Chlouvānem/Swadesh list
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| No. | English | Chlouvānem |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | lili |
| 2 | you (singular) | sāmi[1] |
| 3 | he | tami — tayuši — tayumi |
| 4 | we | mayin |
| 5 | you (plural) | nagin |
| 6 | they | taṃšān — taimāsi — taimām |
| 7 | this | nenė |
| 8 | that | nanā (medial: nunū) |
| 9 | here | ejulā |
| 10 | there | āñjulā (medial: uñjulā) |
| 11 | who | yavita? |
| 12 | what | yananū? |
| 13 | where | yajulā? |
| 14 | when | yamiya? |
| 15 | how | yalīce? |
| 16 | not | gu … ša |
| 17 | all | yaiva |
| 18 | many | taili |
| 19 | some | nūši |
| 20 | few | ṣūbha |
| 21 | other | viṣam |
| 22 | one | leil — leilum — leila |
| 23 | two | dani — danīm — danīh |
| 24 | three | pāmvi — pāmvim — pāmveh |
| 25 | four | yårṣe — yårṣem — yårṣeh |
| 26 | five | furḍe |
| 27 | big | spragnyas |
| 28 | long | mahāras |
| 29 | wide | sådhake (sådh-) |
| 30 | thick | ḍirake (ḍir-abl) |
| 31 | heavy | ūtarnas |
| 32 | small | ñikas |
| 33 | short | kutīs |
| 34 | narrow | šumbrake (šumb-abl (u→i)) |
| 35 | thin | kiṣṭake (kiṣṭ-abl) |
| 36 | woman | hulin |
| 37 | man (adult male) | dralkam |
| 38 | man (human being) | lila |
| 39 | child | samin |
| 40 | wife | laleichim, honorific: faitlañši |
| 41 | husband | rūdakis, honorific: šulañšoe |
| 42 | mother | meinā, honorific: nāḍima |
| 43 | father | buinā, honorific: tāmvāram |
| 44 | animal | švas |
| 45 | fish | jivyām |
| 46 | bird | gūṇa |
| 47 | dog | thudam |
| 48 | louse | ṭaḍhūh |
| 49 | snake | māruḍa |
| 50 | worm | tūlum |
| 51 | tree | jñūm |
| 52 | forest | nanai |
| 53 | stick | daṇḍa |
| 54 | fruit | hælvė |
| 55 | seed | dūdha |
| 56 | leaf | nūlia |
| 57 | root | louca |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | ṇīṭah |
| 59 | flower | juniā |
| 60 | grass | humai |
| 61 | rope | teipa |
| 62 | skin | ṇīṭah |
| 63 | meat | mædhram |
| 64 | blood | ūvṛṣam |
| 65 | bone | ḍulṭhīh |
| 66 | fat (noun) | ḍåtvam |
| 67 | egg | pomai |
| 68 | horn | ṭåmukim |
| 69 | tail | laiṭa |
| 70 | feather | mågneh |
| 71 | hair | pārye (pl) |
| 72 | head | lāṇṭam |
| 73 | ear | minnūlia; literary: mindṛṣūs |
| 74 | eye | mešīn; literary: mešīlgis, nāhim |
| 75 | nose | nālkum |
| 76 | mouth | dehām |
| 77 | tooth | aṣṭras |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | jeltā |
| 79 | fingernail | kaipė; literary: damītah, parṣūs |
| 80 | foot | junai |
| 81 | leg | pājya; literary: peithṛṣūs |
| 82 | knee | dækṣuh |
| 83 | hand | dhāna |
| 84 | wing | bhugrā |
| 85 | belly | pilėnas |
| 86 | guts | kāraṇḍhai (pl) |
| 87 | neck | avṛcah |
| 88 | back | joraṇa |
| 89 | breast | maula |
| 90 | heart | taugikā; togīn |
| 91 | liver | ṭarkas |
| 92 | to drink | mulke (mul-abl) |
| 93 | to eat | yųlake (yųl-abl) |
| 94 | to bite | švinake (švin-abl) |
| 95 | to suck | mukke (mukk-abl) |
| 96 | to spit | ette (et-) |
| 97 | to vomit | gåtnake (gåtn-) |
| 98 | to blow | ghūmake (ghūm-abl) |
| 99 | to breathe | dīvake (dīv-abl) |
| 100 | to laugh | huppake (hupp-abl) |
| 101 | to see | mišake (miš-abl) |
| 102 | to hear | milge (mind-) |
| 103 | to know | tṛlake (tṛl-abl) |
| 104 | to think | nilyake (nily-abl) |
| 105 | to smell | ṣurgake (ṣurg-abl (u→i)) |
| 106 | to fear | (to fear) |
| 107 | to sleep | pugle (pugl-abl) |
| 108 | to live | lilke (lil-ah; abl) |
| 109 | to die | ḍūkke (ḍuk-ah; abl) |
| 110 | to kill | kaudṛke (kau-dṛ-abl) or causative forms of ḍūkke (ḍuk-ah; abl) |
| 111 | to fight | (to fight) (tug-abl) |
| 112 | to hunt | (to hunt) |
| 113 | to hit | tulge (tug-abl) |
| 114 | to cut | (to cut) |
| 115 | to split | (to split) |
| 116 | to stab | ikhlake (ikhl-abl) |
| 117 | to scratch | (to scratch) |
| 118 | to dig | fleikke (fleik-) |
| 119 | to swim | monodir.: lįke (lih-abl; irr[2]); multidir.: lærṣake (lærṣ-) |
