Idavic languages

Idavic languages/Lexicon

Idavic languages/Swadesh

Idavic
Created by	–
Geographic distribution	Etalocin, eastern Txapoalli, Bjeheond
Linguistic classification	One of Tricin's primary language families
Proto-language	Proto-Idavic (PId)

Idavic or Idavo-Etalocian is a Trician language family which includes Dodellic. The urheimat is central-western Etalocin.

Inspiration: Afro-Asiatic, IE

How does this become Netagin tricons?

Family tree

• Idavic
  • Varkic
    • Varkun (quasi-Sami)
  • Netagic (the only tricons branch)
    • Netagin (Optimized for piyyutim)
  • Nabŋaic
    • Sésjallese (Hiberno-Arabic)
    • Ouřefr (Czech + Dutch)
  • Pategic
    • Dodellic
      • Dodellian
    • sth with Sanskrit stops (but vowels shouldn't be Sanskrit-y; a bit more like Lithuanian?)
    • Pategian

Phonology

Proto-Idavic had a distinction between dental and alveolar~retroflex consonants, which survives in Netagin.

• Consonants: Netagin plus g kw gw xw and minus ś ź ć
• Vowels: a e i u ā ē ī ū
• Pitch accent: modal (á), creaky (ã)
  • Creaky voice is the source of glottal reinforcement in Shalaian and vowel shifts in Netagin.

Shalaian diachronics

• b > v; ɓ > b; g > y, kh, or CL; j > ʒ; ng > ng3 > n3
• Grimm's law: p t č kʷ q > f θ ʃ x H
• q G q' > H ayin q
• further shifts: kʷ' > kʷ > xʷ
• Vowel shifts: ā > ō > /əʊ/, u > /ɒ/, iw > /ju:/
• final -ā -ī shorten to -a -i
• Loss of initial glottal stop, then loss of non-prevocalic /r/
• Historical long vowels (also /ɑː/ from historical /ar/) shorten before /ʕ/
• H and ayin merge with /h/ and hamza

Morphology

Triconsonantal but only Netagin preserves this

Syntax

Lifted from German: V2, SAuxOV, verb final in subordinate clauses

Derivation

Proto-Idavic had an extensive array of derivational affixes.

Root extensions: suffixes

• Creaky voice marked intensive or transitive verbs like the Semitic geminate binyan
• -ay (h): deverbal noun
• With prefixed verbs, the stress shift derives verbal nouns: *ri·kʷā́n 'to rest' → ·ríkʷan 'rest'. This is the source of some infinitives being marked with stress shifts in Shalaian (riwháin, ríwhain 'sleep').
• -gʷidi (i): augmentative; derives nouns
• -t (i): verbal noun, resultative
• -aʕ (a): agentive
• -ī́r: causative verbs
• -áy: causative, change of state
• -ā́l: transitive or causative verbs
• dan-: applicative, like German be-
• tar-: frequentative
• nar-: telic
• šu-: mis-, over-
• ur-: causative, change of state
• ri-: detransitivizer, passive
• -mak: nominalizer
• ⟨n⟩: continuative? frequentative?
• C1aC2- reduplicant: graduative
• -jan: instrument noun

Todo: separable prefixes