (bad) |
168 | ash | måris (singular only) |
169 | to burn | jervyaike (jervyai-) |
170 | road | ūnima; līlta (especially unpaved) |
171 | mountain | ñariāh |
172 | red | ūnikas (adj); ūnika (noun) |
173 | green | mæxhlis (adj); mæxhliė (noun) |
174 | yellow | pale yellow: yultas (adj); yulta (noun); golden yellow: chlirās (adj); chlirāma (noun) |
175 | white | pāṇḍas (adj); pāṇḍa (noun) |
176 | black | murkas (adj); murka (noun) |
177 | night | laliā |
178 | day | pārṇam |
179 | year | heirah |
180 | warm | sensation: jāmįrah (noun); jāmįrąrake (verb); to the touch: khæñcas (noun); khæñcorake (verb) |
181 | cold | sensation: jålkha (noun); jålkhorake (verb); to the touch: ṭhūrgas (noun); ṭhūrgorake (verb) |
182 | full | smurake (smur-) |
183 | new | khāras |
184 | old | gåṇṭas |
185 | good | chāra |
186 | bad | garpas |
187 | rotten | volgras |
188 | dirty | sījhas |
189 | straight | svātras |
190 | round | caṃšūs |
191 | sharp (as a knife) | thiḍausis |
192 | dull (as a knife) | kuṇḍhas |
193 | smooth | (smooth) |
194 | wet | tarike (tarь-) (participles) |
195 | dry | būṃṣake (būṃṣ-) |
196 | correct | svātārṣis |
197 | near | muhis |
198 | far | lьvyamna |
199 | right | jlitimas |
200 | left | vyātimas |
201 | at | ta-, mū(g)-, šr- (verbal prefixes) |
202 | in | plain locative case; na(ñ)-, glь- (verbal prefixes) |
203 | with | lapi (+ essive case in comitative sense; + ergative case in instrumental sense) |
204 | and | no (complete list; also between related sentences), çei (incomplete list) sama (between sentences only) |
205 | if | hypothetical mood |
206 | because | menni; consequential secondary moods |
207 | name | haloe |
Notes
- ^ Plus others, depending on formality.
- ^ Behaves as lis- before consonants.
- ^ Suppletive; irregular present tense.
- ^ Suppletive.
- ^ "To play" for musical instruments is translated differently depending on the instrument: tulge for percussions, ghūmake for aerophones, prṣake for stringed instruments not played with a bow and keyboards, and lišvake for stringed instruments played with a bow. "To play a melody" is sumorake.