| 120 | to fly | monodir.: mugdhe (mudh-abl); multidir.: mordhake (mordh-) |
| 121 | to walk | monodir.: flulke (flun-abl; irr[3]); multidir.: peithake (peith-irr[4]) |
| 122 | to come | mū(g)- prefix before any motion verb (e.g. mūflulke, mūpeithake, mūglįke, mūglærṣake…) |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | tolge (ta-ūlg-abl; irr); root -ūlg- plus any positional prefix. |
| 124 | to sit | tavāske (ta-vāsk-irr); root -vāsk- plus any positional prefix. |
| 125 | to stand | tatiāke (ta-tiā-irr); root -tiā- plus any positional prefix. |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | aphake (aph-irr); exterior forms are transitive, interior ones intransitive. |
| 127 | to fall | heṣṭvake (heṣṭv-) |
| 128 | to give | męlike (męlь-) |
| 129 | to hold | nænike (nænь-) |
| 130 | to squeeze | ssrruwah |
| 131 | to rub | lišvake (lišv-abl) |
| 132 | to wash | mutake (mut-abl (u→i)) |
| 133 | to wipe | boglišvake (bog-lišv-abl) |
| 134 | to pull | monodir.: khulike (khulь-abl); multidir.: kharliake (kharlь-) |
| 135 | to push | norake (nor-) |
| 136 | to throw | kunake (kun-abl) |
| 137 | to tie | (to tie) |
| 138 | to sew | (to sew) |
| 139 | to count | (to count) |
| 140 | to say | kulke (kul-abl (u→i)) |
| 141 | to sing | lijake (lij-abl) |
| 142 | to play | (to play) |
| 143 | to float | in the air: monodir.: yaṃške (yaṃš-inv abl); multidir.: einerke (einer-); on water: |
| 144 | to flow | buñjñake (buñjñ-abl) |
| 145 | to freeze | (to freeze) |
| 146 | to swell | (to swell) |
| 147 | sun | hånna |
| 148 | moon | huliā |
| 149 | star | ñaiṭa |
| 150 | water | maila |
| 151 | rain | daša |
| 152 | river | maita |
| 153 | lake | gėrisa |
| 154 | sea | jariā |
| 155 | salt | nanūkah |
| 156 | stone | tāmira |
| 157 | sand | chlebam |
| 158 | dust | paʔeh |
| 159 | earth | bhælā |
| 160 | cloud | vælvah |
| 161 | fog | yāmyah |
| 162 | sky | lairė |
| 163 | wind | prātas |
| 164 | snow | kaiṭas |
| 165 | ice | ñailūh |
| 166 | smoke | raikas |
| 167 | fire | javyāh (good); kūrokas (bad) |
| 168 | ash | måris (singular only) |
| 169 | to burn | jervyaike (jervyai-) |
| 170 | road | ūnima; līlta (especially unpaved) |
| 171 | mountain | ñariāh |
| 172 | red | ūnikas (adj); ūnika (noun) |
| 173 | green | mæxhlis (adj); mæxhliė (noun) |
| 174 | yellow | pale yellow: yultas (adj); yulta (noun); golden yellow: chlirās (adj); chlirāma (noun) |
| 175 | white | pāṇḍas (adj); pāṇḍa (noun) |
| 176 | black | murkas (adj); murka (noun) |
| 177 | night | laliā |
| 178 | day | pārṇam |
| 179 | year | heirah |
| 180 | warm | sensation: jāmįrah (noun); jāmįrąrake (verb); to the touch: khæñcas (noun); khæñcorake (verb) |
| 181 | cold | sensation: jålkha (noun); jålkhorake (verb); to the touch: ṭhūrgas (noun); ṭhūrgorake (verb) |
| 182 | full | smurake (smur-) |
| 183 | new | khāras |
| 184 | old | gåṇṭas |
| 185 | good | chāra |
| 186 | bad | garpas |
| 187 | rotten | volgras |
| 188 | dirty | sījhas |
| 189 | straight | svātras |
| 190 | round | caṃšūs |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | thiḍausis |
| 192 | dull (as a knife) | kuṇḍhas |
| 193 | smooth | (smooth) |
| 194 | wet | tarike (tarь-) (participles) |
| 195 | dry | būṃṣake (būṃṣ-) |
| 196 | correct | svātārṣis |
| 197 | near | muhis |
| 198 | far | lьvyamna |
| 199 | right | jlitimas |
| 200 | left | vyātimas |
| 201 | at | ta-, mū(g)-, šr- (verbal prefixes) |
| 202 | in | plain locative case; na(ñ)-, glь- (verbal prefixes) |
| 203 | with | lapi (+ essive case in comitative sense; + ergative case in instrumental sense) |
| 204 | and | no (complete list; also between related sentences), çei (incomplete list) sama (between sentences only) |
| 205 | if | hypothetical mood |
| 206 | because | menni; consequential secondary moods |
| 207 | name | haloe |