Häskä: Difference between revisions
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Häskä nouns have a natural gender system. Nouns denoting females or that end in the feminine suffix ''-u'' (after C) or ''-hu'' (after V) (from Proto-Lakovic *-s and the feminine verb marker ''*wa-'') are feminine. Inanimate nouns, and animals that are not dedicated words for males and females, can be used in both genders interchangeably. | Häskä nouns have a natural gender system. Nouns denoting females or that end in the feminine suffix ''-u'' (after C) or ''-hu'' (after V) (from Proto-Lakovic *-s and the feminine verb marker ''*wa-'') are feminine. Inanimate nouns, and animals that are not dedicated words for males and females, can be used in both genders interchangeably. | ||
Häskä has Austronesian alignment, like [[Lakovic languages|Proto-Lakovic]]. Case markers are used. | |||
*''id'' = direct | |||
*'' | *''o'' = indirect | ||
*'' | *''mə'' = genitive | ||
*'' | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
Revision as of 14:04, 8 June 2019
| Häskä | |
|---|---|
| Created by | IlL |
| Setting | Verse:Tricin |
Lakovic
| |
Häskä (dülutu Häskähu /dylutu hæskæhu/) is a Lakovic language with an Amharic-inspired aesthetic.
Gibberish
Pärtətəlič o sgəzu kə-fteru di-sumätäk!
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Lateral | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ñ /ŋ/ | ||||
| Stop | plain | (p /p/) | t /t/ | k /k/ | ' /ʔ/ | ||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d/ | g /g/ | ||||
| Fricative | plain | f /f/ | s /s/ | š /ʃ/ | h /h/ | ||
| voiced | z /z/ | ž /ʒ/ | |||||
| Affricate | c /ts/ | č /tʃ/ | |||||
| Approximant | w /w/ | r /r/ | l /l/ | y /j/ | |||
Vowels
a e i o u ä ə /ɑ e i o u æ ə/
Stress
Stress is usually penultimate.
Morphology
Häskä morphology is roughly equally prefixing and suffixing.
Nouns
Häskä nouns have a natural gender system. Nouns denoting females or that end in the feminine suffix -u (after C) or -hu (after V) (from Proto-Lakovic *-s and the feminine verb marker *wa-) are feminine. Inanimate nouns, and animals that are not dedicated words for males and females, can be used in both genders interchangeably.
Häskä has Austronesian alignment, like Proto-Lakovic. Case markers are used.
- id = direct
- o = indirect
- mə = genitive
Pronouns
- ri = I
- šen = thou (m)
- šes = thou (f)
- fin = he
- fis = she
Verbs
Häskä verbs are highly inflected; they inflect for tense, aspect, voice, mood, and gender agreement.
Verb template: gender/mood-tense/aspect-⟨voice⟩ROOT
Gender
- wə- = feminine
Mood
- ku- = cohortative
Aspect
Aspect inflection uses a combination of prefixes and reduplication.
Reduplicant uses 1st consonant (F) or last consonant (L)
- imperfective/stative = unmarked
- perfective = unmarked for some verbs but marked with em- for others
- prospective = hef- (closest equivalent of future tense)
- momentane = bla-
- progressive = ăL-
- gnomic = FăL-
- frequentative = eNFă-
- inchoative/inceptive = oLă-
- graduative = tăFa-
Intensive
- twə- = intensive prefix
Voice affixes
Voice affixes are obsolete in Rhythoed.
- ‹ăc› = Dynamic passive
- ‹ră›, ‹wă› = Stative passive
- ‹ăb› = Reflexive
- ‹ăn/ăng› = Applicative trigger
- ‹ith› = Locative trigger
- ‹ăw› = Instrumental trigger
- ‹ăfong› = Destination trigger
- ‹ălis› = Comitative trigger
- ‹ăm› = Source/cause trigger
- ‹ăchem› = Benefactive/purpose trigger
- ‹ărea› = Malefactive trigger
Derivational morphology
- yə- = adjectivizer